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利用美国国家环境预报中心NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,详细阐述了2001年8月3～4日浙南闽北的东风波暴雨过程的螺旋度的计算方法,并根据螺旋度（Helicity）和Q矢量（Q vector divergence）分析了过程中的暴雨演变以及雁荡山脉诱生中尺度低涡发生发展的原因。同时,利用中尺度有限区域模式MM5V2对该东风波诱生中尺度低涡进行模拟。结果表明:螺旋度大值中心强度和位置的演变较好地反映了暴雨落区和中尺度低涡的诱生、移动,螺旋度的时空演变对暴雨发生有一定的预示意义,螺旋度计算较中尺度模式诱生低涡的初生位置、路径预报准确率高,两者集成可以提高诱生低涡的预报准确率。同时,螺旋度梯度大值区和Q矢量散度梯度大值区叠加区的时空演变对暴雨发生、 诱生低涡的初生位置预示准确,说明该叠加区对降水和系统的诊断能力强,具有很好的指示意义。 相似文献
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利用NCEP 1x1再分析资料诊断2001年8月3~4日发生在浙南闽北的东风波及其诱生中尺度低涡的暴雨过程。根据螺旋度(Helicity)分析了过程中的暴雨演变以及雁荡山脉[1]诱生中尺度低涡发生发展的原因。同时,利用中尺度有限区域模式MM5V2对该东风波诱生中尺度低涡进行模拟。结果表明:螺旋度大值中心和锋区的强度和位置的演变较好反映了暴雨落区和中尺度低涡的诱生、移动。螺旋度的时空演变对暴雨发生有很好的预示意义,高、低层螺旋度的低层正值辐合与高层负值辐散的配置是引起降水的重要机制;螺旋度计算较中尺度模式诱生低涡的初生位置、路径预报准确率高,两者集成可以提高诱生低涡的预报准确率。 相似文献
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一次东风波中尺度暴雨的Q矢量与MM5预测能力对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料对2001年8月3～4日的浙南闽北的东风波暴雨过程进行了分析。根据Q矢量散度分析讨论了这次过程中的暴雨演变以及东风波诱生中尺度低涡发生发展的原因。同时,利用中尺度有限区域模式MM5V2对该东风波诱生中尺度低涡进行模拟。结果表明:Q矢量散度大值中心强度和位置的演变较好反映了暴雨落区和中尺度低涡的诱生,其预示能力较MM5V2预报的准确率高,将中尺度模式和Q矢量计算结合起来可以提高风暴路径和雨区的预报准确率。 相似文献
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利用NCEP 1x1分析资料对2001年8月3～4日的浙南闽北的东风波暴雨过程,根据螺旋度(Helicity)分析了这次过程中的暴雨演变以及雁荡山脉诱生中尺度低涡发生发展的原因.结果表明:螺旋度大值中心强度和位置的演变较好地反映了暴雨落区和中尺度低涡的诱生、移动,螺旋度的时空演变对暴雨发生有一定的预示意义. 相似文献
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旋转风螺旋度及其在暴雨演变过程中的作用 总被引：50，自引：2，他引：48
利用中尺度有限区域模式ＭＭ４对１９９１年７月５－６日的江淮梅雨锋暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,在模拟结果可靠的基础上,用模式输出的细多格动力协调资料,根据螺旋度理论分析了这次过程中的暴雨演变以及对流层低层的中尺度低涡及地面气旋发生发展的原因。结果表明,正在旋转风螺旋度大值中心及其演变较好地应和反映了暴雨中心及造成暴雨的中尺度涡旋的发生益及演变,较大的螺旋度值是暴雨及低层中尺度低涡和地面气旋系统发生发展的 相似文献
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一次江淮暴雨中中尺度低涡的数值模拟及分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
利用MM5模式对2003年7月4—5日一次江淮梅雨暴雨过程进行了数值模拟。分析表明：暴雨与江淮地区对流层中低层中尺度低涡的发生发展有密切关系。中尺度低涡与中尺度雨团相伴移动，低涡强度与雨强的演变近于一致；低涡中心的强上升运动及低层辐合、高层辐散的配置有利于中尺度对流系统的发生发展；低涡低层有不稳定能量的积聚。应用螺旋度理论分析指出，较大的螺旋度是对流层中低层低涡发生和发展的一种有利机制。 相似文献
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2003年4月17~18日山东春季大暴雨过程与暖切变、850 hPa中尺度低涡的发生发展、高温和丰沛的水汽密切相关。利用中尺度有限区域模式MM5对大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,在数值模拟比较准确的基础上,利用模式输出的细网格资料,根据螺旋度(Helicity)理论结合稳定度条件,对这次暴雨演变过程中的螺旋度进行了诊断分析。结果表明,强对流和暴雨发生在不稳定大气中,正螺旋度大值中心出现的高度与对流发展强弱有关;500 hPa螺旋度正值区长轴与造成强对流的暖区弱切变和雷达带状回波走向一致;大暴雨产生在850 hPa螺旋度中心附近,螺旋度的强度变化对强对流系统的移动、发展及暴雨的发生有一定的指示意义。 相似文献
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利用NCEP再分析资料和常规观测资料对2016年8月广西地区一次东风波暴雨过程进行分析,结果表明：东风波及其诱生低涡是此次暴雨过程的主要影响系统,对流层高层强辐散、低层强辐合的散度场垂直结构,低层强烈的水汽输送和积聚,以及中低层暖湿的大气状态是东风波及其诱生低涡西移加强,并造成相应区域强降水的重要原因。另外,利用重新定义的热力螺旋度物理量,分析其高值区与强降水落区在出现时间和空间上的对应关系,发现两者具有较好的协调性和一致性。因此,热力螺旋度的分布与演变情况对于暴雨预报和研究具有一定的指示意义。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献