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1.
云对中国区域卫星观测臭氧总量精度影响的检验分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据卫星和地基观测, 比较了我国香河、 昆明、 瓦里关和龙凤山四个站点臭氧总量自1979年以来的变化。卫星与地基观测的臭氧总量长期趋势比较一致, 表明臭氧总量均有下降趋势, 但是卫星与地基各自观测的结果仍存在着显著的差别。为研究卫星与地基臭氧总量的差别, 以地基观测臭氧总量为参考, 检验云对历史TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) 和GOME (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment) 臭氧总量精度的影响。结果显示: 云 (云量或云顶高度) 增加了卫星臭氧总量误差, 降低数据精度。随着地面云量的增加, TOMS、 GOME臭氧总量相对误差在上述四个地点呈现明显的上升趋势 (瓦里关最为明显), 但最大变化幅度没有超过2.0%。TOMS臭氧总量相对误差随地面云量变化呈现区域性特点, 香河与龙凤山 (代表着中纬度高臭氧总量区域)、 昆明与瓦里关 (代表中、 低纬度高原低臭氧总量区域) 分别为两个变化特点接近的区域。GOME臭氧总量相对误差与云之间关系的区域特征不明显。利用卫星遥测FRESCO (Fast Retrieval Scheme for Clouds from the Oxygen A\|band) 云信息检验GOME卫星臭氧总量精度的表明, 只有当云量大于5成后GOME臭氧总量才显示出相对误差增加的现象, 但无明显趋势; 随着FRESCO云顶高度的增加, GOME臭氧相对误差在香河、 瓦里关均呈现明显的上升趋势并有3%左右幅度的变化。TOMS臭氧总量相对误差随着地面有效反射率的增加而增大, 且误差幅度超过2%; TOMS\|N7臭氧总量比TOMS\|EP约高2.0%~3.0%。分析还表明, 云内和云以下臭氧柱浓度在反演的卫星臭氧总量中的贡献很可能被高估了。 相似文献
2.
FY-3卫星上搭载的紫外臭氧总量探测仪(Total Ozone Unit,TOU)是我国首台自主研制的用于全球臭氧总量监测的仪器,自2008年5月至今已有3台仪器搭载在气象卫星(FY-3A/FY-3B/FY-3C)上成功发射并在轨运行。TOU利用紫外波段进行臭氧总量反演,以获得全球臭氧的分布及其变化。2013年,针对我国灰霾、沙尘等气溶胶污染事件频发的环境问题,TOU紫外探测数据被成功用于吸收性气溶胶指数(AAI)的反演,之后TOU被用于我国吸收性气溶胶污染事件的监测,为沙尘、灰霾等的预报提供监测数据。对TOU的数据和产品的质量和应用进行了介绍,包括L1B数据、臭氧总量产品及AAI指数。在此基础上,根据现有仪器的不足,对后续仪器的发展方向进行了阐述。 相似文献
3.
目前使用的TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)大气臭氧资料大多为V7版本和V8版本,文章利用1978年11月至2001年12月的版本7和版本8算法反演得到的TOMS臭氧资料,比较分析了两个版本资料之间差异的时空分布特性。结果表明,TOMS公布的V8版本资料与V7版本资料虽然有较好的相关性,但是在数值上存在明显的时空分布差异,尤其在极区更为明显。 相似文献
4.
利用2005—2007年OMI(Ozone Monitoring Instrument)卫星的气溶胶指数AI(Aerosol In-dex),分析了沙尘传播的特征。结果表明,蒙古戈壁与北美西海岸地区(40°-50°N,120°-130°W)的AI指数之间有较高的相关性,两地具有源区和被影响区的关系。通过计算沙尘传播时间的滞后相关系数,得到从蒙古戈壁到美国西海岸的沙尘传播时间约为6～7天,且通过了99%信度。利用滞后相关系数,获取了沙尘传播信号,并对沙尘的远距离传播进行了预报。 相似文献
5.
本文选取多个臭氧总量观测站点,采用"三重制约法"分别对下列3组仪器观测臭氧总量数据进行统计分析,解算出不同观测资料的误差标准差,进而对比研究各种仪器的精度特征:1)1996~2003年期间地基WOUDC(World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre)观测网络仪器(包括Brewer、Dobson和Filter臭氧测量仪)与星载TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)和GOME(The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment)仪器;2)2004~2013年期间WOUDC与星载OMI(ozone monitoring instrument)和SCIAMACHY(scanning imaging absorption spectrometer for atmospheric chartography)仪器;3)2004~2013年期间地基SAOZ(Système D’Analyse par Observations Zénithales)与星载OMI和SCIAMACHY仪器。结果表明,1996~2003年期间TOMS V8和GOME观测精度相当,分别为7.6±2.8 DU/46(其中,7.6±2.8 DU为所分析站点观测资料的平均精度及其标准差,46为站点数目)和7.6±1.5 DU/46。TOMS V8观测精度优于TOMS V7(8.5±3.0 DU/46),验证了前者对后者有所改进。2004~2013年期间OMI和SCIAMACHY在WOUDC地基站点观测精度接近,分别为6.6±1.4 DU/21和6.0±1.6 DU/21。SAOZ地基仪器精度为8.4±3.6 DU/8。对于3类WOUDC地基仪器,Brewer站点观测资料的平均精度最优(7.9±3.3 DU/12),Dobson次之(8.7±2.3 DU/19),Filter最差(14.7±4.0 DU/15)。相比于卫星,3种地面仪器观测平均精度较差(10.5±4.3 DU/46),这主要是由于Filter精度较差引起。中国境内的瓦里关(Brewer)、香河(Dobson)和昆明(Dobson)3个地基站点仪器观测精度均较优,分别为7.8 DU、6.7 DU和6.6 DU。尽管不同站点之间存在一定差异,但整体来说,地基与卫星仪器在中国境内3个站点观测臭氧总量吻合较好。 相似文献
6.
利用卫星观测臭氧总含量TOMS(第7版)资料,分析了平流层臭氧含量的变化特征,结果表明,全球臭氧总含量呈下降趋势,准两年振荡是臭氧变化中除年周期外的最显著的变化周期. 相似文献
7.
根据Brewer和TOMS资料分析、验证瓦里关地区大气臭氧总量变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对1 9 9 3年9月~2 0 0 3年1 1月瓦里关地区(3 6.1 7°N,1 0 0.5 3°E)Brewer资料和TOMS资料的比较分析,结果表明:1)瓦里关Brewer臭氧光谱仪的观测数据与卫星的TOMS观测数据之间存在一定的差异,两者的差异8 0%以上集中在-2.5%~2.5%之间;2)1 9 9 3~2 0 0 3年瓦里关地区的大气臭氧总量有着明显的下降趋势,这与北半球中纬度地区观测到的平流层臭氧减少的趋势相吻合;3)瓦里关地区大气臭氧总量存在明显的年际变化和季节变化,且每年的2~4月较高,8~1 0月较低,一年中振荡的幅度达到6 0 DU;4)TOMS两个版本的观测数据与地面观测结果呈现出较好的一致性和相关性,相关系数达到0.9以上。 相似文献
8.
利用东亚酸沉降监测网(EANET)、WMO全球温室气体数据中心(WDCGG)的观测资料和TOMS、MODIS卫星观测资料,对MOZART-4大气化学输送模式进行了评估.结果表明,MO-ZART-4对东亚地区近地面二次污染物O3、一次污染物CO和CH4的模拟值与观测值具有较好的一致性,其中低纬海洋观测站的相关系数最高达到0.93,高纬Mondy站的相关系数最低,但也达到0.56;采用统计学相关性分析法检验了O3模拟值与观测值的总体相关性,三种检验方法均说明模拟值与观测值总体是相关的,且低纬海洋观测站的相关性最高.根据各观测站模拟值与观测值的相关性及地理位置等,将东亚划分为5个区,5个区域中对流层O3总量的模拟值与TOMS卫星观测值能够很好地匹配,但由于对流层顶的不确定性,使得模拟结果存在小的偏差.对比气溶胶光学厚度四季气候平均模拟结果与MODIS资料显示,模式能够模拟出卫星资料中东亚地区的高值区,模拟结果存在的偏差主要是模式排放源和模拟结果的分辨率较低以及某些地区特殊的地形导致的. 相似文献
9.
利用1996年9月至2004年9月卫星观测臭氧总含量TOMS(第8版)资料,对全球60°S至60°N和北半球0°~60°N大气臭氧总量分布进行了分析,给出了大气臭氧总量的季节纬度变化特征;通过对位于我国40°N附近不同经度上北京、敦煌和丹东3个代表站大气臭氧总量的分布与演变状况的分析,给出了中国40°N附近大气臭氧总量的时空演变特征。研究结果显示:北半球臭氧总量的季节变化和分布随着纬度变化有明显的特征;中国40°N附近的北京、敦煌及丹东大气臭氧总量在不同时间尺度上变化特征比较一致,但也存在一定的差异。 相似文献
10.
我国臭氧总量的时空分布特征 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
根据臭氧总量的地理分布特征,把我国划分成7个区域,利用卫星观测的TOMS和SBUV资料对这7个区域上空的臭氧总量多年(1979—2003年)的纬向偏差分布、年际变化、周期分布等特征进行了分析。结果表明,东部地区的臭氧总量常年大于西部地区的臭氧总量,青藏高原、西北高原与东部同纬度地区相比,在夏季差别最大,冬季最小。四川盆地上空的臭氧总量常年比周围地区要高。研究还表明,每个区域都存在准2 a、4~5 a和8~10 a的周期振荡。 相似文献
11.
Long-term record of global distribution of ozone during 1979 to 2001, from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS), over a tropical urban environment has been analyzed and compared with ground measurements. Increase in atmospheric UV-absorbing aerosol loading has been observed after 1991. TOMS columnar ozone during 1979 to 2001 suggested a clear Gaussian pattern of minimum concentration in winter months and maximum in summer months. TOMS ozone showed good correlation with the ground measured columnar ozone during winter months and negative correlation with Sunburning Ultraviolet (SUV) (280–370 nm), UVA and aerosol optical depth (AOD). 相似文献
12.
近30a北极平流层臭氧的季节和年际变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合利用1978-2011年TOMS（Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer）和OMI（Ozone Monitoring Instrument）臭氧总量资料,MLS（Microwave Limb Sounder）臭氧廓线资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析气象场资料,对比研究了近30a南北极臭氧总量的年际变化和季节变化差异,重点分析了2010/2011年冬末春初北极臭氧出现的异常损耗现象,探讨北极春季臭氧低值产生的原因。结果表明：与南极地区一年四季都保持一个臭氧低值中心明显不同,北极臭氧总量的减少则是伴随着整个春夏季（4-8月）,在秋季（10月）达到最低值,冬季（11月-次年2月）北极臭氧快速恢复,这主要是由于南北半球极地地区环流差异和温度差异造成的。南北两极年均O3总量呈下降趋势,两极地区O3总量年际变化最大的季节是春季。近30a,北极在1997和2011年春季（3-4月）分别达到极低值355DU和361DU,但近年来两极臭氧年际变化趋势不明显。2011年春季,北极地区出现的较严重臭氧低值现象从3月中旬至4月中旬持续了近1个月,2010/2011年冬春季平流层低温和臭氧低值对应关系很好。 相似文献
13.
利用中分辨率光谱仪(MODIS)获得的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)、细粒子比例(FMF)和臭氧检测仪(OMI)获得的气溶胶指数(AI)统计分析了2005—2014年我国华东地区气溶胶光学性质的时空分布特征,同时利用潜在源分析(PSCF)模型对我国华东地区AOD和AI的潜在源区进行分析。研究结果表明:华东地区的AOD、FMF和AI时空分布存在较大的差异,2005—2014年AOD和AI的平均值高值主要分布在华东地区北部,FMF的高值区则分布在华东南部地区;10 a间华东地区AOD呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,FMF波动幅度不明显,AI值有所上升;整个华东地区AOD的季节变化较为明显,春夏两季AOD明显高于秋冬两季。华东北部和中部地区夏季由于较高的相对湿度,AOD最大可达0.8以上。而在华东南部地区,夏季受到降水的影响,AOD维持在0.2~0.4之间。FMF季节变化趋势与AOD不同,夏季最大达到0.58,春季最小仅为0.26。AI平均值在冬季最大高达0.63,夏季最小,为0.27。PSCF分析显示华东地区AOD主要源区以局地排放为主,同时也存在由河南、湖北和湖南等周边省市近距离输送影响;AI以局地和北方远距离输送为主,同时也受到河南、湖北等周边省市近距离输送的影响。 相似文献
14.
The Northern Path of Asian Dust Transport from the Gobi Desert to North America 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 CHEN Ke-Yi 《大气和海洋科学快报》2010,3(3):155-159
The aerosol index (AI) of the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) satellite data (1979 2001) was analyzed to reveal the climatological long-distance path of dust transport from Asia to North America. The AI in the west coast of the United States is highly correlated with that in the Gobi desert. Additionally, from the TOMS satellite images, it can be seen that very strong plumes advect from Asia to the west coast of North America in typical dust storm cases. When applying the sourcereceptor relationship to detect the northern dust transport path between the Gobi source region and the west coast of the United States receptor region, it is evident that the dust plume can be transported northward beyond 60°N from its source region and that it takes 5 to 6 days to reach the west coast of the United States. The cross correlation technique shown in this work is a useful tool that can be applied in other regions to give useful insights into relationships between major dust sources and downwind receptor locations by using remotely sensed dust observations. 相似文献
15.
Evaluation of the trend uncertainty in summer ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau in three reanalysis datasets 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Dong Guo Yucheng Su Xiuji Zhou Jianjun Xu Chunhua Shi Yu Liu Weiliang Li Zhenkun Li 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2017,31(2):431-437
Trend uncertainty in the ozone valley over the Tibetan Plateau (OVTP) and the South Asian high (SAH) during 1979–2009 in ERA-Interim (interim reanalysis data from the ECMWF), JRA-55 (55-yr reanalysis data from the Japan Meteorological Agency), and NCEP-CFSR (Climate Forecast System Reanalysis) datasets was evaluated. The results showed that the NCEP-CFSR OVTP became strong in the summers of 1979–2009, whereas it became weak according to ERA-Interim and JRA-55. Satellite data merged with TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) agreed with the OVTP trend of NCEP-CFSR. The OVTP strengthening in NCEP-CFSR may have been caused by SAH intensification, a rising tropopause, and increasing ozone over non-TP (non-Tibetan Plateau) areas (27°–37°N, < 75°E and > 105°E). Analogously, the OVTP weakening in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 may have been affected by weakening SAH, descending tropopause, and decreasing non-TP ozone. 相似文献
16.
Comparison of Aerosol Single Scattering Albedo Derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument with Aerosol Robotic Network Observations 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The single-scattering albedo (SSA), which quantifies radiative absorption capability, is an important optical property of aerosols. Ground-based methods have been extensively exploited to determine aerosol SSA but there were no satellite-based SSA measurements available until the advent of advanced remote sensing techniques, such as the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Although the overall accuracy of OMI SSA is estimated to approach 0.1, its regional availability is unclear. Four-year SSA daily measurements from three Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites in China (Xianghe, Taihu, and Hong Kong) are chosen to determine the accuracy of OMI SSA in specific locations. The results show that on a global scale, the OMI SSA is systematically higher (with a mean relative bias of 3.5% and a RMS difference of ~0.06) and has poor correlation with the AERONET observations. In the Xianghe, Taihu, and Hong Kong sites, the correlation coefficients are 0.16, 0.47, and 0.44, respectively, suggesting that the distinct qualities of OMI SSA depend on geographic locations and/or dominant aerosol environments. The two types of SSA data yield the best agreement in Taihu and the worst in Hong Kong; the differing behavior is likely caused by varying levels of cloud contamination. The good consistency of the aerosol variation between the two SSA datasets on a seasonal scale is promising. These findings suggest that the current-version OMI SSA product can be applied to qualitatively characterize climatological variations of aerosol properties despite its limited accuracy as an instantaneous measurement. 相似文献
17.
This paper examines the teleconnection between the Arctic Oscillation Index (AO) and dust activities in the Tarim Basin [in terms of the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Aerosol Index (AI) level]. In this study, High Dust Active years (H) and Low Dust Active years (L) in terms of dust loading are identified. Composites of geopotential height at both 850 and 500 hPa level show that, the geopotential height level of H years is generally lower than the average, especially over the south end of the Central Siberian Plateau. The geopotential height level of L years is generally higher than the average, especially over the same region of Siberia. By correlating the AO and TOMS AI with geopotential height at different pressure levels, a South Siberia Geopotential Height Index (SSGI) is constructed. A strong positive correlation is found between AO and SSGI. Strong negative correlations are found between TOMS AI and AO, and between TOMS AI and SSGI. Through investigating the relation among these three measures (TOMS AI, AO and SSGI), we found that in the positive phase of AO, geopotential gradient between the inside and outside of the basin is small. The northerly wind from Siberia is weak and decreases when it encounters the north barrier of the basin. As a result, dust activities in the Tarim Basin is weak and Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE) level measured in the basin is lower. In the negative phase of AO, geopotential gradient between the inside and outside of the basin is big. The northerly wind from Siberia is strong, and passes the north barrier of the basin. When it encounters the Tibetan Plateau, a component of the wind goes into the basin. During this process, the wind accelerates given the higher pressure gradient. As a result, dust activities in the Tarim Basin are frequent and intensive, and the EKE level in the basin is higher. 相似文献
18.
Data on aerosol optical thickness(AOT) and single scattering albedo(SSA) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI) measurements,respectively,are used jointly to examine the seasonal variations of aerosols over East Asia.The seasonal signals of the total AOT are well defined and nearly similar over the land and over the ocean.These findings indicate a natural cycle of aerosols that originate primarily from natural emissions. In contrast,the small-sized aerosols represented by the fine-mode AOT,which are primarily generated over the land by human activities,do not have evident seasonalscale fluctuations.A persistent maximum of aerosol loadings centered over the Sichuan basin is associated with considerable amounts of fine-mode aerosols throughout the year.Most regions exhibit a general spring maximum. During the summer,however,the aerosol loadings are the most marked over north central China.This occurrence may result from anthropogenic fine particles,such as sulfate and nitrate.Four typical regions were selected to perform a covariation analysis of the monthly gridded AOT and SSA.Over southwestern and southeastern China,if the aerosol loadings are small to moderate they are composed primarily of the highly absorptive aerosols. However,more substantial aerosol loadings probably represent less-absorptive aerosols.The opposite covariation pattern occurring over the coastal-adjacent oceans suggests that the polluted oceanic atmosphere is closely correlated with the windward terrestrial aerosols.North central China is strongly affected by dust aerosols that show moderate absorption.This finding may explain the lower variability in the SSA that accompanies increasing aerosol loadings in this region. 相似文献