共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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利用中国气象局提供的1951—2018年台风最佳路径数据集,筛选经过江苏的热带气旋个例,发现历史上所有经过江苏的热带气旋都发生在夏秋季节。基于春季130种气候信号指数,利用C4.5决策树算法建立“台风是否经过江苏”的预测模型。结果表明:基于C4.5算法的决策树能够较为直观且准确地对每年“台风是否经过江苏”进行预测。利用1951—2000年(51 a)的数据样本进行训练,学习准确率达到82%,利用2001—2018年(18 a)的数据样本对模型进行泛化能力测试,测试准确率达到83.3%,最后利用2019年第9号热带气旋“利奇马”经过江苏的事实进行个例检验,符合决策树规则C。可以证明C4.5算法对“台风是否经过江苏”的预测具有较高的准确率和通用性。 相似文献
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提出一种适用于我国不同季节、经纬度和下垫面的改进气象雷达TITAN算法。建立天气雷达数据格式转换系统,将我国不同型号新一代天气雷达基数据转换成MDV格式雷达数据;按我国不同气候类型、经纬度和海陆下垫面特征,统计获取不同区域强风暴天气雷达特征指标参数阈值。利用云贵高原和海南地区不同下垫面的两次典型超级单体强风暴天气雷达实况数据与改进的TITAN算法进行实验对比分析。分析结果指出,采用改进TITAN算法识别、跟踪和预测0.5~1 h后的强风暴天气误差较小,可信度较高,有助于识别预警灾害性天气和人影指挥作业。 相似文献
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为了探索影响学习成绩的关键因素,为学生学习、教师教学和学校管理提供帮助,采用密度全局K-means算法对UCI机器学习数据库的葡萄牙学生数据、陕西蒲城县第三高级中学的学生数据进行聚类分析,挖掘影响学生成绩的相关因素,并对学生成绩进行预测分析.葡萄牙学生数据挖掘发现：学生成绩与其所在学校、家庭住址、母亲学历、家庭有无网络有极大相关性,与父亲受教育程度、上学路上花费时间、想上大学、在谈恋爱也有一定相关性.蒲城县第三高级中学学生数据分析发现：学生成绩与其监护人、父母年龄、父母学历、学习态度、课后学习量之间有极大相关性.成绩预测聚类结果显示：预测成绩与实际成绩一致.中外学生数据挖掘揭示：学生成绩与父母受教育程度,特别是母亲受教育程度密切相关,母亲受教育程度越高,孩子学习成绩越好;孩子成长过程中,父母作为监护人的陪伴作用不容忽视;激励和引导学生树立远大理想,调动学生学习的主动性,对学习成绩和成长至关重要;缩小城乡教育差距势在必行. 相似文献
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风电功率预测中最重要的因子是风速,准确的风速预测是风电功率预测的前提和基础。为了提高短期风速预测的准确性,本研究采用WRF模式,对我国上海崇明吕四风电场的风速进行预报。在此基础上,利用PCA-RBF算法结合WRF模式预报风向、气温、气压等气象要素对预报风速进一步订正。实验结果表明,利用PCA-RBF算法对WRF模式预报风速进行订正后,预报风速的误差进一步减小,相对均方根误差降低20%~30%,相对平均绝对误差降低15%~20%。与其他智能算法(BP算法、LSSVM算法)对比分析后得出,PCA-RBF算法对WRF模式预报风速具有较好的订正效果,能够有效提高风速预报准确率。 相似文献
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神经网络方法已经在过去很多年中得到了大量研究,特别是基于误差反向传播算法的人工神经网络(简称BP-ANN)在很多天气预报业务上发挥了重要作用.对于BP-ANN训练有这样的一个问题,在同一个样本模型、同样的网络结构和同样的输入参数情况下,每次训练得到的权重和最终的误差结果几乎都是不一样的,有的会很好,有的会较差.在利用BP-ANN建模训练中,希望都寻找到因子模型的局部最优解,使它具有较好的泛化能力.为了提高BP-ANN在业务预报中的建模和预测能力,将对BP-ANN进行改进试验.利用2009-2010年每年5月15日至9月15日的T639模式预测数据和北京地区4个站点的最高温度实况资料作为建模样本数据,对4个站点进行数值模拟试验.通过对4个模型样本的拟合建模试验发现:BP-ANN的随机初始权重场服从高斯分布,或者初始权重场进行多次初始化,或者采用动态的隐层神经元网络结构都能让BP-ANN对样本的拟合命中率有一定的提高.最后选择2011年5月15日至9月15日115天的资料作为预报测试数据,集成3种改进方法于一个BP-ANN中,和未改进前的BP-ANN进行比较,对比后发现优化后的BP-ANN训练出的模型预测得到的验证样本预测命中率要高于未优化的BP-ANN训练出的模型得到的验证样本预测命中率,优化后的BP-ANN具有更好的泛化能力. 相似文献
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基于C4.5算法的长江中下游地区夏季降水预测模型研究及应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了对长江中下游夏季降水进行短期气候预测,利用国家气候中心提供的74项环流指数和NOAA整编的西太平洋型WP指数、MEI指数、ENSO指数等多种全球环流指数资料,归纳整理了影响长江中下游夏季降水的34个前期春季因子,讨论了前期春季因子与夏季降水的关系,并利用这34个前期春季因子通过数据挖掘中的C4.5算法对1951—2013年(63 a)长江中下游夏季降水,建立判别降水偏多以及偏少的两类决策树预测模型,并分别得到5条和7条综合判别规则。随机选取80%左右历史年份数据作为模型的训练集,两模型的训练集准确率分别为94.12%和93.88%,剩余20%年份数据作为模型测试集,模型的测试预测准确率分别达91.67%和85.71%。模型预测应用也显示结果正确。模型研究和应用显示,基于C4.5算法的长江中下游夏季降水预测模型具有较高的预测准确率,模型构建合理有效,判别规则依据大数据理论,广泛考虑相关因子以及因子的排列组合,智能化选择关键因子,易于客观化、自动化实施,为长江流域汛期降水的短期气候预测提供了新的思路与方法。 相似文献
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传统的多视图字典学习算法旨在利用多视图数据间的相关性,未能考虑多视图数据的差异性,这可能会降低字典的学习性能.受此启发,提出一种基于视图内字典原子不一致的多视图字典学习算法.该算法为每个视图学习类属字典和共享字典,同时,引入编码系数方差的最小化约束,以降低视图间字典的差异性;此外,通过每个视图编码系数与所有视图编码系数均值之间距离的加权和的最小化来约束相应特征的贡献度;然后,施加视图内字典原子的不一致性约束以降低视图内字典的冗余.最后,在两个数据集（AR和Extended Yale B数据集）上的实验验证了所提算法的有效性. 相似文献
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地物杂波的检测和处理对雷达数据质量有重要的影响。常规的地物杂波检测依赖于晴空条件下的杂波图,人工判别,后来采用GAMP滤波器进行全程自适应滤波处理,该法在对地物抑制的同时对天气信号的损失较大,现探究比较多的方案是先自动识别地物,后结合滤波器对地物进行处理,在抑制地物的同时减少对天气信号的损耗。该算法基于IQ信号,利用已在C波段天气雷达中进行实验的SCI算法的4个判别因子,引入模糊逻辑理论,重新设计算法识别流程,并应用于我国S波段天气雷达中。通过实例对比杂波消减决策（CMD）算法对同一天气过程的识别与抑制的结果,发现该算法对气象回波的误判率低于CMD算法,对地物的识别率与CMD算法相当。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献