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1.
南宁市大雾气候特征分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用南宁市所管辖8个站1965-2002年的观测资料，分析了南宁市大雾天气的分布情况和气候变化特征。结果表明：南宁市大雾的平均季节分布为冬季最多，夏季最少。各月大雾总日数出现频率呈双峰型，多项式回归分析结果表明大雾日数的年际变化呈逐渐减少趋势。 相似文献
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利用江苏省分布较为均匀的59个台站1961—2006年的大雾日数资料,分析了大雾日数的年际变化特征;利用1961—2006年南京、淮安、徐州、赣榆、射阳、东台、吕泗、溧阳8站的资料重点研究了大雾的生成、消散及大雾持续时间变化特征。结果表明,年雾日数呈先升后降的分布形势,80年代前中期为大雾的鼎盛期,之后呈较快的下降趋势。大雾持续时间呈显著增长趋势,主要表现为雾消时间的推迟。考虑大雾日数和大雾持续时间2个因子的综合作用,设计了大雾综合影响指数,该指数的年际变化表征了江苏区域大雾天气的高影响性趋强。 相似文献
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为了分析全国范围内大雾的气候特征及变化，利用1950年以来我国气象系统地面观测网679个国家基本（基准）站的大雾天气现象观测资料，分析了我国大雾空间、时间分布的基本气候特征。从整体来看，我国大雾分布呈现东南部多西北部少的特点。在月大雾的日数、月最多大雾日数、大雾季节分布中都显示出北南、西东的地区差异及局地明显的特征。分析表明，我国大部分地区大雾日数呈减少趋势。而浓雾出现的年日数变化不明显；文章对大雾日数的变化原因进行了初步解释。 相似文献
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1961~2005年中国大雾天气气候特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
利用1961～2005年中国541个地面台站观测的能见度和相对湿度资料,分析了中国大雾时空分布特征和趋势变化特征.结果表明:中国大部分地区冬半年大雾日数明显偏多.夏半年明显偏少.其中11月最多,6月最少.在空间分布上,中国东部降水量较多的平原和丘陵年均大雾日数较多,而内蒙古大部和中国西部大部分地区年均大雾日数较少,多在1天以下.长江中下游和黄淮地区一些省市,是大雾天气多发的地区,并且具有明显正变化趋势,年大雾天气日数呈波动增多的趋势,波动的周期大约为1.5年.1982、1987、1989～2000年和2002年是大雾日数较多的年份,而1967年则是大雾日数明显偏少的年份. 相似文献
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鞍山地区大雾天气气候特征及成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《气象与环境学报》2016,(6)
利用1951—2014年鞍山地区大雾天气观测资料,采用线性趋势法和多项式趋势法分析了鞍山地区大雾天气的空间及时间变化特征。结果表明:1951—2014年鞍山地区年和季大雾日数呈东南部地区多、西北部和中部地区少的空间分布特征,同时各区域大雾日数的季节变化差异显著,东南部山区夏季和秋季(6—10月)为大雾多发季,其他地区深秋和冬季(11月至翌年1月)为大雾多发季;鞍山市各区域大雾日数趋势变化的差异较大,中部地区大雾日数呈减少的趋势,西部地区大雾日数呈弱增加的趋势,东南部地区大雾日数呈增加的趋势。近64 a鞍山地区区域性大雾过程最长持续时间为7 d,全区性大雾过程较少,一致性大雾过程仅出现8次;鞍山地区大雾天气受地形影响较大,具有明显的区域特征,平原地区大雾天气少、山区大雾天气多,且山区连续性大雾过程持续时间较长。鞍山地区大雾过程持续时间多集中在1—2 h,大雾天气出现时间主要集中在05—06时、08时和20时前后,大雾过程日最长持续时间为20—21 h。在1961—2010年鞍山地区大雾日数的年代际变化中,东南部山区大雾日数呈增加的趋势,中部地区大雾日数呈减少的趋势;特别是20世纪90年代以后,中部地区大雾日数减少明显,东南部地区大雾日数增加显著,区域性差异较大。同时,人类活动对气候环境的反馈影响可能也是鞍山地区大雾天气变化的一个原因。 相似文献
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河南省大雾的时空分布特征及500hPa环流特点分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
对河南省45年的大雾日数进行分析研究，结果表明：河南省年平均大雾日数秋冬季多，春夏季少，雾日主要集中在11月到翌年1月；大雾区域分布极不均匀，总体来说是东多西少，平原和盆地多山区明显少，全省有5个多雾中心。选择40个代表站进行经验正交函数（EOF）展开分析，前三个模态的积累方差贡献率为76．5％，通过相关系数和第一模态的时间系数分析，全省大部分地区大雾日数呈增加的趋势，与温度变化趋势相同。小波分析存在2～4年、8～10年和19～22年的周期变化。进一步对历史上典型多雾年和少雾年500hPa高度距平场分析，发现多雾年与少雾年欧亚中高纬度地区高度距平趋势恰好相反，多雾年呈＋-＋分布，而少雾年呈-＋-分布。 相似文献
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应用1961—2004年福建省50个气象站逐月大雾及浓雾日数资料, 分析了全省大雾日数及浓雾日数的年、季分布特点、长期变化趋势、年代际变化特征以及可能的影响因素。结果表明:全省年、季雾日数分布均表现为中部及三明西部的多雾区, 沿海及南部地区的少雾区, 而多雾区中浓雾所占的比率达30%以上; 全省年、季大雾日数大部分地区表现为明显的减少趋势, 仅在龙岩西部呈增加趋势, 而浓雾的减少趋势不如大雾; 年、季雾日数具有明显的年代际变化特征, 年、季雾日数在20世纪80年代中期左右转为明显偏少期, 之前则为明显的偏多期。文中还重点分析了6个代表站大雾与浓雾的趋势与月际分布特征。进一步研究指出, 年雾日数与年平均气温有较好的负相关关系, 而与年平均相对湿度有很好的正相关关系, 同时与森林覆盖率的变化有一定关系。 相似文献
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该文利用1961—2008年六盘水市3个测站的逐日大雾天气现象观测资料,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,对六盘水地区大雾天气的分布情况、年际变化等进行分析,结果表明:六盘水大雾天气差异显著。出现大雾日数最多的是水城,最少的是盘县。各月均有大雾发生,大雾主要出现在11—次年2月,5-7月相对最少。近48a六盘水大雾日数呈下降趋势,大雾日数以每10a减少0.5d。20世纪60年代和80年代大雾日数较多,70年代和90年代相对偏少,2001年以来大雾天气明显减少。六盘水年大雾日数在1972年发生突变,表明1972之前大雾日数较多转为减少的趋势。 相似文献
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招远地区大雾气候特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
该文采用1961—2010年招远气象站大监站地面气象观测资料,对所选大雾的气候资料进行整理归纳,利用统计方法统计出历年各月、季、年际和年代大雾的平均日数等特征量,并进行大雾的变化特征分析。结果表明,招远地区大雾年际间差异很大,20世纪70—80年代为大雾多发年代,90年代开始呈缓慢增加趋势,年日数呈振荡增加趋势,季节分布特别明显,以冬季最多,春季最少,出现最多月份为12月和1月,生成主要是在夜间至清晨,消散多在上午到中午。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献