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1.
2012年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2012年4月大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,强度接近常年;中高纬度环流呈4波型分布,乌拉尔山阻塞高压尤其偏强,有利于冷空气影响我国;中低纬度地区南支槽前多波动,西太平洋副热带高压强度稍偏强。4月全国平均温度为11.7℃,较常年同期(10.7℃)偏高1.0℃。全国平均降水量为45.6 mm,较常年同期(43.1 mm)偏多2.5 mm(偏多5.8%)。月内我国共出现了8次大到暴雨降水过程,华南、江南多强对流并伴随雷暴大风和冰雹天气,北方出现6次沙尘过程。 相似文献
2.
2016年5月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,极涡主体分别位于格陵兰岛以西以及贝加尔湖北部附近,强度较常年同期偏强;中高纬环流呈4波型分布特征,长波槽分别位于北美西部、格陵兰岛东部、里海西部和贝加尔湖北部;西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期面积明显偏大,588 dagpm等高线东西伸展经度跨度很大,接近环绕全球。5月全国平均气温16.3℃,较常年同期（16.2℃）偏高0.1℃;全国平均降水量82.8 mm,较常年同期（69.5 mm）偏多19.1%。月内我国主要天气特点是：南海夏季风5月下旬爆发;西南地区东部、江南、华南南暴雨过程频发;强对流过程影响范围广、过程强度大、雷暴大风和冰雹灾害较多。 相似文献
3.
2011年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2011年4月大气环流主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈现单极型,且偏向西半球,中高纬度地区环流呈现三波型分布,亚洲中高纬地区为一槽一脊形势。东亚大槽较常年同期偏强,西太平洋副热带高压明显偏弱,南支槽接近常年同期。2011年4月全国平均气温为11.3℃,较常年同期偏高1.0℃,西北地区大部气温明显偏高。4月全国平均降水量为21.4mm,较常年同期偏少22.4mm。月内共出现4次冷空气过程和4次沙尘天气过程,部分省（市、区）遭受强对流天气袭击。 相似文献
4.
2014年3月大气环流特征为：北半球极涡呈偏心型,主体位于北美北部,同时在新地岛和鄂霍次克海附近分别有2个低涡中心,较常年平均状况,前者异常偏强10 dagpm左右,后者位置偏南,亚洲大陆高压脊异常偏强6 dagpm左右,范围异常偏大,导致3月我国气温较常年同期（4.1℃）异常偏高1.2℃,为1961年以来第六高值。东亚大槽强度和位置、南支系统和西北太平洋副热带高压接近常年平均状况。3月我国平均降水量为29.1 mm,接近常年平均值（29.5 mm）。月内,南方多阴雨天气,北方地区出现沙尘天气过程,中东部出现雾或霾天气过程,多省出现雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气。 相似文献
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2010年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2010年4月大气环流主要特征如下:北半球极涡分布成偶极型,中高纬地区大气环流呈四波型分布,四个大槽的强度偏弱,南支槽接近多年平均位置,但强度偏弱。西太平洋副热带高压明显偏弱于常年。4月全国平均气温为9.1℃,较常年同期偏低1.2℃。全国平均降水量为56.1 mm,较常年同期偏多12.3 mm。月内,西南旱区多次出现降水过程,大部地区旱情缓解;此外我国共出现5次沙尘天气过程;部分省(市、区)遭受强对流天气袭击。 相似文献
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2014年1月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2014年1月大气环流主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,位置较常年同期明显偏南;欧亚中高纬环流经向度较小;南支槽平均位置位于70°E附近,位置较常年同期明显偏西;同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期略偏弱。1月,全国平均降水量为6.2 mm,较常年同期（13.2 mm）偏少53.0%。全国平均气温为-3.4℃,较常年同期（-5.0℃）偏高1.6℃。月内,我国出现1次主要冷空气过程和4次主要降水过程。北方冬麦区降水偏少,气象干旱持续;中东部地区出现大范围雾或霾天气;南方地区出现低温雨雪天气 相似文献
7.
2013年3月大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈偏心型,两个中心分别位于欧洲和亚洲北部,极涡范围较常年偏南,中高纬环流呈4波型,南支槽略偏弱,西北太平洋副热带高压(以下简称副高)略偏强.下旬南支活动加强,南方降水增多.全国平均降水量为26.1 mm,较常年同期偏少11.5％.平均气温为6.3℃,较常年同期偏高2.2℃,为1961年以来第二高值.月内发生5次冷空气过程,其中8-11日出现2013年以来最大范围沙尘天气;出现5次主要降水过程,其中19-20日江南、华南出现2013年以来最大范围强对流天气. 相似文献
8.
2017年4月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2017年4月大气环流的主要特征是极涡呈偶极型分布,强度偏弱,中高纬环流呈4波型分布,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度与常年相当。4月全国平均气温为12.0℃,较常年同期偏高1.0℃;全国平均降水量为44.0 mm,较常年同期偏少2%。月内出现1次全国大范围较强冷空气过程;南方多降水天气,共出现3次区域性暴雨天气;北方出现2次扬沙天气;多省(区、市)局地遭遇风雹灾害。 相似文献
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2014年5月环流特征如下:北半球极涡成准圆形绕级分布,中心强度为524 dagpm,较气候平均的强度偏强4~6dagpm,北半球高纬500 hPa位势高度呈4波型分布,我国中东部大部地区受偏西气流控制,多短波槽活动;副热带高压较常年明显偏西偏北,南方地区出现多次强降水天气过程。另外,南海季风爆发较常年同期明显偏晚。5月全国平均气温为全国平均气温16.5℃,较常年同期(16.2℃)偏高0.3℃;全国平均降水量73.8 nm,较常年同期(69.5 mm)略偏多6.2%。月内,我国主要天气特点是:华南江南暴雨频发,华北黄淮出现极端高温。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献