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1 普及预审知识 ,及时纠正班内错情不仅预审员要熟悉预审办法 ,其他人员也要知道预审知识。预审员在预审过程中发现问题后应及时讲解记录的矛盾及其原因 ,并联系实际记录 ,使大家分清记录的真伪、出错范围、个人习惯等 ,引以为戒。要让每个观测员都学会对观测数据的分析和判断 ,发现反常记录要会利用自记记录进行校核 ,同时联系天气现象、日照等的相互关系进行互相校核 ,最后确定合理或不合理的因素 ,及时确定记录的正确与否 ,保证班内的记录质量。2 与自记记录对比分析做出判断气象自记仪器是连续记录气象要素变化的 ,在一定程度上能客观… 相似文献
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1预审工作中比较方法的哲学含义
在自动观测和人工观测并行,以人工观测为主的情况下,预审员作为气象台站测报工作的实际参加者和观测质量的把关者,在严把三关（即计算、抄录、校对）的同时,其主要的工作就是找矛盾,然后对矛盾记录作出正确判断和处理。可以说找矛盾是预审工作的中心环节,而矛盾记录只有通过比较的方法才能发现。有比较才有鉴别,对气象记录的相互比较,是预审工作中最常用最普遍也是最有效的一种分析方法。 相似文献
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地面气象记录月报表，是国家基准站所积累的气象要素资料原始档案，它是国家经济和国防建设必不可少的财富，基准站加密观测的气象要素资料，还为黔北各气象台站延长历史气象要素资料提供了可比性较强的对比资料。桐样基准站建站四年多来，为达到省局微机编制报表的要求，必须适应人机结合。做到时效要求快，又要确保报表质量出门合格。为达到这一要求，基准站经过人员调整。确定我专职预审报表，我边学边干．经过几年努力，已能适应此项工作，报表质量出站合格率大大提高．现浅谈预审工作的体会，供同行参考．1知难而上在测报工作中，基准… 相似文献
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测报工作是气象工作的基础,它为天气预报,气象服务,气候分析和科学研究提供重要依据,全面提高测报质量是做好气象服务工作的前提。要想全面提高测报工作质量首先必须加强领导,严把地面气象观测质量关,业务局长、测报组长和预审员要高度负责,带领全组人员严格执行各项规章制度,全面提高业务人员的整体素质,确保资料的连续性、准确性。同时预审员在资料的正确性上要严把质量关,首先对技术性的问题要做到心中有数,了如指掌,要有广博的业务知识。对资料整理要每个数据进行把关,来不得半点马虎,只有这样才能保证观测资料的正确无误。 相似文献
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蒸发量的影响因素及异常数据的分析处理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文利用南宁和上林两站不同蒸发器测量蒸发量的情况,通过对比分析发现蒸发量因数据异常作缺测处理的记录大都是受强降水影响造成,其次,就是由于操作不当造成数据异常的现象较多。在地面气象观测中,蒸发量是最容易、最多出现异常现象的观测气象要素。如何对异常记录作出正确的判断处理。笔者从三十多年的工作中总结了几种对异常记录的分析判断及处理方法,并特别介绍蒸发量的分级计算公式,供大家日常工作参考。 相似文献
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自动站与人工站数据对比分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
由于仪器工作原理、数据观测时间以及数据采样方式与样本数的不同，人工站与自动站观测的数据存在着明显的差异。通过两组数据的对比分析，对误差原因进行了初步诊断，认为自动站对气象要素的反映更接近实际。 相似文献
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我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格. 相似文献
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Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G. Terence Meaden S. Kochev L. Kolendowicz A. Kosa-Kiss Izolda Marcinoniene Michalis Sioutas Heino Tooming John Tyrrell 《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):446-449
2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness. 相似文献
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准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。 相似文献
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The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features. 相似文献
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流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：10
本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用. 相似文献
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由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张德二 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(2):126-130
2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡. 相似文献
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Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over
the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature
(SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds.
Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early)
onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in
these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly
correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with
respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases.
The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by
the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America
during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region.
The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple
regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation
coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill
to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully
predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed.
Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002 相似文献
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Chunguang CUI Wen ZHOU Hao YANG Xiaokang WANG Yi DENG Xiaofang WANG Guirong XU Jingyu WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):711-724
Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230... 相似文献