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1.
利用新疆巴楚气象站1984—2013年逐日气象资料,采用线性倾向估计、趋势系数、求相关等方法分析巴楚县多时间尺度气温的变化特征及其对夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明:近30 a巴楚县夏玉米生长季平均气温上升趋势不明显;旬平均气温总体上呈上升趋势,但不同时段温度变化差异较大;≥10℃积温呈不显著增多趋势,日最高气温≥35℃日数呈不显著减少趋势;生育后期(乳熟—成熟)即9月上旬—10月上旬气温偏低,热量显著不足,供求矛盾突出,是影响夏玉米产量高低的关键期。 相似文献
2.
《内蒙古气象》2018,(6)
利用毕节市8个国家气象站1970-2015年的气温资料,分析探讨毕节市平均气温、年极端高温、年极端低温、寒冷日数、炎热日数以及近46a温度变化的特征。结果表明:毕节市近46a年平均气温呈显著升高趋势,其中秋季增温最显著,夏季增温最弱;极端气温分布体现毕节市独特的山地气候特征,极端最低气温主要分布在海拔较高的威宁、大方,极端最高气温则是分布在海拔较低的金沙等地,且随着增温趋势显著,毕节寒冷日数显著减少,炎热日数无明显变化。在突变分析中发现毕节市在年和春、秋季节气温显著升高,突变大多发生在2000年以后,在夏、冬季节气温也呈现升高趋势,但升温幅度较春、秋季节弱。 相似文献
3.
利用商洛市7个国家气象站1961—2020年近60 a的日平均气温、月平均气温、月最高气温、月最低气温等资料,选取10种极端气温指数,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、累积距平法,对商洛平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的年际、年代际、季节变化特征,异常性及极端性进行了分析。结果表明：近60 a来商洛年平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温的年际变化呈上升趋势,其中平均最高气温的线性倾向率最大;除平均最低气温冬季线性倾向率呈下降趋势外,平均最低气温的春季、夏季、秋季和年平均气温、平均最高气温四季变化均呈上升趋势,年平均气温、平均最高气温春季线性倾向率最大,平均最低气温夏季线性倾向率最大;季节气温的年代际变化特点为20世纪60—90年代为相对偏冷期,21世纪为相对偏暖期;通过M-K突变检验和累积距平法得出商洛年平均气温发生了由低温到高温的突变,突变时间在1987—1988年;分析平均气温异常性得出偏暖年份多出现在21世纪之后,偏冷年份多出现在20世纪90年代以前,尤其集中在60年代中期左右,秋季偏暖年份最多,春季偏冷年份最多;近60 a极端最高气温有显著的年际变化,暖夜日数呈增多趋势,冷夜日数呈减少趋势,暖昼日数较冷昼日数增多明显,昼指数变化较夜指数变化明显,热指数呈上升趋势,冷指数呈下降趋势,进一步说明商洛呈增温趋势。 相似文献
4.
利用饶平1961—2010年气温资料,通过线性拟合、M-K突变分析、小波分析等方法,对饶平近50年气温变化进行特征分析。结果表明：近50年饶平气温显著上升,增温速率为0.017 6℃/年,在1995年发生增温性突变,突变前后平均上升0.7℃。近50年秋冬季增温速率明显大于春夏季;冬季在20世纪80年代末发生突变,其他季节都在20世纪90年代发生突变;秋冬季突变前后增温大于春夏季。气候变暖对饶平极端气温及高温（低温）日数的影响：高温日数在1994年发生增加性突变,近50年来呈显著增加趋势,其中进入21世纪以来高温日数明显增多;低温日数在1983年发生减少性突变,极端最低气温呈显著上升趋势。小波分析得出饶平年平均气温在不同时段存在准6、13、20、28年年际变化周期。 相似文献
5.
利用新疆巴楚气象站1983—2012年逐日气象资料及冬小麦生育期资料,采用线性回归、Pearson相关系数方法,分析了巴楚县气候要素和冬小麦生育期的变化特征,以及气候变化对生育期的影响。结果表明:(1)近30 a巴楚县冬小麦生育期内气候变暖趋势明显,月平均气温、月最高气温和月最低气温整体呈上升趋势,日照时数减少,降水量增多。(2)冬小麦播种、抽穗和成熟期提前,越冬开始和返青期延后,全生育期呈缩短趋势。冬前冬小麦生育天数增加,越冬开始—返青期、返青—抽穗期长度缩短,抽穗—成熟期延长。(3)1—2月气温降低是巴楚冬小麦返青期延后的主要原因,而抽穗和成熟期提前则主要受3—4月、4—6月的气温升高影响。 相似文献
6.
近45年哈密地区温度变化特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用1961-2005年近45年哈密地区6个站点的观测资料,分析了该地区的平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温和平均日较差、炎热日以及寒冷日的年际、年代际的变化特征,同时对降水、云量等要素也进行了分析,揭示其与哈密地区温度变化的可能关系。结果表明,近45年来哈密地区气候显著增暖,平均气温在夏季增暖幅度最大,春季最弱。1990年代以后增暖趋势表现最明显,21世纪以来增幅最大。与平均气温变化趋势相一致,最高温度和最低温度也呈显著升高趋势,其中最低温度的升高幅度远大于最高温度和平均气温的升高幅度。哈密地区近45年平均日较差显著减小,这主要是因为最低气温的升高幅度大于最高气温的升高幅度。在全球增暖背景下,哈密地区的炎热日数显著增加,而寒冷日数显著减少。个别站的气温增温不明显,这与局地的降水、云量增加,日照减少有一定关系。此外,哈密地区冬季平均气温在1980年代中后期有一次明显的突变,突变时间晚于新疆其他地区5~6年左右,表明气候突变在不同地区会有不同的表现。 相似文献
7.
基于河南省19812016年18个农业气象观测站的冬小麦观测资料及气象资料,采用一元线性回归法、偏相关分析法和多元线性回归模拟等,分析河南省冬小麦生长发育和产量对气候变化的响应。结果表明：河南省冬小麦出苗返青期和开花成熟期延长,返青开花期缩短,全生育期缩短。全生育期内最高气温和最低气温呈升高趋势,降水量变化不明显,太阳辐射呈减少趋势,不同生长阶段内各气象要素变化趋势不一致。最高气温与小麦气象产量为负相关关系,最低气温、太阳辐射与小麦气象产量为正相关关系,降水量与不同区域的小麦气象产量相关关系不同。小麦相对气象产量与各气象要素敏感性分析结果表明：不同生长阶段小麦相对气象产量对各气象要素变化的敏感性不同;小麦生长时期内最高气温升高1 ℃,相对气象产量减少约16.00%;最低气温升高1 ℃,相对气象产量增加约17.00%;降水量减少10.00%,相对气象产量增加约0.35%;太阳辐射减少10.00%,相对气象产量减少约1.70%。 相似文献
8.
水分利用效率(WUE)反映了作物耗水量与干物质生产及籽粒产量的关系,提高作物WUE是保障水资源紧缺条件下农业持续稳定发展的关键。根据近30 a郑州地区冬小麦全生育期平均气温、土壤湿度和产量资料,利用数理统计方法,分析了近30 a冬小麦全生育期平均气温与冬小麦WUE的关系,在此基础上模拟了在不同增温、降水减少的气候变化情景下对冬小麦WUE的影响。结果表明:郑州地区近30 a冬小麦全生育期平均气温递增率约为0.82℃/10a;0—100 cm土壤平均湿度呈下降趋势,土壤有效含水量约以44.9 mm/10a的速率递减;实际耗水量年际间平均以18.2 mm/10a的速率递增;气温升高与小麦WUE变化表现为不显著的负相关。未来各情景下冬小麦WUE均比当前的WUE有所增加,其中增温2.4℃、降水减少10%时WUE比基础情景增加了15.5%,但WUE的数值并不随气温增加和降水减少而无限递增,当气温增加2.4℃、降水减少量超过20%时,WUE开始下降。 相似文献
9.
根据佛冈国家气象观测站逐日气温资料,按照国家季节划分标准对4季长度进行划分。运用趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析等方法对佛冈县1957—2014年气温变化和4季长度的趋势演变、突变转折等进行分析,从而得到气温变化对4季长度的影响。结果表明:近58年佛冈县年平均气温呈明显上升趋势,达0.012℃/年。佛冈县4季长度表现为夏季最长,冬季最短,春季和秋季长度接近,夏季日数占全年日数的51.5%。气温变化对4季长度有较大的影响,其中以夏季最为显著。突变检验表明,气温上升与夏季长度延长的突变时间都在1993年左右。年平均气温与夏季长度的相关最为显著。 相似文献
10.
根据佛冈国家气象观测站逐日气温资料,按照国家季节划分标准对4季长度进行划分。运用趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、小波分析等方法对佛冈县1957—2014年气温变化和4季长度的趋势演变、突变转折等进行分析,从而得到气温变化对4季长度的影响。结果表明:近58年佛冈县年平均气温呈明显上升趋势,达0.012℃/年。佛冈县4季长度表现为夏季最长,冬季最短,春季和秋季长度接近,夏季日数占全年日数的51.5%。气温变化对4季长度有较大的影响,其中以夏季最为显著。突变检验表明,气温上升与夏季长度延长的突变时间都在1993年左右。年平均气温与夏季长度的相关最为显著。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献