共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 500 毫秒
1.
有蒸发-风反馈和海-气相互作用的CISK开尔文波——热带季节内振荡机制的进一步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将波动－CISK（积云对流加热反馈）、海－气相互作用和蒸发－风反馈都引入一个简单理论模式，研究了他们在驱动热带大气季节内振荡（ISO）中的作用。其结果表明：波动－CISK在减慢激发波的位相速度以接近观测到的热带ISO的移速过程中起主要作用；而蒸发－风反馈的主要作用是使激发波不稳定；海－气相互作用在减慢激发波的移速方面也有一定作用。因此，波动－CISK和蒸发－风反馈可认为是热带ISO的主要动力学机制。本研究还表明，由于蒸发－风反馈和海－气相互作用的影响，激发波是一种频散波，这种频散性可以更好地解释热带大气中ISO的活动特征。 相似文献
2.
热带积云对流加热在全球大气遥响应中的重要作用──数值试验结果 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
利用ＩＡＰ两层大气环流模式模拟研究了热带地区积云对流加热在大气对赤道东太平洋海温正异常响应中的作用。通过对积分结果进行分析发现：热带地区积云对流在大气对赤道东太平洋海温正异常的响应过程中起着非常重要的作用。若热带地区的积云对流加热减弱则大气中的遥响应（相关）型也减弱。同时我们还发现，热带地区的积云对流加热加强则响应场的３０—６０ｄ低频振荡也得到加强。 相似文献
3.
热带大气季节内振荡的进一步分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用ＥＣＭＷＦ的格点资料对热带大气季节内振荡作了进一步分析研究,表明热带大气季节内振荡既有Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波型扰动,也有Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波型扰动;影响热带大气季节内振荡移动的主要因素有扰动波型和积云对流活动的异常;伴随ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件的发生,热带大气季节内振荡的动能急剧减小,而准定常扰动动能急剧增大,既反映了热带大气季节内振荡对ＥｌＮｉｎｏ的激发作用,也说明了在ＥｌＮｉｎｏ期间热带大气季节内振荡偏弱的原因。 相似文献
4.
The equations of barotropic model are used to discuss the effects of diabatic factors such as heat-ing of convective condensation, evaporation-wind feedback and CISK on the Rossby wave and the Kelvin wave. In low latitudes we have obtained the angular frequency and analyzed the period and stability of waves. The result shows the existence of the diabatic factors not only enlarges the period of adiabatic waves but also changes the stability of waves. Thus we think that the so-called intraseasonal oscillation and some other low-frequency oscillations are a kind of diabatic waves which are important factors producing the long-term weather changes and short-term climatic evolution. 相似文献
5.
In this paper, the evolution of intraseasonal oscillation over the South China Sea and tropical western Pacific area and its effect to the summer rainfall in the southern China are studied based on the ECMWF data and TBB data) analyses. A very low-frequency waves exist in the tropics and play an important role in dominating intraseasonal oscillation and lead to special seasonal variation of intraseasonal oscillation over the South China Sea / tropical western Pacific area. The intraseasonal oscillation (convection) over the South China Sea and tropical western Pacific area is closely related to the summer rainfall (convection) in the southern China. Their relationship seems to be a seesaw feature, and this relationship resulting from the different pattern of convection in those two re-gions is caused by the different type of local meridional circulation 相似文献
6.
ＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＩｎｔｒａｓｅａｓｏｎａｌＯｓｃｉｌａｔｉｏｎｏｖｅｒｔｈｅＴｒｏｐｉｃａｌＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＰａｃｉｆｉｃ／ＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａＳｅａａｎｄＩｔｓＥｆｅｃｔｔｏｔｈｅＳｕｍｍｅｒＰｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＣｈｉ... 相似文献
7.
热带大气季节内振荡的传播及影响因子研究 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
通过观测资料的分析,对热带大气季节内振荡(ISO)的传播(移动)进行了深入系统的研究,揭示了热带大气ISO的纬向和经向移动的特征,以及热带大气低频动能的跨赤道传播特征.同时,通过对比分析还揭示了ENSO和热带对流加热场异常对热带大气ISO移动的影响. 相似文献
8.
An atmospheric general circulation model is used in a series of three experiments to simulate the intraseasonaloscillation in the tropical atmosphere.Analyses of the model daily data show that various physical variables,from sever-al different regions,exhibit fluctuations with a spectral peak between 30 and 60 days.This represents a 30—60 dayoscillation in the tropical atmosphere and possesses several features which are consistent with observations.These in-clude a horizontal structure dominated by zonal wavenumber 1 and a vertical structure which is predominantlybaroclinic.The effect of warm SST (sea surface temperature) anomalies on the 30—60 day oscillation in the tropical atmos-phere is also simulated by prescribing global SST as observed in 1983.This has the effect of weakening the oscillationwhile at the same time the vertical structure becomes less baroclinic.The importance of cumulus convection to the propagational characteristics of this oscillation is demonstrated by acomparison of results based on different parameterizations for convection.In one case,where the maximum convectionover the Pacific is simulated to be too far east,the simulated 30—60 day oscillation shows evidence of westward propa-gation.In the second case,where the convection maximum is located near the observed position in the western Pacific,there is more clearly evidence of eastward propagation.Both results suggest that the location of maximum convection in the Pacific can have an important influence on thestrength,structure and propagation of the 30—60 day oscillation. 相似文献
9.
ENSO, particularly the occurrence of ENSO is still an important research object in climatic variation. Using the ECMWF data, the relationship between ENSO and the activities of low-frequency waves in the tropical atmosphere is analyzed in this paper. It is shown that the occurrence of ENSO is closely related to the intraseasonal oscillation and the quasi-stationary waves (the period > 90 days) in the tropical atmosphere. Associated with the occurrence of El Nino event, the kinetic energy of low-frequency waves has obvious variation: the kinetic energy of atmospheric intraseasonal (30–60 days) oscillation (ISO) decreases abruptly and the kinetic energy of quasi-stationary waves increases abruptly. Moreover, the ISO and quasi-stationary waves propagate eastward clearly corresponding to El Nino; but they clearly propagate westward in La Nina cases. 相似文献
10.
ＥＮＳＯ,ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙｔｈｅｏｃｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥＮＳＯｉｓｓｔｉｌａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｎｃｌｉｍａｔｉｃｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ．ＵｓｉｎｇｔｈｅＥＣＭＷＦｄａｔａ,ｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｎＥＮＳＯａｎｄｔｈｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｏｆｌｏｗ－ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｗａｖｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｉｓａｎａｌｙｚｅｄｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ．ＩｔｉｓｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｏｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥＮＳＯｉｓｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｔｒａｓｅａｓｏｎａｌｏｓｃｉｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｑｕａｓｉ－ｓｔａｔｉｏｎａｒｙｗａｖｅｓ（ｔｈｅｐｅｒｉｏｄ＞９０ｄａｙｓ）ｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ．ＡｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｏｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥｌＮｉｎｏｅｖｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｅｎｅｒｇｙｏｆｌｏｗ－ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｗａｖｅｓｈａｓｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ：ｔｈｅｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｅｎｅｒｇｙｏｆａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｉｎｔｒａｓｅａｓｏｎａｌ（３０－６０ｄａｙｓ）ｏｓｃｉｌａｔｉｏｎ 相似文献
11.
本文从赤道β平面近似下的线性化扰动方程组出发,基于第二类条件不稳定(CISK)理论,研究了热带对流层大气准40天低频振荡的动力机制。研究发现,当对流层中、上层存在较大的对流凝结加热时可激发出纬向波数为1、周期为40天左右的不稳定Kelvin波,它以每天8到11个经度的相速缓慢向东移动。由此指出,观测到的热带对流层大气30—50天的低频振荡可能正是这种由对流凝结加热所驱动的缓慢东移的Kelvin波的具体表现。这可对热带对流层大气30—50天低频振荡现象的动力机制给以初步的物理解释。 相似文献
12.
外强迫对热带季节内振荡影响的模拟研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
应用经过修改的NCAR CCM3模式和CAM2模式进行的数值实验结果以及NCEP的GFS模式的输出结果讨论了海温等外强迫作用对热带季节内振荡的影响.结果表明,热带季节内振荡是热带大气固有的内部变率.它是由大气内部过程的相互作用决定的.但外强迫对热带季节内振荡的强度、传播方向等有明显的影响.当外强迫没有变化时,模式可以模拟出与观测近似的低频振荡.当作为外强迫的海温和太阳辐射有年内季节变化时,模式模拟的季节内振荡则明显减弱.当海温与辐射不仅有季节变化而且有年际变化时,模式模拟的季节内振荡会进一步减弱.具有长周期的外强迫还会削弱季节内振荡中东移波动的能量而增加静止波的强度.在与海洋模式耦合的状态下,模式不受来自海洋的外强迫影响,而是与海洋构成一个耦合系统,可以产生最强的季节内振荡. 相似文献
13.
14.
The NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) with the relaxed Arakawa Schubert (RAS, hereafter referred to as CTRL) convection scheme of Moorthi and Suarez exhibits better performance in representing boreal summer tropical intraseasonal variability as compared with a simulation using simplified Arakawa–Schubert scheme. The intraseasonal moist static energy (MSE) budget is analyzed in this version of the CFS model (CTRL), which produces realistic eastward and northward propagation characteristics. The moist and thermodynamic processes involved in the maintenance and propagation of the poleward moving intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) disturbances are examined here. Budget diagnostics show that horizontal MSE advection is the principal component of the budget, contributing to the poleward movement of the convection. The injection of MSE moistens the atmosphere north of the convective area causing the poleward movement of convection by destabilization of the atmosphere. The moistening process is mainly contributed by the climatological wind acting on the anomalous moisture gradient as confirmed from the examination of moisture advection equation. While surface enthalpy fluxes (consisting of radiative and surface turbulent heat fluxes) maintain the ISO anomalies, they oppose the MSE tendency due to horizontal advection thus regulating the poleward propagation characteristics. In addition, the model results show that wind–evaporation feedback dominates over cloud–radiation feedback for ISO propagation; this is in contrast to our estimates using the newly available European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Interim reanalysis. Sensitivity experiments suggest that intraseasonal variability in the CFS model with the RAS scheme is highly sensitive to the parameterization of both the shallow convection and the convective rain evaporation and downdrafts. Removal of these components adversely affects the propagation characteristics and greatly reduces the amplitude of intraseasonal variability. Our results support the primary importance of the moisture preconditioning ahead of the ISO and the physical relationship between moisture and precipitation. For realistic ISO simulations, models need to represent these features appropriately. 相似文献
15.
Zhang Qin Ni Yunqi Lin Wuyin Wang Zhaomin D. D. Houghton 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,5(4):411-425
In this paper, five-year simulated data from a low-resolution global spectral model with triangular trunca-lion at wavenumber 10 are analyzed in order to study dynamical features and propagation characteristics ofintraseasonal oxillations over the mid-latitudes and the tropical atmosphere. The simulations show that thereis the 30-50 day periodic oscillation in the low-resolution spectral model without non-seasonal external forcing,and spatial scale of the intraseasonal oscihations is of the globe .Further analysis finds that propagation charac-ters of intraseasonal oscillations over the mid-latitudes and the tropics are different. The 30-50 day oscillationover the tropics exhibits structure of the velocity potential wave with wavenumber 1 in the latitudinal and thecharacter of the traveling wave eastward at speed of 8 longitudes/day. However, the 30-50 day oscillationsin mid-latitude atmosphere exhibit phase and amplitude oscillation of the standing planetary waves and theyare related to transform of teleconnection patterns over the mid-latitudes. The energy is not only transferredbetween the tropics and the middle-high latitudes, but also between different regions over the tropics. Based on the analysis of 5-year band pass filtered data from a 5-layer global spectral model of Jow-ordetwith truncated wavenumber l0,investigation is done of the source of intraseasonal oscillations in the extratropicalmodel atmosphere and its mechanism. Results show that (1) the convective heat transferred eastward alongthe equator serves as the source of the intraseasonal oxillation both in the tropical and the extratropical atmos--phere; (2) the velocity-potential wave of a zonal structure of wavenumber 1 gives rise to oxillation in divergentand convergent wind fields of a dipole-form as seen from the equatorial Indian Ocean to the western Pacificduring its eastward propagation, thus indicating the oscillation in the dipole-form heat soure:e/sink pattertl; (3)the tropical heat-source oscillation is responsible for the variation in phase and intensity of the extratropicalstationary wave train, and the interaction between the oscillating low-frequency inertial gravity and stationaryRossby modes that are probably mechanisms for the oscillations ip the middle-high latitudes. 相似文献
16.
El Ni?o影响热带大气季节内振荡的动力学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据El Ni?o期间热带大气状态的异常特征，确定了在简单大气动力模式中描写海温异常的参数化方法。然后利用斜压半地转两层模式从动力学上分析研究了El Ni?o对热带大气低频波的影响。理论分析同有关热带大气季节内振荡的资料分析结果完全一致，El Ni?o事件使热带大气季节内振荡减弱。 相似文献
17.
In this study, satellite-derived outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the reanalysis from the National Centers for Environmental
Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research are used as verification data in a study of intraseasonal variability
in the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres (GLA) and the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) atmospheric general circulation
models. These models simulated the most realistic intraseasonal oscillations (IO) of the 15 Atmospheric Model Intercomparison
Project models previously analyzed. During the active phase of the intraseasonal oscillation, convection is observed to migrate
from the Indian Ocean to the western/central Pacific Ocean, and into the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). The simulated
convection, particularly in the GLA model, is most realistic over the western/central Pacific Ocean and the SPCZ. In the reanalysis,
the baroclinic structure of the IO is evident in the eddy-stream function, and eastward migration of the anticyclone/cyclone
pairs occurs in conjunction with the eastward development of convection. Both the GLA and UKMO models exhibit a baroclinic
structure on intraseasonal time scales. The GLA model is more realistic than the UKMO model at simulating the eastward migration
of the anticyclone/cyclone pairs when the convection is active over the western/central Pacific. In the UKMO model, the main
heating is located off the equator, which contributes to the irregular structures seen in this model on intraseasonal time
scales. The maintenance and initiation of the intraseasonal oscillation has also been investigated. Analysis of the latent
heat flux indicates that evaporative wind feedback is not the dominant mechanism for promoting the eastward propagation of
the intraseasonal oscillation since evaporation to the west of the convection dominants. The data suggest a wave-CISK (conditional
instability of the secondkind) type mechanism, although the contribution by frictional convergence is not apparent. In the
GLA model, enhanced evaporation tends to develop in-place over the west Pacific warm pool, while in the UKMO simulation westward
propagation of enhanced evaporation is evident. It is suggested that lack of an interactive ocean may be associated with the
models systematic failure to simulate the eastward transition of convection from the Indian Ocean into the western Pacific
Ocean. This hypothesis is based upon the examination of observed sea surface temperature (SST) and its relationship to the
active phase of the intraseasonal oscillation, which indicates that the IO may evolve as a coupled ocean-atmosphere mode.
The eastward propagation of convection appears to be related to the gradient of SST, with above normal SST to the east of
the convection maintaining the eastward evolution, and decreasing SST near the western portion of the convective envelope
being associated with the cessation of convection.
Received: 13 September 1996/Accepted: 14 April 1997 相似文献
18.
A Further Inquiry on the Mechanism of 30-60 Day Oscillation in the Tropical Atmosphere 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Li Chongyin 《大气科学进展》1993,10(1):41-53
In a simple semi-geostropic model on the equatorial β-plane, the theoretical analysis on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropical atmosphere is further discussed based on the wave-CISK mechanism. The convection heat-ing can excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave in the tropical atmosphere and they are all the low-frequency modes which drive the activities of 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics. The most favorable conditions to excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave are indicated: There is convection heating but not very strong in the atmosphere and there is weaker disturbance in the lower troposphere.The influences of vertical shearing of basic flow in the troposphere on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics are also discussed. 相似文献
19.
Li Chongyin 《大气科学进展》1993,10(1):41-53
In a simple semi-geostropic model on the equatorialβ-plane, the theoretical analysis on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropical atmosphere is further discussed based on the
wave-CISK mechanism. The convection heat-ing can excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave in the tropical atmosphere
and they are all the low-frequency modes which drive the activities of 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics. The most favorable
conditions to excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave are indicated: There is convection heating but not very strong
in the atmosphere and there is weaker disturbance in the lower troposphere.
The influences of vertical shearing of basic flow in the troposphere on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics are also
discussed. 相似文献
20.
热带对流和环流季内振荡强度与海表温度关系对比研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用外逸长波辐射(OLR）、风场和海表温度(SST)资料, 研究了热带大气季节内振荡(ISO)强度的季节变化特征, 发现热带印度洋和热带西太平洋区域是OLR和风场季内振荡最主要的共同活跃区。对比分析了OLR和风场季内振荡强度与海表温度异常之间的年际异常关系, 发现OLR季内振荡强度异常与海表温度异常之间存在显著局地正相关关系, 即在热带中东太平洋区域、热带西北太平洋区域和热带西南太平洋区域, 当海表温度正(负)异常时, OLR季内振荡增强(减弱),特别在冬春季节这一关系更清楚。除个别区域外, 风场季内振荡强度异常与海表温度异常不存在类似OLR的局地关系。OLR和风场季内振荡强度异常与海表温度异常之间局地和非局地关系的差异, 体现了两种要素特性的本质差异。但两种要素季内振荡强度在El Niño事件发展过程中的变化基本一致, 即在气候场中季内振荡活跃的区域, 事件发生之前季内振荡会增强, 并逐渐向东传播, 事件发生之后这些区域振荡减弱。 相似文献