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WSR-81S数字化雷达对暴雨监测的分析研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用武汉WSR-81S数字化雷达回波资料结合卫星云图和地面中尺度观测资料,分析了1987～1994年4～9月份发生在雷达有效探测范围内的所有暴雨过程。揭示了云图上不同种类暴雨云团下的数字化雷达回波模式。根据暴雨雷达回波和地面中尺度系统的统计事实,分析了数字化雷达回波的动态运动与地面中尺度系统活动的关系。 相似文献
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1998年6月8～9日香港特大暴雨中尺度对流系统分析 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
利用卫星和多普勒雷达的高时空分辨率观测资料,对1998年6月8～9日香港暴雨过程中的中尺度对流系统进行分析,表明:(1)此次暴雨是冷锋前暖区的对流性降水,期间有3次强降水过程,每次维持时间2～5小时,中尺度对流系统是造成强降水的主要系统.(2)雷达回波强度与卫星云图对比发现,强回波区全位于云顶温度≤-32℃的云团内,但具体分布有两种情况:一种强回波区位于通常所说的发展强盛的α中尺度云团的边缘TBB等值线密集区,一种如尺度较小的线状强回波则位于两个β中尺度云团(云顶温度≤-52℃)之间.这利用常规观测资料是无法识别的.(3)分析单多普勒雷达反演的水平风场发现:大尺度的环境风场中,存在β中尺度系统的独立流场;中尺度云团内部的流场辐合与强回波带相对应. 相似文献
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以2007-2008年湖北省暴雨过程为研究对象,按区域性暴雨过程的定义,通过分析地面雨量资料筛选出32次区域性暴雨过程.在对比分析多普勒天气雷达反射率因子回波形态、结构、暴雨落区以及主要影响天气系统的基础上,概括了湖北省区域性暴雨雷达回波模型.结果表明:典型区域性暴雨雷达回波形态有逗点状暴雨回波、涡旋状暴雨回波、涡带结合型暴雨回波和带状暴雨回波等4类,它们分别与锋面上中尺度气旋波扰动、川东低涡系统的发展、低涡发展与梅雨锋结合和气旋波上准静止锋面切变线的形成等紧密相关. 相似文献
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受“凤凰”低压和冷空气共同影响, 2008年8月1~2日安徽省东部和江苏西部部分地区出现大雨, 局部地区暴雨到特大暴雨。滁州和全椒24 h雨量分别为429 mm和414 mm, 此次特大暴雨具有局地性和降水强度大的特点。使用南京和马鞍山双多普勒雷达时间同步观测资料, 对此次暴雨的三维风场进行反演, 在此基础上, 研究了暴雨的三维风场结构。由雷达回波分析可知, 此次暴雨是由β中尺度对流系统造成的, 在β中尺度对流系统内部还有γ中尺度对流单体, 对流单体发展非常旺盛。中低层切变线自西向东移入降水区后, 在该地区停留较长时间, 加之有充足的水汽供应, 造成了局地特大暴雨。在垂直剖面内, 对流系统发展旺盛, 强降水区上空回波较强且对应着较强的上升气流区, 而在强回波中心区的两侧均有下沉气流。当切变线减弱并移出降水区后, 强降水停止。 相似文献
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“98.7”武汉市特大暴雨的中尺度分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
使用红外云图、雷达回波、武汉市城区自动雨量站和地面中尺度观测资料，对1998年7月21－22日武汉市历史上罕见的特大暴雨进行了分析。概括了武汉市特大暴雨的时空分布，云图和雷达回波演变特征以及中尺度天气系统。为此后进行武汉市特大暴雨的预报提供有价值的参考依据。 相似文献
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暴雨是我地区灾害性天气之一,利用我站历年暴雨天气过程的回波资料进行定型分类,得出影响我区暴雨的雷达回波系统。 一、出现暴雨回波系统的测区划分 经分析得出,我测区内的暴雨回波出现有如下特点:第一,暴雨回波系统出现与暴雨在各地的出现相一致。第二,回波系统出现时间与实际降水起止时间有滞后性。第三,从跟踪观测资料得知暴雨回波系统出现在晚上。为此,将我探测区划分为4个不同的暴雨回波活动区(见图一) 相似文献
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香港特大暴雨β中尺度线状对流三维结构研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
β中尺度狭窄线状对流系统是造成锋前暖区暴雨的主要角色, 对其结构和机理的研究具有重要意义。作者使用高时空分辨率的多普勒雷达观测资料, 对1998年6月8～9日香港暴雨过程中的β中尺度的狭窄线状雨带进行流场、回波强度和散度的时空四维结构的深入剖析, 利用观测资料得到线状β中尺度对流系统的三维流场和水平散度结构, 发现线状β中尺度对流系统的水平散度垂直配置与低层强降水回波之间存在一定的关系, 并给出发展和成熟阶段中线状β中尺度对流系统的流场和散度场配置的基本结构。 相似文献
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武汉市特大暴雨的中尺度分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文使用红外云图,雷达回波,武汉市城市自动雨量站和地面中尺度观测资料,分析了武汉市1987－1998年5－8月发生的特大暴雨过程,重点对1998年7月21日武汉市历史上罕见的特大暴雨进行了剖析,概括了武汉市特大暴雨的时空分布,云图和雷达回波演变特征,以及中尺度天气系统,为以后进行武汉市特大暴雨的预报提供有价值的依据。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献