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2014年1月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2014年1月大气环流主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,位置较常年同期明显偏南;欧亚中高纬环流经向度较小;南支槽平均位置位于70°E附近,位置较常年同期明显偏西;同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期略偏弱。1月,全国平均降水量为6.2 mm,较常年同期（13.2 mm）偏少53.0%。全国平均气温为-3.4℃,较常年同期（-5.0℃）偏高1.6℃。月内,我国出现1次主要冷空气过程和4次主要降水过程。北方冬麦区降水偏少,气象干旱持续;中东部地区出现大范围雾或霾天气;南方地区出现低温雨雪天气 相似文献
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2017年5月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈多波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度较常年偏弱。5月全国平均气温17.1℃,较常年同期偏高0.9℃,为1961年以来第4高;全国平均降水量59.4 mm,比常年同期（69.5 mm）偏少14.5%,但5月7日广州出现破历史极值的极端强降水。月内我国南方地区有5次区域性暴雨天气过程;北方出现极端高温过程;东北西部、华北等地发生严重气象干旱;北方地区有2次沙尘天气过程。 相似文献
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2022年10月大气环流的主要特征是北半球极涡呈单极型分布且较常年同期强度偏强,欧亚地区中高纬环流呈“两槽一脊”型,西太平洋副热带高压较常年位置偏西、偏北,强度偏强。10月,全国平均气温为10.8℃,较常年同期(10.6℃)偏高0.2℃;全国平均降水量为34.4 mm,比常年同期(35.6 mm)偏少3.4%。月内我国有2次暴雨天气过程,一次受高空槽、低空急流和副热带高压影响,另一次受台风尼格和高空槽影响。10月共有5个热带气旋在南海和西北太平洋活动,生成个数较常年偏多1.2个,无登陆台风(较常年偏少),其中台风桑卡、纳沙和尼格影响南海、海南岛和华南地区。长江以北气象干旱缓和,长江以南气象干旱持续。 相似文献
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2013年10月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2013年10月环流特征如下:北半球高纬度地区为单一极涡,强度较常年同期偏强,中高纬环流呈现4波型,北美地区中高纬环流经向度较常年偏大,南支槽偏强,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强。10月,全国平均降水量为30.8 mm,比常年同期(35.8 mm)偏少14.0%,全国平均气温为11.1℃,比常年同期(10.3℃)偏高0.8℃。月内,冷空气活动频繁,先后有4次冷空气过程影响我国,但只有22—26日的冷空气达到全国较强冷空气标准,其他3次都是影响北方的中等强度冷空气;受台风菲特影响,我国华东地区南部和华南地区北部出现一次强降水过程;江南中部及河南等地气象干旱持续或发展;我国中东部大部地区出现雾霾天气。 相似文献
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2018年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2018年4月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈偶极型分布,中高纬环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏弱,南支槽强度较常年偏强。4月全国平均气温12.4℃,较常年同期偏高1.4℃;全国平均降水量43.6 mm,比常年同期（44.7 mm）偏少2.5%。月内我国有3次冷空气过程,其中2—7日为一次全国性强冷空气过程,造成大范围剧烈降温和雨雪天气;北方地区出现5次沙尘过程;南方地区出现3次暴雨过程,其中22—24日的暴雨过程给长江中下游地区造成严重的暴雨洪涝灾害。 相似文献
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2017年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2017年4月大气环流的主要特征是极涡呈偶极型分布,强度偏弱,中高纬环流呈4波型分布,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度与常年相当。4月全国平均气温为12.0℃,较常年同期偏高1.0℃;全国平均降水量为44.0 mm,较常年同期偏少2%。月内出现1次全国大范围较强冷空气过程;南方多降水天气,共出现3次区域性暴雨天气;北方出现2次扬沙天气;多省(区、市)局地遭遇风雹灾害。 相似文献
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2011年5月大气环流主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈现双极型,北半球中高纬度环流呈脱四波型分布,亚洲中高纬地区西风带多波动,引导多股冷空气影响我国;东亚大槽较常年同期略偏强,西太平洋副热带高压及南支槽强度接近常年同期。2011年5月,全国平均气温为17.7℃,比常年同期（17.4℃）偏高0.3℃。5月全国平均降水量为81.4 mm,较常年同期（92.6 mm）偏少12.1%。月内共出现两次冷空气过程,7次明显降水过程及一次强沙尘暴过程,长江中下游地区气象干旱持续发展,四川、湖南、广东、广西等地遭受暴雨洪涝灾害,新疆、甘肃、宁夏、河北、山东、湖南、贵州、广东等省区遭受较为严重的风雹灾害。 相似文献
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2013年1月大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈偶极型,极涡范围及强度较常年偏弱,中高纬环流呈三波型,欧亚大陆槽位于西西伯利亚,位置偏北,引导多股冷空气影响我国北方,月内中高纬环流形势调整较大,上旬以经向型环流为主,中下旬则转为纬向型环流;西太平洋副热带高压接近常年同期,东亚大槽位于西北太平洋西岸,较常年偏强,南支槽位于90°E附近,较常年略偏弱.2013年1月,全国平均气温为-5.2℃,略低于常年同期(-5.0℃).月内气温阶段性调整明显,上旬,较同期偏低3℃,下旬,较同期偏高1.7℃.全国平均降水量为6.5 mm,较常年同期(13.2 mm)偏少50.8％.月内出现一次强冷空气过程,雾霾天气频繁,共出现3次较大范围雾霾过程.南方部分地区遭受低温雨雪冰冻灾害,北方局地遭受雪灾,云南大部、贵州西部及四川南部等地气象干旱持续. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献