共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
根据国家海洋局1990~2003年《中国海洋灾害公报》中我国沿海赤潮的相关资料,分析了我国赤潮的时空分布特点,我国近几年赤潮发生增长较快,几乎全年都有发生,主要集中在5~9月,沿海各省都有赤潮发生,浙江省、长江口一带最盛。对浙江舟山沿海发生赤潮时的气象要素研究表明,其主要特点是湿度大、气压低、日照时间长、风向偏东居多。赤潮发生时的3个天气形势特征:高空西北偏西气流;地面一般为均压场,气压低;在我国东部沿海地区近地层有很大的东西向温度梯度,并分析了这样的形势适合赤潮发生的原因。 相似文献
3.
利用2016-2018年库尔勒气象站迁站前后基本气象要素的观测资料进行对比分析,结果显示：(1)平均气温、平均最低气温年、月值均是新站低于旧站,年值分别低2.1℃和4.1℃,年平均最高气温持平；春季气温差值变化相对较小,夏、秋、冬季气温差值变化相对偏大。(2)各月相对湿度新站大于旧站,各季相对湿度差值夏季最大,年平均相对湿度新站比旧站高11%。(3)平均气压新站高于旧站,年平均气压差值为3.2pha。各季差值冬季最大,(4)平均风速新站比旧站偏大0.1m/s,春季、夏季风速大于其他季节；最大风速新站比旧站偏大1.3-6.2m/s；主导风向由ENE转为E。(5)年平均气温、最低气温、平均湿度和年平均气压,迁站前后资料有显著差异,年平均最高气温、平均风速无显著差异。(6)测站周围环境、海拔高度、下垫面、地形等因素是造成新旧站气象要素差异的主要原因。 相似文献
4.
利用2016年1—12月镇巴国家基本气象站新站(以下简称新站)与旧站(以下简称旧站)平行观测资料,进行逐月对比分析并利用双样本等方差检验方法进行检验,结果表明:新站年平均气温比旧站低0.9℃,新站年平均气压比旧站低21.7 hPa,新站年平均相对湿度比旧站偏小1.8%,新站年平均风速比旧站大0.7 m/s;海拔高度差是造成新旧站温度、气压、风速差异的主要原因,下垫面性质的不同是造成相对湿度差异的主要原因;在使用新、旧站气温、气压、相对湿度数据时需要做好两站数据的均一性处理;新、旧站的风向、风速未显示出明显的相关性,资料均一性较差。 相似文献
5.
选取墨玉新旧站2017年逐小时气温、相对湿度、风速3个气象观测要素进行差值分析，同时选择旧站1966—2013年与新站2014—2021年的月平均数据做t检验。结果表明：(1)墨玉新旧站气温、相对湿度和风速差值均呈偏态分布，气温差值分布较分散，仅有38.68%的差值在-1～1℃，相对湿度和风速差值分布较集中，58.91%的相对湿度差值在-10%～10%,79%的风速差值在-1～1 m·s-1。(2)新站平均气温低于旧站，全年平均气温差值为-1.7℃；新站平均相对湿度和平均风速大于旧站，全年平均相对湿度差和平均风速差分别为11%和0.3 m·s-1。(3)经t检验，在0.05的显著性条件下，3种要素均存在断点，需进一步订正。平均气温在1、2、7、9月连续，平均相对湿度在1—3月和10—12月连续，平均风速仅3月连续。 相似文献
6.
利用2011—2012年盖州市大气能见度和地面气象要素(相对湿度、风速、气温、气压)的观测资料,分析了盖州地区大气能见度月和日的变化特征及大气能见度与气象要素的相关性。结果表明:盖州市大气高能见度事件多出现在3月和10月,低能见度事件多出现在6—8月;夏季能见度最低,14时能见度最大,20时能见度比08时略小。大气能见度与相对湿度相关性最大,与风速和气温相关性次之,与气压相关性最差;当相对湿度80.0%时,能见度最低值为10.4±3.2km,大气能见度与气压、气温、相对湿度的相关系数分别为-0.52、0.51和-0.52;其中较高的气温、较大的相对湿度、较小的风速及较低的气压是盖州地区低能见度(10km)事件发生的主要气象条件。 相似文献
7.
8.
福建沿海赤潮灾害气象预报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据福建沿海2001～2008年赤潮灾害资料以及相应时期的气象数据,寻找与赤潮灾害发生密切相关的气象因子,分析赤潮灾害发生期间的地面及不同高度的天气形势,并探讨南方涛动指数与赤潮灾害发生的关系,在此基础上根据前期气温、风、云及海况进行福建沿海赤潮灾害气象预报。研究结果表明,福建沿海的风、气温、湿度、日照和气压等气象因子与赤潮的发生存在着密切的关系,但不同海区影响赤潮发生的主要气象因子不尽相同,低层850 hPa和地面形势能较好地反映福建沿海赤潮发生的天气背景,南方涛动指数与第2年赤潮发生日数有着很好的对应关系,二者相关系数为-0.745。 相似文献
9.
福州市PM10突变特征与气象条件的关系研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
利用2004～2006年福州市PM10逐日资料,及同期地面气象要素资料和08时850 hPa天气图资料,采用统计分析方法,综合分析了PM10发生突变时气象条件的变化特征,结果表明:当地面气象要素场出现气压下降、风速下降、温度上升、相对湿度上升、降水量下降或出现气压上升、风速下降、温度下降、相对湿度下降、降水量下降的配置时PM10易发生正突变;当出现气压上升、风速上升、温度下降、相对湿度维持、降水量上升或出现气压下降、风速上升、温度上升、相对湿度上升、降水量上升的配置时PM10易发生负突变;当受大陆高压后部、暖区辐合系统影响时,PM10发生正突变的概率较高,受切变线、大陆高压前部系统影响时,PM10发生负突变的概率较高. 相似文献
10.
将造成经济损失的热带气旋定义为致灾气旋。基于气象观测站的逐日气压、风速和降水量数据确定致灾气旋阈值,结合区域气候模式COSMO-CLM(CCLM)在1961—2100年的输出资料,预估致灾气旋发生频数及其风速与降水量,分析全球升温1.5 ℃与2.0 ℃情景下,中国东南沿海地区致灾气旋时空变化特征。结果表明:(1) 1986—2015年,东南沿海地区致灾气旋发生频数共计180个,整体呈上升趋势,平均风速和降水量分别为8.7 m/s和129.8 mm,对浙江东部及广东东部沿海影响最严重。(2)全球升温1.5 ℃,2020—2039年致灾气旋频数将由基准期(1986—2005年)的111个上升至138个,增加区域主要位于广东省西南地区及福建省南部地区;平均风速和降水量分别上升15%和17%,至8.4 m/s和109.9 mm,以福建省沿海地区增加最明显。(3)全球升温2.0 ℃,2040—2059年致灾气旋频数较1986—2005年增加33%,将达148个;风速上升32%,以浙江省东部、福建和广东省接壤的沿海地区及广东省南部增幅最大;降水量上升35%,以福建与广东省接壤的沿海地区及广东省西南地区增加明显。(4)相比升温1.5 ℃,全球气温额外升高0.5 ℃,东南沿海地区致灾气旋频数及其风速与降水量将分别上升9%、17%和18%。努力将温升控制在1.5 ℃,对降低致灾气旋频率和强度增加所导致的影响具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
16.
17.
<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献