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1.
利用空间均匀网格对中国夏季降水异常区域特性的初步分析 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
用方差极大正交转动ＥＯＦ（Ｖａｒｉｍａｘ ＥＯＦ）及点相关图法分析了夏季总降水（６、７、８月降水之和）及逐月降水的区域特性。使用的资料为全国范围４７个５°×５°经纬度网格上的降水资料，分析时段为１９５９—１９９４年。分析结果表明，由于采用了空间均匀的格同资料，本分析除进一步证实了中国东部地区降水异常的区域特性外，也揭示了西部地区降水异常的区域特性及沿长江流域东西方向上降水异常的相互关系。夏季总降水异常最显著的区域特性是江淮流域与河套及华南反相关。另外沿长江流域，四川盆地的降水异常与青藏高原东部及江淮流域的降水异常也存在着反相关联系。西部地区的区域特性为青藏高原中东部南北两侧为负相关，并且青藏高原中东部南侧的降水异常与华北东部及东北南部为正相关。上述的空间模都有准２—３ａ及１０ａ左右的周期。逐月降水的分析表明，６月份，江淮流域、华北东部及东北大部分地区为正相关。７月，河套地区与江淮流域的降水异常呈现一定的负相关联系，８月份降水异常的区域特性与夏季总降水异常的区域特性极其一致。 相似文献
2.
Connections between surface sensible heat net flux and regional summer precipitation over China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
TANG Yanbing 《大气科学进展》2004,21(6):897-908
Using the observed monthly precipitation and NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction)reanalysis surface flux data from 1951-2000, the connections between the seasonal SSHNF (Surface Sensible Heat Net Flux) over the Asian continent and the regional summer precipitation of China were examined.The patterns of collective and individual correlations were identified. The results indicate that the responseof the regional summer precipitation of China to the seasonal SSHNF over the study area varies according to region and season. The interannual variability of summer precipitation anomalies over Xinjiang, the northernmost Northeast China, and the North China Plain are most sensitive to the anomaly of the seasonal SSHNF. There are significant collective correlations between the interannual anomalies of the seasonal SSHNF and summer precipitation over these regions. In contrast, the Southeast Tibetan Plateau,Huaihe River Valley, and surrounding areas exhibit the least significant correlation. Significant individual correlations exist between the summer precipitation over the southernmost Northeast China, East Inner Mongolia, South of the Yangtze River and South China and the seasonal SSHNF in certain seasons over the following areas: near Lake Baikal and Lake Balkhash, near Da Hinggan Mountains and Xiao Hinggan Mountains, as well as the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
3.
用1958～2000年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、中国160站降水量及1958～1998年月平均海温资料分析了中国夏季相邻月份降水异常型的相关特征，及其与大气热源的关系和相关物理过程。结果表明，7月长江流域的降水异常与8月长江和黄河之间地区的降水异常有很好的同号性。7、8月长江流域及附近地区持续性偏旱（涝）与太平洋洋盆尺度的大气热源异常有关，并与前期5、6月热带中、东太平洋大范围的热源异常、青藏高原热源异常也有密切的联系，即当5、 6月赤道东太平洋的大气热源正异常，而赤道中太平洋北侧的热源负异常，则中国7月长江中下游偏涝，8月长江中上游与江淮流域和内蒙古东部偏涝，华南偏旱；反之亦然。前期热带中、东太平洋上空的热源异常中心和与之联系的异常垂直运动中心的西扩和西移，以及青藏高原东部的热源异常中心是影响我国7、8月持续偏旱（涝）的重要环流异常特征。另外，南海－西太平洋海温在前期也已经具有我国夏季长江流域发生旱涝对应的同期海温异常分布型的特征。 相似文献
4.
中国东部夏季降水年际变化与东中国海及邻近海域海温异常的关系 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文首先利用1979～2008年中国756个站点和GPCP2.1的降水资料与Hadley中心的HadISST再分析海温资料以及应用合成和相关分析方法, 分析了中国东部夏季降水年际变化及其与东中国海及邻近海域海温异常的关系。分析结果表明: 当东中国海及邻近海域为暖 (冷) 异常时, 长江中下游、 江淮地区夏季降水减少 (偏多), 而东北南部的降水偏多 (减少)。并且, 本文应用RegCM3区域气候模式对上述关系进行数值试验, 结果表明了东中国海及邻近海域的暖 (冷) 异常, 将使得我国长江、 黄淮流域和华北大部分地区夏季降水的减少 (增加), 而华南地区、 东北南部和朝鲜半岛等地夏季降水的增加 (减少)。此外, 本文还利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和数值模拟对上述关系的大气环流变异过程进行了分析, 分析结果揭示了上述海域的升温或降温对东亚地区上空的纬向和经向环流有较明显的影响。当东中国海及邻近海域升温时, 除了在该海域东部引起低空辐合, 高空辐散, 产生上升运动外, 还在其西部的长江、 黄淮流域和华北地区引起低空辐散, 高空辐合, 产生下沉运动, 这将引起长江、 黄淮流域和华北等地夏季降水的减少; 并在华南、 东北南部和朝鲜半岛地区引起低空辐合, 高空辐散, 从而产生上升运动, 这使得华南地区、 东北南部和朝鲜半岛夏季降水的增加。反之, 当东中国海及邻近海域降温时, 上述区域出现相反的现象。这些都说明东中国海及邻近海域的热力状态可能是影响我国东部夏季降水的重要因子之一。 相似文献
5.
基于青藏高原春季感热异常信号的中国东部夏季降水统计预测模型 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
使用1980-2014年由青藏高原中东部的地面气象观测台站观测资料计算得到的地表感热通量以及中国东部高分辨率的降水格点资料,在年代际变化和年际变率两个时间尺度上,使用最大协方差分析方法研究了青藏高原春季感热与中国东部夏季6、7和8月降水的关系,基于最大协方差关联因子的时间尺度分解回归分析方法建立了一个降水统计预测模型。青藏高原春季感热的各个关联预报因子与中国东部夏季各月降水的相关分析表明,在年代际成分中,6、7和8月在中国东部绝大部分地区均存在显著相关,方差贡献分别为75.6%、99.9%和79.7%;在年际成分中,相关区域在6月是华南地区、华北沿海地区和江淮流域,7月是华南地区西南部、长江流域、东北地区东南部和黄河中下游地区,8月是东北地区和华南地区西部,方差贡献分别为42.7%、43.4%和32.0%。预测模型的解释方差分析和后报试验检验表明,7月对整个中国东部地区预测效果最好,6月主要在长江以南地区,而8月主要在东北地区和华南地区西部预测效果较好。该预测模型能很好描述青藏高原春季感热与中国东部夏季各月降水的关联性,并对局地降水实现较好的定量预测,具有在短期气候预测业务应用的价值。 相似文献
6.
青藏高原及邻近地区的气候特征 总被引：21，自引：5，他引：16
利用中国710个站(青藏高原72个站)的气温和降水资料,分析了青藏高原的气候特征及与中国区域气候异常的联系。结果表明：中国多雨日区域随季节分布大致可以分为华南区、华南一青藏高原东南部区、青藏高原区以及华西区共5个区域,多雨日区自东向西移动。青藏高原东南地区降水特征呈双峰型,西北呈单峰型;西南部存在明显的“高原梅雨”、伏旱和秋雨。林芝地区的遥相关分析表明：冬季温度与青藏高原同期温度为正相关,与我国其它大部分地方为负相关;夏季降水与青藏高原南部和长江中下游地区同期降水为正相关,与高原北部同期降水呈反相关关系;冬季温度与黄河到长江流域之间区域夏季降水呈反相关关系。 相似文献
7.
Simulation of China Summer Precipitation Using a Regional Air-Sea Coupled Model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 A regional air-sea coupled model based on the regional climate model(RegCM3)and the regional oceanic model POM(Princeton Ocean Model)is developed and a series of experiments are performed to verify the ability of the coupled model in simulating the summer precipitation over China from 1963 to 2002.The results show that the space correlation coefficients between the GISST(Global Ice and Sea Surface Temperature)data and the simulated SST by RegCM3-POM exceed 0.9.Compared with the uncoupled experiments,the coupled model RegCM3-POM has a better performance in simulating the mean summer(June to August)precipitation over China,and the distribution of the rainband in the coupled model is more accurate.The improvement of the rainfall simulation is significant over the Yangtze River Valley and in South China.The rainbelt intraseasoaal evolution over eastern China in summer indicates that the simulation ability of RegCM3-POM is improved in comparison with the uncoupled model.The interannual summer rainfall variation over eastern China simulated by RegCM3-POM is in accordance with observation,while the spatial pattern of the interannual summer rainfall variation in the uncoupled model is inaccurate.The simulated correlation coefficient between the summer rainfall in the uncoupled model RegCM3 and observation is0.30 over the Yangtze River Valley and 0.29 in South China.The coefficient between the rainfall in the coupled RegCM3-POM and observation is 0.48 over the Yangtze River Valley and 0.61 in South China.The RegCM3-POM has successfully simulated the correlation coefficients between summer rainfall in the Yangtze River Valley and SST anomalies of the Bay of Bengal,South China Sea,and the Kuroshio area,whereas the uncoupled model RegCM3 fails to reproduce this relationship.The study further shows that the monsoon circulation and the path of the moisture transport flux simulated by RegCM3-POM are in good agreement with the NCEP/NCAR data. 相似文献
8.
超强厄尔尼诺事件对中国东部春夏季极端降水频率的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用中国国家气象信息中心提供的中国地面逐日降水0.5°×0.5°格点数据集,研究了超强厄尔尼诺事件衰减年春、夏季中国东部极端降水发生概率的变化,并通过诊断超强厄尔尼诺自身及其衍生模态各自的水汽输送和垂直运动特征,探讨了超强厄尔尼诺事件对中国东部极端降水的影响机制。结果表明,超强厄尔尼诺事件衰减年春季,整个中国东部尤其是江淮以北地区,极端降水事件发生概率显著增大。同年夏季,长江流域极端降水发生概率比常规年份高出近1倍,而在华南和华北地区则相对减小。诊断分析显示,春季超强厄尔尼诺自身及其与热带太平洋地区年循环相互作用衍生出的组合模态（C-mode）均对降水的环流背景影响显著,热带太平洋西北部低空存在强盛的反气旋性异常环流,导致大量水汽在中国东部汇聚并上升,有利于该地区极端降水事件的发生。夏季,厄尔尼诺事件已经消亡,但与C-mode影响相关联的西北太平洋异常反气旋环流仍然存在,长江流域维持极端降水事件发生的有利条件。此外,研究也显示,超强厄尔尼诺事件衰减年春、夏季中国东部对流层中上层持续有异常经向风活动,频繁的南北冷暖气流交汇可能导致强对流事件发生次数增多,这也为该区域极端降水的频发提供了支持。 相似文献
9.
采用1961—2005年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料, 研究了夏季青藏高原东南部水汽收支的气候特征及其影响效应。结果表明:夏季青藏高原东南部总体上是一个水汽汇区, 平均总收入为39.9×106 kg/s。东亚夏季风的建立、推进对青藏高原东南部的水汽输入有重要影响, 而青藏高原东南部的水汽输出则与夏季我国东部雨带的推进过程密切相关。该区对周边地区的水汽收支有重要影响, 是向我国西北地区东部、长江中下游地区输送水汽的重要通道, 青藏高原东南部的水汽“转运站”效应是长江中下游流域洪涝和北方夏季干旱异常的关键因子之一。青藏高原东南部东、北边界夏季水汽收支均具有准两年周期振荡特征, 并分别与长江中下游、西北地区东部夏季降水的准两年振荡特征具有一定的联系。 相似文献
10.
基于1979～2017年欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）提供的ERA-Interim逐日再分析资料和热力学方程,本研究估算了大气视热源,分析研究了青藏高原夏季大气视热源的异常与中国东部降水关系的年代际变化,以及青藏高原大气视热源影响我国东部夏季降水的物理机制。结果表明:（1）高原热源东、西部反相变化模态的重要性发生了年代际转变,表现为由1994年之前方差贡献相对小的第二变异模态变为1994之后方差贡献明显增大而成为第一主导变异模态。（2）青藏高原夏季大气视热源的东、西反相变化模态与中国东部降水的关系存在年代际变化。1993年之前和2008年之后,高原大气视热源的异常分别仅与长江下游降水和长江中游降水异常存在密切的联系;而在1994～2007年,其对长江流域及附近区域和华南地区的夏季降水的影响显著,具体表现为,当高原夏季大气视热源异常表现为东强西弱（东弱西强）时,长江中上游、江淮地区的降水偏多（少）,华南地区降水偏少（多）。（3）高原大气视热源显著影响我国东部夏季降水主要是通过经高原上空发展加强的天气系统东移过程影响长江流域及附近地区的降水,以及通过垂直环流影响华南地区的降水。 相似文献
11.
青藏高原冬春雪深分布与中国夏季降水的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用SSMR和SSM／I卫星遥感雪深反演资料,通过与高原测站雪深观测资料的对比分析,揭示了高原雪深的时空分布特征,在此基础上对积雪异常年中国夏季降水异常和大气环流进行了对比分析。结果表明,卫星遥感雪深资料可较真实反映出高原积雪的状况,并可反映出高原西部积雪的变化;高原冬、春季积雪EOF分解第1模态具有相同的空间分布,反映了高原冬、春季积雪分布具有相当的一致性,而春季积雪的第2模态则反映高原积雪的东西差异;冬、春季雪深EOF第1模态的时间序列与中国夏季降水的相关分析表明,大致以长江为界,我国东部地区呈现出南涝北旱的分布模态,春季高原东（西）部多（少）雪与东（西）部少（多）雪年的夏季,我国东部降水表现出长江以南（北）地区为大范围的降水偏多（少）。 相似文献
12.
The Dynamic Plateau Monsoon Index and Its Association
with General Circulation Anomalies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on monthly ECMWF reanalysis-Interim(ERA-Interim) reanalysis data,along with monthly precipitation and temperature data,the Dynamic Plateau Monsoon Index(DPMI) is defined.The results of a contrast analysis of the DPMI versus the Traditional Plateau Monsoon Index(TPMI) are described.The response of general circulation to northern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau summer monsoon anomalies and the correlation of the DPMI with general circulation anomalies are investigated.The results show that,the DPMI reflected meteorological elements better and depicted climate variation more accurately than the TPMI.In years when the plateau summer monsoon is strong,the low over the plateau and the trough near the eastern coast of Asia are deeper and higher than normal over South China.This correlation corresponds to two anomalous cyclones over the plateau and the eastern coast of Asia and an anomalous anticyclone in South China.The plateau and its adjacent regions are affected by anomalous southwesterly winds that transport more moisture to South China and cause more precipitation.The lower reaches of the Yangtze River appear to receive more precipitation by means of the strong westerly water vapor flow transported from the "large triangle affecting the region".In years when the plateau summer monsoon is weak,these are opposite.The plateau monsoon is closely related to the intensity and position of the South Asian high,and the existence of a teleconnection pattern in the mid-upper levels suggests a possible linkage of the East Asian monsoon and the Indian monsoon to the plateau summer monsoon. 相似文献
13.
青藏、伊朗高原地区300hPa温度场异常与我国降水的关系 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
青藏高原、伊朗高原地区下垫面的热力异常在300hPa温度场上有明显的特征,本文利用SVD诊断方法分析了300hPa温度场异常与我国区域降水的关系。分析表明：(1)伊朗高原南部和青藏高原中东部地区4月份300hPa温度与我国黄河上游以南地区5月份降水有显著的正相关关系;(2)高原大部特别是其南部地区4～6月300hPa温度与我国长江中下游以南部分地区7月份降水存在显著的反相关关系;(3)高原大部特别是其南部地区4～8月300hPa温度与我国黄河下游以南部分地区9月份降水有显著的正相关关系;(4)高原中部前一年6～10月300hPa温度与当年我国1月份长江中下游及以南大部分地区降水存在显著的反相关关系;(5)伊朗高原特别是伊朗高原中南部前一年6～10月300hPa温度与当年我国4～5月份长江中下游部分地区降水存在显著的反相关关系;(6)高原中南部9～10月300hPa温度与我国11月份长江中下游以南部部分地区降水存在显著的反相关关系。 相似文献
14.
Using the regional climate model RegCM4.4.5, coupled with the land model CLM4.5, we investigated the effects of springtime soil moisture in the Indochina Peninsula on summer precipitation over the South China Sea and its surrounding areas in 1999. Results have indicated that there exists positive correlation between soil moisture and summer precipitation over the western Pacific Ocean and negative correlation between soil moisture and summer precipitation over the eastern Indian Ocean. Summer precipitation in the South China Sea and its surrounding areas responds to springtime soil moisture in the Indochina Peninsula (the northwest region is critical) because general atmospheric circulation is sensitive to the near-surface thermodynamic state. Increased (decreased) soil moisture would result in decreased (increased) local surface temperatures. Latitudinal, small-scale land–sea thermal differences would then result in northeasterly wind (southwesterly wind) anomalies in the upper layer and southwesterly wind (northeasterly wind) anomalies in the lower layer, which strengthen (weaken) monsoon development. As a result, precipitation would enter the Western Pacific region earlier (later), and water vapor over the eastern Indian Ocean would enter the South China Sea earlier (later), causing a precipitation reduction (increase) in the eastern Indian Ocean and increase (reduction) in the Western Pacific. 相似文献
15.
青藏高原南、北积雪异常与中国东部夏季降水关系的数值试验研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
青藏高原冬、春积雪有着显著的南、北空间差异,本文利用通用地球系统模式（CESM）设计了增加高原南、北冬、春积雪的敏感性试验,结果表明:当高原南部冬、春积雪异常偏多,长江及其以北地区夏季降水偏多,华南大部分地区夏季降水偏少;而当高原北部冬、春积雪异常偏多,华北及东北地区夏季降水偏多,长江下游南部地区夏季降水偏少,雨带更偏北。青藏高原南、北部冬、春积雪异常影响中国东部夏季降水的物理机制的分析结果表明,高原不同区域（南部和北部）冬、春积雪异常引起的非绝热加热异常效应都可持续到夏季,且北部积雪异常持续时间更长。高原南部和北部积雪异常偏多均会减弱高原北侧上空大气的水平温度梯度,进而减弱高原北侧西风急流的位置及强度,进而影响下游出口区处急流的强度和位置,且高原北部积雪异常偏多的影响更大。当高原南部积雪异常偏多,急流出口区的西风急流加强且偏南;而高原北部积雪异常偏多,出口区的西风急流减弱且偏北。相应地,对流层中层500 hPa西太平洋副热带高压减弱,低层850 hPa异常反气旋环流,影响中国东部地区水汽输送,从而影响了中国东部地区夏季雨带的变化。当高原南部积雪异常偏多,异常反气旋性环流位于东海附近,有利于更多水汽输送至长江流域,华南水汽输送减少;当高原北部积雪异常偏多,异常反气旋性环流相对偏北,更有利于华北及东北水汽输送,雨带偏北。 相似文献
16.
利用1951~2000年NCEP/ NCAR 600 hPa逐日再分析资料, 计算候时间尺度能够代表青藏高原地区季风特征的高度场指数序列, 研究青藏高原高度场指数的基本特征及其年代际变化趋势。结果表明:青藏高原地区600 hPa夏季为低压, 冬季为高压, 夏季低压形成的时间呈提早的趋势, 夏季低压强度也呈增强趋势; 青藏高原高度场指数年变化与高原雨日的年变化基本相似。夏季青藏高原高度场指数与同期我国160站的降水和气温相关表明:与降水相关分布从华北到华南呈“-+-”东西向带状分布; 冬季高原高压强度指数与同期气温均为正相关, 青藏高原东侧边缘区和华南地区正相关最为显著。 相似文献
17.
Assessing the Impacts of Initial Snow Conditions over the Tibetan Plateau on China Precipitation Prediction Using a Global Climate Model 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 CHEN Hong 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(2):81-86
Two ensemble experiments were conducted using a general atmospheric circulation model. These experiments were used to investigate the impacts of initial snow anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau（TP） on China precipitation prediction. In one of the experiments, the initial snow conditions over the TP were climatological values; while in the other experiment, the initial snow anomalies were snow depth estimates derived from the passive microwave remote-sensing data. In the current study, the difference between these two experiments was assessed to evaluate the impact of initial snow anomalies over the TP on simulated precipitation. The results indicated that the model simulation for precipitation over eastern China had certain improvements while applying a more realistic initial snow anomaly, especially for spring precipitation over Northeast China and North China and for summer precipitation over North China and Southeast China. The results suggest that seasonal prediction could be enhanced by using more realistic initial snow conditions over TP, and microwave remote-sensing snow data could be used to initialize climate models and improve the simulation of eastern China precipitation during spring and summer. Further analyses showed that higher snow anomalies over TP cooled the surface, resulting in lower near- surface air temperature over the TP in spring and summer. The surface cooling over TP weakened the Asian summer monsoon and brought more precipitation in South China in spring and more precipitation to Southeast China during summer. 相似文献
18.
2015年我国东部夏季降水呈现南北反位相的空间分布,河套地区降水异常偏少、长江中下游地区降水异常偏多,同期印度中部地区降水负异常,上述三个区域2015年夏季降水距平百分率绝对值极大值均超过55%。东亚和南亚地区2015年夏季降水异常的形成机理主要是由于该年夏季处于El Niňo事件的发展位相,菲律宾群岛及邻近区域反气旋环流异常,江淮地区至日本列岛气旋式环流异常,对流层低层位势高度异常场和整层水汽异常输送场亦存在相一致的空间分布,表现为负位相的EAP(East Asian-Pacific)/PJ(Pacific-Japan)型遥相关,有利于河套地区降水偏少和长江流域降水偏多。热带太平洋海温异常引起热带地区Walker环流负异常,热带西太平洋地区上空受异常下沉气流控制,热带印度洋区域对流层盛行东风异常,减弱了印度夏季风,并造成了印度中部地区夏季降水偏少。另一方面,印度上空对流层低层受异常反气旋控制,该异常反气旋北侧的西风异常沿着青藏高原南麓向东运动,增强了与EAP/PJ型遥相关相联系的异常水汽输送,有利于维持和增强河套地区降水负异常和长江中下游地区降水正异常。 相似文献
19.
With the methods of REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function), the summer precipitation from 43 stations over eastern China for the 1901 - 2000 period was examined. The results show that South China and Southwest China, the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River, North China and the southwestern of Northeast China are the three main areas of summer rainfall anomaly. Furthermore, correlation analysis is used in three time series of three mostly summer rainfall modes and four seasonal Pacific SSTA (Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly), and the results suggest that the Pacific SSTA which notably causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China are the SSTA of the preceding winter over Kuroshio region of Northwest Pacific, SSTA of the preceding spring in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, and SSTA of the current summer in the central region of middle latitude. The relationship between summer precipitation over eastern China and SSTA of Pacific key regions was further verified by SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) analysis.The composite analysis was used to analyze the features of atmospheric general circulation in the years of positive and negative precipitation anomaly. Its results were used to serve as the base of numerical simulation analysis. 相似文献
20.
With the methods of REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function), the summer precipitation from 43 stations over eastern China for the 1901 - 2000 period was examined. The results show that South China and Southwest China, the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River, North China and the southwestern of Northeast China are the three main areas of summer rainfall anomaly. Furthermore, correlation analysis is used in three time series of three mostly summer rainfall modes and four seasonal Pacific SSTA (Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly), and the results suggest that the Pacific SSTA which notably causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China are the SSTA of the preceding winter over Kuroshio region of Northwest Pacific, SSTA of the preceding spring in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, and SSTA of the current summer in the central region of middle latitude. The relationship between summer precipitation over eastern China and SSTA of Pacific key regions was further verified by SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) analysis.The composite analysis was used to analyze the features of atmospheric general circulation in the years of positive and negative precipitation anomaly. Its results were used to serve as the base of numerical simulation analysis. 相似文献