共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
FY-3A气象卫星臭氧总量数据的质量控制方案及其在台风Tembin(2012)和Isaac(2012)中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国第二代极轨气象卫星“风云三号”A星(FY-3A)上搭载的紫外臭氧总量探测仪(Total Ozone Unit,TOU)每天可以提供一次覆盖全球的臭氧总量观测。为了在数值预报中应用TOU的臭氧资料,从资料同化角度发展了一套质量控制方案。首先基于臭氧总量和平均位势涡度的高相关性建立了逐日动态更新的臭氧线性回归预报模型,然后使用双权重算法对臭氧资料进行质量控制。将该质量控制方案应用于台风Tembin(2012)和Isaac(2012)个例,试验结果说明该方案可以体现出臭氧总量和平均位势涡度之间相关关系的逐日变化,识别出的离群资料百分比随时间变化较稳定,可以保留原始资料的主体信息,并且显著降低了原始资料的标准差。同时,质量控制后的臭氧数据与统计拟合量更加一致,观测减拟合的概率密度函数分布形式也更接近高斯分布,有利于后续的资料同化。 相似文献
2.
FY-3B TOU臭氧总量产品空间分辨率为50 km,在开展小区域或精细化的臭氧研究时,需要获得更高分辨率、更具有准确和可靠性的臭氧插值数据。常规的数据插值方法没有考虑TOU臭氧总量受短波辐射、海拔高度的影响,所得到的插值数据参考性不强。文中介绍TOU多元回归插值方法,方法采用程序设计方式,动态分析TOU与短波辐射、海拔高度之间的相关性,建立一元回归模型,并根据一元回归模型结构建立多元回归模型,再通过多元回归模型对TOU进行插值。使用OMI臭氧总量数据对插值结果开展验证,验证结果表明采用多元回归算法的插值具有较好的可行性。且该插值方法及程序设计对其他类似的数据插值、分析具有一定的借鉴和参考意义。 相似文献
3.
基于卫星观测的我国北方地区紫外吸收性气溶胶的时空分布研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用气溶胶指数(Aerosol Index,AI)资料研究了东亚地区紫外吸收性气溶胶的时空分布特征,主要得出以下结论:1)雨云七号卫星(Nimbus 7,N7)和地球探测卫星(Earth Probe,EP)搭载的臭氧总量测绘光谱仪(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer,TOMS)以及臭氧监测仪(Ozone Monitoring Instrument,OMI)反演的AI数据在东亚大陆具有较好的一致性,但EP/TOMS-OMI AI的连续性较好,而N7/TOMS-EP/TOMS AI的连续性较差;2)东亚地区紫外吸收性气溶胶主要位于塔克拉玛干沙漠及其东部周边的库姆塔格、柴达木盆地沙漠、古尔班通古特沙漠、内蒙古中西部、蒙古国南部以及我国东北、华北地区;3)紫外吸收性气溶胶具有明显的月际变化特征;4)旋转正交经验函数分析不仅能分离紫外吸收性气溶胶的源区范围,还能给出源强相对大小的定性信息。 相似文献
4.
《气象研究与应用》2021,42(2)
通过FY-3B TOU与Aura OMI卫星臭氧总量产品的比对分析,检验FY-3B TOU臭氧总量产品的适用性。结果显示,两者的相对偏差(RD)在赤道、南北半球中纬度大部分地区为2%～4%,而在南北极区扩到4%～6%和8%～10%,从赤道到两极RD随纬度升高而增大;除南北极区外,其余地区RD月平均值均呈现出明显的季节变化特征,尤其南半球中纬度地区的季节特征更为显著;赤道地区RD值随卫星臭氧总量的变化波动较小,基本稳定在0.1%～2.9%,其余地区仅卫星臭氧总量在230～500DU之间时,RD才出现相对稳定的波动,可见除赤道地区外RD在不同区域对卫星臭氧总量值有一定程度的依赖性;南北极区太阳天顶角(SZA)在45°～65°期间,RD随SZA增大均呈正的下降趋势,在70°～80°之间均呈现小幅度的回升,总体来看,TOU臭氧总量RD值受SZA变化情况并不明显。 相似文献
5.
Jinqiang Zhang Yuejian Xuan Jianchun Bian Holger V?mel Yunshu Zeng Zhixuan Bai Dan Li Hongbin Chen 《大气和海洋科学快报》2024,(1):16-22
从2013年开始,作者团队使用自主研发电化学原理臭氧探空仪在华北平原北京地区进行每周一次观测.本研究首次使用2013-2019年期间北京地区臭氧探空数据评估Aqua卫星搭载大气红外探测仪(AIRS)和Aura卫星搭载微波临边探测器(MLS)反演垂直臭氧廓线,并对比臭氧探空,AIRS和Aura卫星搭载臭氧监测仪(OMI)臭氧柱总量结果.尽管臭氧探空与卫星反演垂直臭氧廓线在局部高度处差异较大,但整体来说两者较为接近(相对偏差大多<10%).臭氧探空,AIRS和OMI三种仪器测量臭氧柱总量的年变化特征较为一致,其年均臭氧柱总量分别为351.8±18.4 DU,348.8±19.5 DU和336.9±14.2 DU.后续对国内多站点观测数据分析将有助于进一步理解臭氧探空与卫星反演臭氧资料在不同区域的一致性. 相似文献
6.
对我国河北香河、云南昆明、青海瓦里关及黑龙江龙凤山地基观测臭氧总量与不同时期、不同卫星反演的产品差别特点进行比较,评估地基和卫星观测臭氧总量数据的质量信息以及近30年来我国不同区域臭氧总量的变化趋势特征。结果表明:4个站点的地基与卫星观测臭氧总量的绝对和相对差别分别为-5~10 DU和-5%~4%;日平均相对差别基本上呈现随机分布特征。TOMS算法反演的卫星臭氧总量与地基差别总体上要优于与DOAS算法反演的同期产品。地基与卫星臭氧总量差别呈明显的区域特点,可能反映了卫星反演计算中所需的臭氧、温度垂直分布等初始条件的纬度分布差异对卫星产品精度的影响。在过去30年,4个站点的臭氧总量在经历1993年前的显著降低后于1995—1996年逐渐回升,而瓦里关站在2001年前后的回升更为明显。 相似文献
7.
1990～2002年北京地区大气臭氧垂直分布Umkehr观测反演研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于标准Umkehr反演算法, 利用北京地区Dobson仪器逆转观测资料, 反演计算出臭氧垂直分布.在反演过程中加入气溶胶订正因子, 使反演结果更加合理.利用臭氧垂直分布反演结果, 研究1990～2002年北京地区臭氧垂直分布特征和变化情况.结果表明在1992年秋季和1993年春季期间, 在10.3～23.5 km范围内臭氧浓度有较大幅度降低, 造成了这个期间月平均臭氧总量的明显偏低; 1990年到2002年期间, 臭氧总量的变化呈现出缓慢下降趋势, 但不同高度臭氧含量的变化趋势有所不同. 相似文献
8.
大气臭氧总量的经验计算方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
白建辉 《南京气象学院学报》2006,29(6):799-805
依据臭氧生消与紫外辐射(UV)能量利用相互作用的观点,考虑与臭氧有关的主要因子UV、大气中物质在化学和光化学反应中对UV能量的吸收、气溶胶粒子的散射等,在分析1990—1992年臭氧总量、太阳辐射、气象资料的基础上,建立了计算臭氧总量的经验模式,其优点是所用资料均可由常规气象站获得。结果表明,计算值与观测值符合得比较好。利用该经验模式计算了北京地区1979年1月—1996年6月的臭氧总量,计算值与观测值同样比较一致,二者相对偏差的最大值、最小值、平均值分别为15.2%、0.05%和4.9%,相对偏差在±10%之内的比例为91.4%,因而该经验模式是合理、可行的。1991年之后北京地区臭氧的下降与Pinatubo火山气溶胶的影响有关。 相似文献
9.
10.
大气臭氧变化在全球气候和环境中具有重要作用,是当今大气科学领域的重要研究对象之一。对比分析了中国科学院大气物理研究所河北香河大气综合观测试验站2014～2016年Dobson和Brewer两种臭氧总量观测仪器探测结果的一致性,并使用1979～2016年Dobson观测数据分析了香河地区臭氧总量的长期变化趋势。结果表明:进行有效温度修正后,两种臭氧总量仪器观测结果一致性较好,平均偏差仅为-0.14DU(多布森单位),平均绝对偏差为8.00 DU,标准差为36.09 DU,相关系数达0.964。整体来说,两类仪器观测臭氧总量吻合较好。SO2浓度对Dobson仪器数据精度有一定影响,两组仪器数据在SO2浓度为0～0.2DU、0.2～0.4DU和0.4DU大气条件情况下的平均偏差分别为4.8 DU、7.0 DU和8.0 DU,平均偏差随SO2浓度升高而增大。过去38年香河地区的臭氧总量季节差异性强,春、冬两季臭氧总量高,夏、秋两季臭氧总量相对低,季节变化趋势差异明显。从长期变化上看,臭氧总量变化波动有不同的周期,在4个大的时间段变化趋势不同,2000～2010年臭氧层有显著恢复,但最近几年又有变薄的趋势。 相似文献
11.
A two-step method is employed in this study to retrieve vertical ozone profiles using scattered measure- ments from the limb of the atmosphere. The combination of the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) and the Multiplicative Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (MART) is proposed. First, the limb radiance, measured over a range of tangent heights, is processed using the DOAS technique to recover the effective column densities of atmospheric ozone. Second, these effective column densities along the lines of sight (LOSs) are inverted using the MART coupled with a forward model SCIATRAN (radiative transfer model for SCIAMACHY) to derive the ozone profiles. This method is applied to Optical Spectrograph and Infra Red Imager System (OSIRIS) radiance, using the wavelength windows 571-617 nm. Vertical ozone profiles between 10 and 48 km are derived with a vertical resolution of 1 km. The results illustrate a good agreement with the cloud-free coincident SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) ozone measurements, with deviations less than ± 10% ( ± 5% for altitudes from 17 to 47 km). Furthermore, sensitivities of retrieved ozone to aerosol, cloud parameters and NO 2 concentration are also investigated. 相似文献
12.
分析了１９９３年１２月至１９９４年１１月的大气臭氧总量资料并与同纬度全球平均值进行比较，分析了大气臭氧总量的年变化、日变化和季节变化。结果表明，臭氧总量的年变化中有双峰特征，它的日变化则以中午时较高，早晚较低；季节变化以春季高，冬季低，与大气透明度的关系较为密切 相似文献
13.
AbstractThe influence of variations in atmospheric temperature and ozone profiles on the total ozone column (TOC) derived from a Brewer MKII spectrophotometer operating in Thessaloniki, Greece, is investigated using three different sets of ozone absorption cross-sections. The standard Brewer total ozone retrieval algorithm uses the Bass and Paur (1985) cross-sections without accounting for the temperature dependence of the ozone cross-sections which produces a seasonally dependent bias in the measured TOC. The magnitude of this temperature effect depends on the altitude where the bulk of the ozone absorption occurs. Radiosonde measurements for the period 2000 to 2010 combined with climatological ozone profiles were used to calculate the effective temperature of ozone absorption and investigate its effect on the retrieved ozone column. Three different ozone absorption cross-section spectra convolved with the instrument's slit function were used: those of Bass and Paur (hereafter BP), currently used in the standard Brewer retrieval algorithm; those of Brion, Daumont, and Malicet (Malicet et al., 1985; hereafter BDM); and the recently published set by Serdyuchenko et al. (2013 hereafter S13). The temperature dependence of the differential ozone absorption coefficient ranges between 0.09 and 0.13% per degree Celsius for BP, between ?0.11 and ?0.06% per degree Celsius for BDM, and between 0.018 to 0.022% per degree Celsius for S13, resulting in a seasonal bias in the derived TOC of up to 2%, 1.8%, and 0.4%, respectively. The temperature sensitivity of the differential ozone absorption coefficient for the Brewer spectrophotometer at Thessaloniki for the BP and BDM cross-sections is found to be within the range reported for other Brewer instruments in earlier studies, whereas the seasonal bias in TOC is minimized when using the new S13 cross-sections because of their small temperature dependence. 相似文献
14.
利用SAGE Ⅱ和HALOE臭氧垂直分布资料和TOMS臭氧总量资料, 研究我国北方(45°~55°N和35°~45°N范围), 东部(105°~135°E) 和西部(75°~105°E) 大气臭氧总量和垂直分布特征和差异。结果表明:我国北方东部冬季、春季和秋季臭氧总量明显大于西部, 主要表现在平流层臭氧极大值附近及其以下高度臭氧含量东部比西部明显偏大, 这种差异在冬、春季尤为明显; 随着纬度的降低, 冬季和秋季臭氧总量东、西部差异减小, 但春季臭氧总量东、西部差异没有明显改变; 夏季, 在45°~55°N范围, 东、西部臭氧分布没有明显差异, 但在35°~45°N范围, 臭氧分布东、西部差异较明显, 臭氧总量东、西部差异达到20.6 DU, 16 km以下臭氧柱总量东、西部差异达到12.8 DU。该文还对导致我国东、西部臭氧分布差异的原因进行了分析。 相似文献
15.
The new version （version 8） TOMS （Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer） ozone and noontime erythemal ultraviolet （UV） irradiance products are used to analyze their long-term changes in this paper. It is shown that the summer UV irradiance has increased significantly from Central China to the northern and western parts of China, especially in Central China near Chongqing, Shaanxi, and Hubei provinces; whereas the UV irradiance has decreased significantly in the southern part of China, especially in South China. In July, when UV irradiance is at its maximum and hence when the most serious potential damage may happen, the results indicate an increase in the UV irradiance in Central China and the Yangtze River- Huaihe River valley and a decrease in South China and the eastern part of North China. At the same time, the total ozone amount is lower over China in summer with the most serious depletion occurring in Northeast China and Northwest China. It is found that the thinning of the ozone layer is not the main reason for the UV irradiance trend in the eastern and southern parts of China, but that the rainfall and the related cloud variations may dominate the long-term changes of the UV irradiance there. In addition, the future UV irradiance trend in China is also estimated. 相似文献
16.
YANG Jingmei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2009,2(1):51-56
Based on the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II and the Halogen Occultation Ex-periment (HALOE) ozone profiles and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) total ozone data sets,the characteristics and variations of the vertical distribution of stratospheric ozone covering the latitude bands of 50oN±5oN,40oN±5oN,30oN±5oN,and 20oN±5oN and the longitude range of 75-135oE are investigated.The results indicate that the ozone distribution pattern over China not only has general behaviors,but also has particular char-acteristics.In view of the situation that ozone distribu-tions have substantial deviation from zonal symmetry in northern China,the differences of the vertical ozone dis-tribution between the east and the west part of northern China are studied.The results indicate that during winter,spring,and autumn,in the latitude bands of 50oN±5oN,40oN±5oN,ozone concentrations in the eastern part (105 -135oE) are obviously higher than those of the west (75-105oE) at the altitudes of ozone density maximum and below;during summer,in the latitude band of 50oN±5oN,the east-west ozone profile difference is small,but in the latitude band of 40oN±5oN,the east-west total ozone difference becomes as large as 14.0 DU,and the east-west ozone profile difference mainly exists in the lowermost stratosphere and troposphere. 相似文献
17.
A Possible Photochemical Link Between Stratospheric and Near-Surface Ozone on Swiss Mountain Sites in Late Winter 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Record high near-surface ozone concentrations at two elevated sites (Chaumont, 1140 m asl, and Rigi, 1030 m asl) in Switzerland were observed simultaneously with extremely low total ozone during a fair weather period in mid-February 1993. An analysis of ozone, temperature, humidity, and wind profiles suggests that the surface ozone peaks were most possibly generated within the region in a layer between about 1000 and 1500 m asl. Mean diurnal cycles of ozone concentration during the period shows a strong increase from late morning to late afternoon at Chaumont and at the same time a decrease at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl). The different diurnal ozone cycles can both be explained photochemically by taking into account the large difference in NOx concentrations (about two orders of magnitude) between the sites. Photochemical processes are also indicated by the diurnal cycles of NO2 and NO concentration. As a strong photochemical activity is not expected in mid-February at 47°N, we hypothesize that the extremely low total ozone played a role. Total ozone controls the amount of UV-B radiation reaching the troposphere and thus influences photochemical processes. Using a radiation model, we calculated an increase in ozone photolysis at Chaumont and Jungfraujoch of 73% and 83%, respectively, on the day with the lowest total ozone (243 DU) compared to average February conditions (335 DU). It is suggested that total ozone changes have the potential to stimulate photochemistry sufficiently to produce the observed surface ozone peaks at Chaumont and Rigi of 61 and 64 ppbv, respectively. A fog layer just below Chaumont during these days probably also influenced photochemistry, but on a smaller spatial scale. Our empirical results on the influence of changing UV radiation on tropospheric photochemistry are in close agreement with model studies of other groups. Although this case study represents unique conditions, a distinct anticorrelation between near-surface ozone at Chaumont and total ozone also appears in other years (1992–1997) when selecting fair weather days in mid-February. However, other influences cannot be excluded. The selected days provide evidence of a significant photochemical source of ozone in the mid-latitude lower troposphere in late winter. 相似文献
18.
漠河地区臭氧的观测和计算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1997年3月上旬,在黑龙江漠河地区对地面和整层臭氧、太阳辐射等进行了短期观测,以初步了解该地区臭氧和辐射的变化规律以及它们之间的相互关系.研究发现,漠河地区近地面臭氧日变化明显,其峰值出现在每日10:00(北京时间)左右,并早于紫外辐射(UV)峰值出现时间.整层大气臭氧总量的日变化特征不明显.基于UV能量守恒,建立了臭氧与其影响因子-光化学、散射、UV等因子之间较好的定量关系和经验模式,并将其用于计算地面、整层大气臭氧小时值和日平均值.结果表明,计算值与观测值吻合的都比较好,它们相对偏差的平均值分别为:地面臭氧小时值(11.9%)和日平均值(9.0%);整层大气臭氧小时值和日平均值-7.4%、1.8%.因此,地面和整层臭氧的经验算法是合理和可行的.利用散射辐射/直接辐射(D/S)和散射辐射/总辐射(D/Q)可以描述大气中的物质如气溶胶、云等的散射作用.采用D/Q表示散射作用可以提高地面臭氧和整层大气臭氧计算的准确度,特别是对云量较大的情况.
相似文献