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1.
区域中尺度模式对西南地区一次强降水过程的预报分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了认识区域数值模式对西南地区降水预报能力,探索降水预报误差原因,本文应用MICAP资料,NCEP再分析资料,FY-2E辐射亮温资料,自动站资料,西南涡加密观测资料等,针对2012年7月2～5日西南地区一次强降水过程,分析了西南区域中心运行的WRF模式和GRAPES中尺度模式的预报能力,得到：（1）两模式不同程度反映了本次强降水过程.相对而言,WRF模式的预报略好于GRAPES,得益于WRF模式对对流层中低层温度、水汽、流场等演变的较好反映.（2）两模式预报对流层中低层温度偏差总体呈现正偏差,GRAPES模式呈现较大的温度偏差,正偏差特征更显著.两模式不同程度出现空报降水,特别是在高原东南坡.GRAPES模式空报雨区特征更明显.（3）两模式预报近地层湿度较实况大,都预报高原南坡,特别是高原东南坡风场辐合、水汽场辐合偏强,可能是造成虚假降水的主要原因.（4）较实况,WRF模式预报对流层高层的高压和对流层中低层的低压系统偏强,GRAPES模式预报西南低空急流偏强（可能是引起温度正偏差的原因）,两个模式预报的对流层正涡度较深厚,辐合上升运动强,这些可能是造成降水预报偏差的原因. 相似文献
2.
多模式对四川一次强降水过程不确定性预报分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文就2008年“5.12”四川大地震后,5月25~26日四川盆地出现的一次强降水过程,比较分析成都区域中心运行的3个区域(GRAPES、AREM和MM5)模式降水预报情况以及各模式预报的物理量场和大气状况的演变,得到:模式就不同起报时间,对同一时间段的降水预报效果是不一样的,初始场获取的大气信息对预报有着重要作用;模式预报的降水落区与物理量的垂直时间演变密切相关;各模式大气初始场差异及随时间演变决定了各模式降水预报差异。 相似文献
3.
利用AREM(-YWand SY)、T213L31、JAPAN三个模式对2008年夏半年(5~11月)西南地区(25°~34.5°N,97°~110.5°E)降水预报进行了统计检验,并对其中两次强降水过程的预报效果进行对比分析,以期了解各模式在西南地区的预报效果及特点,结果表明:(1)小雨-大雨量级JAPAN模式预报情况较好,暴雨量级T213L31、JAPAN、AREM均预报较好,大暴雨量级AREM-SY模式预报较好。(2)对西南地区的降水预报,T213L31预报偏强情况较多,AREM预报偏弱情况多,JAPAN预报相对适中。(3)在西南地区,当降水陡增(即实况降水量较前一天大一个量级以上,且雨量比前一天多5 mm以上)和其后强降水持续阶段,是各模式预报偏弱情况最可能发生的时期,同时也是各模式预报效果较差的时段。(4)三个模式在青藏高原东南缘地区均有降水空报现象,AREM模式的降水空报与其在此处存在低涡空报有关。(5)对于西南低涡这一尺度小、结构复杂的特殊天气系统,当前模式对其强度、位置和诱发的强降水预报效果仍有待提高。 相似文献
4.
成都区域气象中心业务数值预报产品检验分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
依据国家气象中心T213、T639全球模式、成都区域中心实时运行的AREM、GRAPES和MM5中尺度数值模式预报结果,对2008年5～9月进行了日降水量和2m温度检验。结果表明：（1）模式对昆明、南京、广州、长沙、北京和郑州温度预报优于温江、兰州和拉萨站,其中拉萨站温度预报与实况偏差最大,即模式对我国中部及南部地区温度预报与实况近似程度高于西部地区。（2）东部地区中雨及以上量级降水评分高于西部,西部4个城市中以昆明站评分最高,反映模式对我国西部城市降雨预报能力偏弱。 相似文献
5.
成都区域气象中心业务数值预报产品检验分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
依据国家气象中心T213、T639全球模式、成都区域中心实时运行的AREM、GRAPES和MM5中尺度数值模式预报结果,对2008年5~9月进行了日降水量和2m温度检验。结果表明:(1)模式对昆明、南京、广州、长沙、北京和郑州温度预报优于温江、兰州和拉萨站,其中拉萨站温度预报与实况偏差最大,即模式对我国中部及南部地区温度预报与实况近似程度高于西部地区。(2)东部地区中雨及以上量级降水评分高于西部,西部4个城市中以昆明站评分最高,反映模式对我国西部城市降雨预报能力偏弱。 相似文献
6.
基于GRAPES数值预报模式对贵州暴雨过程的模式运用研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用我国新一代数值预报模式GRAPES对2004年夏季贵州3次暴雨过程进行了模拟试验，模拟结果表明，GRAPES模式对贵州夏季降水过程的模拟结果有差别，对降水过程和中尺度系统模拟较好，能模拟出降水的落区和大小分布，但对局地强降水的模拟能力较差，降水大小的模拟存在偏差，模拟的降水较实况降水偏小。 相似文献
7.
应用GRAPES模式对贵州暴雨过程的模拟试验 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
利用我国新一代数值预报模式GRAPES（Global／Reglional Assimilationand Prediction Enhanced System），对2004年发生在贵州的3次强降水过程，即6月23—24日、7月17—18日和7月21—22日的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟，并与实况资料进行对比分析。模拟结果表明：GRAPES模式成功地模拟了这几次降水过程中的主要天气系统的位置和移动过程，如西南低涡的加强、较强的低空急流、低空气流辐合以及高空槽过境等，因此较好地模拟出暴雨的落区和分布特征。但对强降水的模拟与实况有一定差异，对局地暴雨的模拟偏小。模拟试验分析可见：GRAPES模式对贵州暴雨有预报能力，有较好的参考作用。 相似文献
8.
利用AREM中尺度数值模式,对2005年7月8日四川盆地大暴雨天气过程进行了数值模拟,比较分析了AREM模式提供的不同降水方案、地表通量方案、地表辐射参数化方案对此次降水过程的模拟,以及对该过程中西南低涡活动特征的模拟。试验结果表明:各方案较好地反映了四川盆地西南部强降水,对其东北部的强降水模拟存在较大偏差;各方案模拟的涡度场和流场分布决定了降水区域分布;采用降水的显式云微物理过程和大尺度饱和凝结过程模拟的降水强度、低涡强度和低空急流有一定差异,后者模拟的偏强,与实况更接近;不同地表通量过程和地表辐射过程对降水、低涡和低空急流的模拟无明显差异。 相似文献
9.
利用武汉中心气象台研发的“武汉区域气象中心天气轨道业务产品检验与评估平台”,对武汉区域气象中心在业务中使用的T213、AREM、日本数值预报模式和德国数值预报模式在2007年主汛期的降水预报进行了分级降水检验以及时空分布演变综合评估。结果表明,日本数值预报模式的综合预报性能最好,AREM次好,各模式均存在对强降水预报漏报率偏大的问题;AREM模式对降水带分布和中心强度的预报与实况最接近,表现出对降水带分布较强的预报能力,其它模式对强降水中心位置及强度的预报均有一定偏差;四种数值模式对区域强降水过程的发展趋势具有较强的预报能力,但降水量预报与实况有一定的差距。 相似文献
10.
何光碧 《高原山地气象研究》2002,22(1)
疚难∪?001年6月28日四川盆地的首次暴雨过程和8月18日四川盆地的区域暴雨过程,比较了成都区域中心η模式和国家气象中心的HLAFS模式对其降水预报,表明数值模式对此降水过程有一定的预报能力,特别是区域η模式,无论在降水强度和落区上都较HLAFS模式预报要好. 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献