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1.
1月，全国平均气温为-1．7℃，比常年同期（-2．8℃）偏高1．1℃；全国平均降水量为19．2mm，略多于常年同期（18．4mm）。月内，我国中南部出现大范围雨雪天气，部分地区铁路、公路、航空等交通运输受到严重影响；新疆、内蒙古部分地区发生雪灾；中东部地区多大雾天气；华南南部干旱持续。 相似文献
2.
12月份，全国平均降水量为11．7mm，略少于常年同期（14．5mm）。全国平均气温为-2．0℃，比常年同期（-0．7℃）偏低1．3℃，为1986年以来近20年历史同期最低值。月内，山东、新疆、内蒙古、辽宁等省区的部分地区发生雪灾；上中旬冷空气势力强，我国中东部及西北大部地区气温偏低，出现了严寒、大风天气；四川东部、重庆等地出现大雾天气；华北中部、西北东部等地旱情持续，华南南部部分地区出现秋冬连旱。 相似文献
3.
10月，全国平均气温为11．7℃，为1951年以来历史同期最高值，比常年同期（9．6℃）偏高2．1℃；全国平均降水量为31．8mm，较常年同期（37．3mm）偏少。月内，我国东部地区出现大范围干旱，山东、广西等地旱情严重；云南、陕西、湖北等省的局部地区遭受暴雨洪涝或泥石流、滑坡等地质灾害，造成较大人员伤亡；我国中东部地区大雾天气较多；甘肃、贵州、辽宁等地发生雷击或大风、冰雹灾害。 相似文献
4.
2月份，全国平均气温为-1．2℃，比常年同期（-2．8℃）偏高1．6℃；全国平均降水量为22．8mm，略多于常年同期（16．4mm）。月内，我国出现大范围雨雪天气，对改善土壤墒情、净化空气十分有利，但交通运输受到较大影响；新疆、内蒙古、湖北、四川等地的部分地区发生雪灾。’华南大部地区干旱得到不同程度缓解；西藏、云南部分地区干旱持续或发展。我国中东部地区出现大雾天气。 相似文献
5.
强台风罗莎登陆浙闽北方出现罕见连阴雨（雪） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
10月,全国平均气温为10．3℃,较常年同期（9．6℃）偏高0．7℃。其中,青海10月区域平均气温为1951年以来历史同期最高;浙江、西藏为次高。全国平均降水量为31．8mm,比常年同期（37．3mm）偏少5．5mm。月内,强台风罗莎给浙江造成严重损失;北方地区出现历史同期罕见连阴雨（雪）天气;江汉、江南、华南等地部分地区干旱发展;我国中东部地区出现大范围大雾天气。 相似文献
6.
2007年1月，全国平均气温为-4．5℃，比常年同期偏高1．4℃；全国平均降水量为11．1mm，较常年同期（12．1mm）偏少。月内，我国长江中下游地区出现大范围雨雪天气，湖北、安徽遭受雪灾；我国东部地区出现大雾天气，部分地区交通受到影响；云南西南部干旱缓和，华北、辽宁、广西、西藏干旱发展；26-27日北方地区出现今年第一次沙尘天气；长江以南地区多阴雨天气。 相似文献
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9月，全国平均气温为16．8℃，较常年同期（16．0℃）偏高0．8℃。北京9月区域平均气温为1951年以来历史同期最高；河北、内蒙古、辽宁为次高；吉林为第三高；贵州为第三低。全国平均降水量为67．9mm，接近常年同期（66．2mm）。月内，强台风韦帕登陆浙江，浙苏闽鲁等地受灾；东北西部及内蒙古东部干旱持续发展；云南、广西等地遭受局地暴雨洪涝灾害；北方部分地区遭受初霜冻灾害；南方部分地区出现低温阴雨天气。 相似文献
8.
2007年9月，全国平均气温为16．8℃，较常年同期（16．O℃）偏高0．8℃。其中，北京9月区域平均气温为1951年以来历史同期最高；河北、内蒙古、辽宁为次高。全国平均降水量为67．9mm，接近常年同期（66．2mm）。月内，强台风韦帕登陆浙江，浙苏闽鲁等地受灾；东北西部及内蒙古东部干旱持续发展；云南、广西等地遭受局地暴雨洪涝灾害；北方部分地区遭受初霜冻灾害；南方部分地区出现低温阴雨天气。 相似文献
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6月,全国平均气温为20．2℃,较常年同期（19．5℃）偏高0．7℃;新疆月平均气温为1951年以来历史同期最高值。全国平均月降水量为111．7mm,比常年同期（97．1mm）偏多14．6mm,为近10年来最多;广东月降水量为1951年以来历史同期最多值,广西为历史同期第二多。6月份,我国南方出现大范围强降雨过程,部分地区发生暴雨洪涝灾害;宁夏中部、甘肃陇东等地气象干旱持续; 相似文献
10.
11月，全国平均气温为3．8℃，为1951年以来同期第三高值，比常年同期（2．1℃）偏高1．7℃；全国平均降水量为24．6mm，较常年同期（18．2mm）偏多。上半月我国中东部地区大范围秋旱持续或发展，下半月全国出现大范围降水天气，大部地区旱情缓和或解除。月内，中东部地区出现大雾天气；新疆、内蒙古、陕西、山西等地出现大到暴雪，局地受灾较重；广东、广西、贵州等省（区）局地发生雷雨大风、冰雹、龙卷等强对流天气。 相似文献
11.
我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格. 相似文献
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准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：6
NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。 相似文献
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Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G. Terence Meaden S. Kochev L. Kolendowicz A. Kosa-Kiss Izolda Marcinoniene Michalis Sioutas Heino Tooming John Tyrrell 《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):446-449
2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness. 相似文献
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流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：10
本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用. 相似文献
16.
The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features. 相似文献
17.
由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张德二 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(2):126-130
2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡. 相似文献
18.
Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over
the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature
(SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds.
Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early)
onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in
these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly
correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with
respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases.
The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by
the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America
during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region.
The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple
regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation
coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill
to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully
predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed.
Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002 相似文献
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Chunguang CUI Wen ZHOU Hao YANG Xiaokang WANG Yi DENG Xiaofang WANG Guirong XU Jingyu WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):711-724
Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230... 相似文献