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青海省雷暴年际变化特征分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
使用青海41个气象台站1961~2007年的年雷暴资料,对青海省年雷暴日数的时空分布及变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:雷暴空间分布青南地区最多,柴达木盆地最少;年雷暴47a来总体呈减少趋势,但各区变化特征不一致,基本上雷暴多的地区减少趋势越明显,雷暴最少的柴达木盆地变化不明显,甚至略有增加。青海省年平均雷暴日数在2000年发生明显突变,周期分析发现存在准5a周期振荡。青海省雷暴的年内分布为单峰型分布,雷暴主要发生在4~10月,占全年发生总数的99.6%,4~10月雷暴日数1961~2007年期间均呈不同程度的下降趋势,夏季减少趋势最为明显,春季(4~5月份)减少趋势较秋季(9~10月份)明显。 相似文献
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阳信县雷暴日气候特征的初步分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用阳信县1971--2005年雷暴观测资料,统计分析了阳信县雷暴天气的气候特征,结果表明：阳信县雷暴日的年际变化大;季节性明显,主要集中在夏季（6～8月）;雷暴初日最早出现在3月中旬,终日最晚出现在10月底,雷暴期呈逐年代缩短趋势。 相似文献
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近50年西宁地区雷暴日气候变化特征分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用西宁地区4个测站雷暴观测资料,分析了1960—2008年西宁地区初、终雷暴日及雷暴日数的气候特征及其变化趋势。结果表明：西宁地区为雷暴多发区,年平均雷暴日数为43d,近年来雷暴日呈减少趋势;初雷暴日略有推迟,终雷暴日明显提前;3-11月均有可能出现雷暴,6—8月为雷暴高发期,12月-2月未出现过雷暴;平均初雷暴日为4月25日,终雷暴日为10月3日;大通雷暴出现最早,结束的也最晚;春季、秋季平均气温稳定通过4～5℃的时间大致与初雷暴日和终雷暴日的时间相一致。 相似文献
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河北廊坊雷暴大风的气候特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1970~2012年廊坊地区9个气象站地面雷暴大风观测资料,采用趋势分析、滑动t检验、小波分析和最大熵谱分析等统计方法,系统分析了该地区雷暴大风天气的时空特征及变化趋势和变化周期。结果表明:廊坊地区的雷暴大风局地性强,43 a间只出现了一次全区性的雷暴大风天气过程,雷暴大风多以单站出现为主。雷暴大风的地域性特征明显,中部的廊坊市及南部的文安、大城站较易出现,而北部发生概率较低。雷暴大风的日、月及年变化特征明显。雷暴与大风主要发生在午后至前半夜,大风发生时间一般落后于雷暴,1 h内的雷暴与10 min以内的大风发生概率最高;雷暴大风3~10月都可出现,主要集中在夏季,发生概率为73.3%;近43 a来,年均雷暴大风日数整体呈现减少趋势,且中部的站点减少趋势最显著,1994年为雷暴大风的显著突变年,其显著变化周期为3.23a。雷暴大风多为"湿"型。 相似文献
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利用1961—2013年石羊河流域5个气象站的雷暴资料，运用统计学方法分析了石羊河流域雷暴的时空变化特征，并对雷暴防护等级进行划分。结果表明：石羊河流域年、年代雷暴日总体呈减少趋势，天祝的减少趋势尤为显著，递减率达-5.843 d/10 a，雷暴日的时间序列存在7～8 a的准周期变化。石羊河流域雷暴初日最早出现在3月下旬（永昌），其他均出现在4月上旬，终日最晚出现在10月下旬末（永昌出现在10月上旬初），平均雷暴期为100.4～171.3 d。6—8月是雷暴的高发期，雷暴日占年雷暴总日的70.7%～78.4%。雷暴的日变化明显，雷暴多发时段为12—22时，集中发生时段为13—17时，雷暴的平均持续时间为10～40 min。石羊河流域雷暴具有明显的地域特征，南部山区天祝雷暴日远大于其他各地，占总雷暴日的40.8%。随着雷暴站数的增多，区域性雷暴日迅速减少。石羊河流域雷暴防护等级划分为3级：天祝属1级防护，为高雷区；永昌和古浪属2级防护，为多雷区；民勤和凉州属3级防护，为少雷区。 相似文献
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依安县近56 a雷暴日数变化特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《黑龙江气象》2018,(4)
利用依安县国家一般气象站近56 a(1958-2013年)雷暴观测资料进行统计分析。分别分析了雷暴年日数、月平均日数、日变化特征、初终日。结果表明:依安县年平均雷暴日为23.5 d,年雷暴日数最多37 d(1962年),最少9 d(1976年),近56 a雷暴日数整体呈增加趋势。雷暴主要集中出现在5-9月,雷暴开始于4月上旬结束于10月中旬,10月下旬至次年3月未出现过雷暴。雷暴日数自5月逐渐增多,7月达到顶峰,9月逐渐减少。一日中,午后至傍晚雷暴出现次数明显增多,15-16时为一天中雷暴发生频率最高时次。初雷日最早出现4月7日(1985年),终雷日最晚出现在10月15日(1994年)。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献