共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
本文对构成淮阴市春季连阴雨的成因、大气环流特征及主要影响系统进行分析和探讨。利用对大气环流特征参量的计算和环流分型及车贝雪夫多项式展开等方法,建立不同时间尺度的预报方法,预测连阴雨的发生时间及长度。 相似文献
2.
利用1961—2012年3—5月NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、NOAA的海温、重庆34个站气象资料和74项环流特征指数,分析了重庆春季连阴雨的时空变化特征及其与同期的大气环流、西太平洋副热带高压（西太副高）、前期冬季的海温、OLR、大气环流以及西太副高之间的关系。结果表明：重庆春季连阴雨有发生频率高的特征,3月最容易发生影响范围广,持续时间长的连阴雨,其次是5月。连阴雨明显的时段重庆受影响的范围广,持续时间较长,气温偏低。东北部和西部地区出现频次较低,东南部较高。连阴雨分布主要为全市一致型和东西相反型。春季巴伦支海地区和青藏高原的500 hPa高度场偏低,贝加尔湖以东地区偏高,欧亚中高纬环流形势有利于冷空气南下和西太副高的减弱东退是重庆的连阴雨发生的主要因素。冬季拉尼娜事件的发生、赤道150°E地区的对流加强和鄂霍次克海地区中高层大气高压脊的建立都有利于来年春季重庆连阴雨的发生。 相似文献
3.
4.
秋季连阴雨是影响三秋工作的灾害性天气之一,此种天气的出现直接影响着我区冬小麦的适时播种和地瓜干的切晒工作,也直接影响人民的日常生活和工作。本文试用500 hPa候平均高度和距平资料,分析了我区10月连阴雨产生的大气环流特征和前期环流形势演变,然后作出有无连阴雨的长期趋势预报。 相似文献
5.
6.
利用河南省103个地面气象站1961-2019年逐日资料,采用滑动平均、小波分析、EOF分解等方法分析了河南区域性秋季连阴雨降水的时空分布特征,采用自组织神经网络方法(SOM)对河南区域性秋季连阴雨环流进行客观分型。结果表明：河南区域性秋季连阴雨以7-9 d的过程居多,其次为10 d以上过程。20世纪60年代和80年代是河南区域性秋季连阴雨多发期,90年代为连阴雨少发期,70年代和21世纪10年代发生次数与近59 a年均频次基本持平,21世纪10年代河南区域性秋季连阴雨比其他年代强,20世纪90年代强度最弱。20世纪70年代区域性秋季连阴雨年平均过程降水量存在准5 a周期,21世纪00年代前半期及10年代区域性秋季连阴雨年平均过程降水量存在2-3 a周期。近59 a河南区域性秋季连阴雨平均降水量分布上,黄河以南地区比黄河以北地区降水多,山区比平原地区多,降水大值区与山区分布基本一致。河南区域性秋季连阴雨降水空间分布型上,最主要的特征是全省一致变化型,其次是南北反相型。SOM方法不仅可以区分出环流形态上的差别,还可以区分出环流型的发生时间和连阴雨期间环流的阶段性演变特征。SOM分型得到8类区域性连阴雨环流型,从天气学意义上可归结为阻塞型、低槽型和平直环流型。大部分河南区域性秋季连阴雨过程为2到3种环流型的组合,不同环流型之间存在转换关系。 相似文献
7.
文章分析了陕西省2003年秋季连阴雨降水的特征和形成秋季连阴雨天气的天气学、热力学特点。结果表明:2003年陕西秋季连阴雨降水的主要特征是降水的落区和时间相对集中, 降水强度大, 日数多且持续时间长, 是1954年以来陕西又一次极端连阴雨事件。在大气环流由夏季型向冬季型转变过程中, 对流层高层西风急流南压至40°N时, 青藏高原东北侧包括陕西在内的西北地区东部, 位于急流南侧的高空辐散区, 该地区对流层低层却保持着高温高湿的热力特征, 对流上升运动活跃, 形成了低层辐合高层辐散的垂直环流机制, 这时对流层中部500 hPa欧亚环流形势相对稳定, 乌拉尔山的长波脊和中亚低槽维持, 偏强、偏北、偏西的副热带高压外围偏南气流为该区域输送了大量的水汽, 从而形成了陕西及西北地区东部持续的连阴雨天气; 当西风带中纬度新疆高压脊建立, 副热带高压东移南退时, 陕西及西北地区东部的连阴雨天气结束。 相似文献
8.
采用1961—2010年全国753站逐日降水资料,给出了我国秋季连阴雨的定义,分析我国秋季连阴雨和不同级别(5~7 d、8~10 d和11 d及以上)秋季连阴雨的气候特征;将我国秋季连阴雨划分为华北、西南、江淮和华南地区4区,并分析华北地区秋季连阴雨期间和不同级别秋季连阴雨期间的大气环流特征。结果表明:1)我国秋季连阴雨及不同级别秋季连阴雨50 a累计频次在长江中上游地区较大,黄河以北地区较小;随着连阴雨级别的增加,连阴雨频次大值区由东南地区移向西南地区;频次标准差与频次的分布特征类似。2)华北地区连阴雨及不同级别连阴雨期间,巴尔喀什湖与贝加尔湖间的阻塞高压增强,850 h Pa上增强的偏北和偏南气流交汇于华北地区,500 h Pa上东亚大槽槽后偏北气流引导北方冷空气南下,副热带高压西侧偏南气流引导南方暖空气北上,冷、暖空气在华北地区交汇,易形成连阴雨天气。 相似文献
9.
10.
2007年秋季罕见的连阴雨天气成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2007年秋季连阴雨是山东省有观测记录以来历时最长、危害程度最大的一次历史罕见的连阴雨天气,文章从大气环流背景、物理量特征等方面对其成因进行了详细的分析。结果表明,这次连阴雨是亚欧大尺度环流形势由纬向型向经向型转变的过程中发生的,是一次长波调整的过程。连阴雨期间乌拉尔山高压脊和西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期异常偏北、偏强,长时间稳定维持,同时副热带高压南侧东风带内热带气旋活动频繁,亚洲中纬度地区多短波槽活动,引导西西伯利亚冷空气东移南下与孟加拉湾和沿副热带高压外围北上的暖湿气流在黄河下游交绥,造成了山东持久的连阴雨天气。连阴雨期间物理量特征明显,在降水强度大、降水时间集中时段均有深厚的湿层、明显的水汽辐合及垂直上升运动,上升运动可达300～200 hPa。在降水间歇时段,700hPa以下维持下沉运动,相对湿度小于80%,且为一致的水汽辐散。 相似文献
11.
12.
Southern hemisphere atmospheric circulation: impacts on Antarctic climate and reconstructions from Antarctic ice core data 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The atmospheric circulation patterns in the Southern Hemisphere have had a significant impact on the climate of the Antarctic and there is much evidence that these circulation patterns have changed in the recent past. This change is thought to have contributed to the warming trend observed at the Antarctic Peninsula over the last 50 years—one of the largest trends observed in this period on the planet. The trends associated with the continental Antarctic climate are less clear but are likely to be impacted less directly by atmospheric circulation changes. The circulation changes can be put into the context of longer timescales by considering atmospheric circulation reconstructions that have been performed using data from Antarctic ice cores. In this review paper we look at the main body of work examining: Antarctic climate trends; the understanding and impact of atmospheric circulation of the mid- to high-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere; and the usefulness and reliability of atmospheric circulation reconstructions from Antarctic ice core data. Finally, beyond several of the more quantitative reconstructions, it is deemed that an assessment of their consistency is not possible due to the variety of circulation characteristics that the various reconstructions consider. 相似文献
13.
M. J. Casado M. A. Pastor F. J. Doblas-Reyes 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2009,96(1-2):17-29
Extra-tropical atmospheric circulation variability is addressed in this study using two complementary approaches: circulation types and modes of variability. Principal component analysis (PCA) in T- and S-modes has been used to estimate the features. An objective synoptic classification of Euro-Atlantic atmospheric circulation is described. Eight circulation types have been identified and described in terms of their spatial features, mean frequency and lifetime, transitions and trends. The most persistent type is connected with the presence of a ridge over the British Isles and Iceland, while the less persistent type is related to a tilted ridge west of the continent. Increases in the persistence of some circulation types such as the Scandinavian and the Euro-Atlantic blockings and a ridge with axis over Western Europe have been found in the 1990s. Data from two independent re-analyses are used to test the robustness of the results. The main differences between the two datasets have been found in the distribution of events as a function of their duration. In a second step, the main modes of variability over the Euro-Atlantic area have been identified using daily data. An analysis of the relationship between these modes and the circulation types suggests that specific circulation types shift the phases of certain modes of variability. 相似文献
14.
随着大气探测技术以及计算机性能的不断提高,近年来平流层探测数据日渐丰富,中层大气模式也得到了快速发展,平流层中一些重要的物理、化学以及动力过程得以深入研究,对平流层大气环流的认识也进一步加深。本文分析了平流层准2 a振荡（Quasi-Biennial Oscillation,QBO）、平流层残余（Brewer-Dobson,BD）环流和平流层极地环流等主要的平流层大气环流系统和信号的气候态特征、形成机制、年际变率以及长期趋势等,阐述了它们的主要影响因子和过程,讨论并展望了与平流层环流有关的一些主要科学问题。 相似文献
15.
Aad van Ulden Geert Lenderink Bart van den Hurk Erik van Meijgaard 《Climatic change》2007,81(1):179-192
PRUDENCE simulations of the climate in Central Europe are analysed with respect to mean temperature, mean precipitation and three monthly mean geostrophic circulation indices. The three global models show important circulation biases in the control climate, in particular in the strength of the west-circulations in winter and summer. The nine regional models inherit much of the circulation biases from their host model, especially in winter. In summer, the regional models show a larger spread in circulation statistics, depending on nesting procedures and other model characteristics. Simulated circulation biases appear to have a significant inluence on simulated temperature and precipitation. The PRUDENCE ensemble appears to be biased towards warmer and wetter than observed circulations in winter, and towards warmer and dryer circulations in summer. A2-scenario simulations show important circulation changes, which have a significant impact on changes in the distributions of monthly mean temperature and precipitation. It is likely that interactions between land–surface processes and atmospheric circulation play an important role in the simulated changes in the summer climate in Central Europe. 相似文献
16.
Numerical simulation of the regional ocean circulation in the coastal areas of china 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The regional ocean circulation in the coastal areas or China (including a part of the western Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal el al.) is simulated by using the improved Princeton Uni-versity ocean circulation model (POM). Compared with the modeling results obtained by the large-scale ocean general circulation model (OGCM), the basic ocean circulation features simulated by the regional ocean circulation model are in good agreement with that simulated by OGCM and some detailed character-istics such as the regional ocean circulation, sea temperature, salinity and free sea surface height have also been obtained which are in good accord with the observations. These results indicate that the regional ocean circulation model has good capability to produce the regional ocean circulation characteristics and it can be used to develop coupled regional ocean-atmospheric model systems. 相似文献
17.
Summary An attempt has been made to relate a large-scale airflow classification to the local weather at two stations in Estonia.
To describe the features of the general circulation over Europe, the large-scale circulation patterns (Grosswetterlagen) of the German Weather Service have been chosen. Daily precipitation and temperature deviations from the monthly mean in
P?rnu and Tartu for 1961–1993 have been used. It can be said that the weather in Estonia shows a good relationship with the
general circulation types (Zirkulationsformen) that are defined by means of the Grosswetterlagen. Zonal circulation brings to Estonia wet weather that in winter is warmer than average and in summer cooler than average.
Mixed circulation is associated with warmer winters and average summers. Meridional circulation brings cold winters and variable
weather in summer. To explain the large dispersion of values of meteorological elements within any one circulation type, a
more detailed analysis of the relationships between circulation patterns and meteorological situation in Estonia is needed.
Received June 17, 1998 Revised January 13, 1999 相似文献
18.
1.IntroductionInrecentyears,manystudiesonthemechanismoftheregionalclimateformationandvariationhavebeendonebyusingnestedhigh--resolutionregionalclimatemodels.TheregionalclimatemodelshavepresentedbetterPerformancesinsimulatingregionalclimatefeaturesthanlarge--scalegeneralcirculationmodels(GCM)becauseoftheaccuraterepresentationsofhigh--resolutiontopography,detailedunderlyingsurfacecharacteristics,landsurfaceprocessesandplanetaryboundarylayerparameterization.However,theoceanpartwithinthemodeldom… 相似文献
19.
利用原始方程模式的Sawyer－Eliassen次级环流方程，对由5个爆发性发展的台风所合成的要素场进行了次级环流的诊断．结果表明，在各强迫项中，地转形变和非绝热加热强迫作用较大．大尺度加热主要加强中低层环沈，对流加热则主要加强中高层环流．台风爆发性发展前后，动力强迫和热力强迫的相对重要性不同．在台风爆发性发展时，非绝热加热强迫的相对重要性明显加大。 相似文献
20.
本文利用三维土壤－植被－大气耦合的区域气候模式模拟分析植被覆盖状地山谷风环流形成与演变过程的影响。结果表明，植被覆盖状况不仅影响风速大小和环流强弱经，而且对环流的形成和维持也有很大影响。植被覆盖度越大，山谷风环流形成时间越滞后，风速越小，环流强度越弱，维持时间越短。 相似文献