共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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该文以长江三峡地区６个站１９６１－１９９４年１０月－１月的逐日降水量来确定该地区发生区域性强降水的雨日，用同期的历史天气图分析产生区域性强降水的原因，影响系统和环流形势２，归纳出长江三峡地区产生区域性强降水的６类环流型，并进行逐日反查，概括出两类环流型产生区域性强降水的预报指标。 相似文献
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叙述了中期春季降水预报方法，着眼于下游阻塞系统建立及西伸，对上游地区降水影响的环流形势特征进行分析，并对同期的历史天气图进行反查，归纳出中期降水环流类型，概括出预报指标。用1999－2000年3－5月历史天气图和降水资料进行检验，在2002年春季进行试报，结果可供参考，有一定预报能力。 相似文献
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从天气学原理出发，应用常规天气图和T213数值预报产品资料，从环流形势、影响系统和物理量场等方面对2003年4月18日20时～19日08时黔东南地区出现的一次区域性强降水天气过程进行分析，结果表明：高空槽、中低层低涡切变、低空SW风急流和地面冷锋配合，是造成这次区域性强降水的关键。 相似文献
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使用1970－1998年5－10日地面以及850hPa、700hPa、500hPa天气图资料，卫星云图资料，同期丹江口水库入库流量资料和汉江中上游50个雨量站点日平均降水量资料，采用统计学方法，对影响到丹江口水库运行的致洪降水过程的天气系统进行了归类分型，建立了汉江中上游致洪峰水过程预报模型；配合预报模型，对致洪降水的诸多天气因子进行了相关分析，筛选相关性和稳定性较好的因子，建立了汉江中上游不同量级降水的预报指标和预报判据；将以上预报方法试用于2000年5－10月，其预报效果较好。 相似文献
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一次区域性大暴雨过程的成因分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用常规天气图、区域自动气象站、卫星云图、多普勒天气雷达等资料对2009年8月17—18日发生在泰安境内的区域性大暴雨过程进行了综合分析。分析发现：大暴雨发生在副热带高压南退过程中西北边缘的5880gpm线附近;700．hPa和850hPa“人字形”切变线造成的水汽辐合是强降水形成的关键;通过分析θse与K指数,发现此次区域性大暴雨发生在θse850〉330°K的热带海洋气团中,稳定度指标并不关键;地面倒槽长时间维持是强降水产生的条件;特殊的山地对这次强降水起到了重要作用;数值预报出现偏差导致了由于过分依赖数值预报出现暴雨漏报。 相似文献
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运用日本的降水预告产品和常规天气图资料作短期强降水预报判据,用本地气象要素资料作短期强降水落区预报,以天气雷达回波资料为依托,建立一套恩施州强降水落区短时滚动预报方程,经试用,效果较好。 相似文献
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今年 5月 ,与常年同期相比 ,除东北大部、华北北部、华南东部、内蒙古东部和南疆大部等地降水明显偏少外 ,我国其余大部地区降水偏多或接近常年。本月全国大部地区气温接近常年或偏低 ,其中黄淮西部、江淮大部、西南地区东部、湖北和湖南北部等地的气温偏低 1～ 2℃ ,东北和华南东部沿海偏高 1～ 2℃。本月有一个热带风暴生成。1 天气概况5月份降水量 ,西南东部地区、黄淮大部及其以南地区在 10 0ｍｍ以上 ,其中江南及重庆大部、贵州大部、云南西南部、广西、广东中部等地一般有 2 0 0～ 330ｍｍ ,局部地区达 330～ 4 70ｍｍ ;东北、华北、… 相似文献
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利用NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料和中国160站降水资料，分析了1951～2000年间5月青藏高原主体、高原东部和高原西部（90°E分界）地表温度的变化特征及其与江淮地区夏季降水的关系。结果发现:在研究高原热力异常对我国江淮地区夏季降水的影响时，要考虑到高原热力状况的空间差异对其的影响。相关分析发现，与高原主体和高原西部相比，高原东部地表温度变化对7月江淮地区的降水有更好的指示性。高原东部和其以北区域的大尺度热力差异比高原本身的热力异常对江淮地区夏季降水有更好的指示意义，可以作为我国江淮地区夏季降水的一个预报因子。 相似文献
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Fluctuations in the length of the growing season in Minnesota 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fluctuations in growing season length and in the dates of the last spring freeze and first fall freeze between 1899 and 1982 were studied for five rural Minnesota stations with long, high quality records. A general increase in growing season length was found, but there was substantial variation in the pattern of fluctuations among the stations. The increase in growing season length is not clearly and uniformly related to changes in the dates of first and last freezes. The interannual variability of growing season duration is on the order of the increase in duration so that the change would not be readily apparent to a casual observer. Our results do not correspond well with certain other studies of growing season length nor with fluctuations in hemispheric mean temperature. We conclude that extreme care must be used in extrapolating results of growing season length studies in space and in relating them to mean temperature fluctuations. 相似文献
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1引言根据实践经验,把测到的地方性云类与天气的关系联系起来,然后用天气学、气象学的基础知识,论述地方性云类出现特征与天气变化规律及在预报中应注意考虑的几个问题,对于制作单站和区域性天气预报有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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湿大气的广义位温与干大气位温及饱和湿大气相当位温的比较 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
实际大气既非完全是干空气,也不是处处达到饱和的湿空气,而是处于含有水汽但又不饱和的湿空气状态。基于这样一种湿大气状态,在湿大气中广义位温定义的基础上,对不同暴雨类型的广义位温与干大气的位温及饱和湿大气的相当位温做了比较。对2003年江淮流域暴雨过程、2004年华北一次暴雨过程以及2006年碧利斯台风中的位温、相当位温和广义位温分布的对比分析表明:即使是在暴雨系统中,湿空气的相对湿度也不一定达到100%,饱和湿空气相当位温的引入条件不能完全满足。而广义位温的定义用一个表达式就可以表示出于大气、未饱和湿大气以及饱和湿大气这3种大气状态的位温,位温和相当位温则是广义位温的特殊情况。当大气比湿为零时,广义位温就变成位温;当大气比湿达到饱和后,广义位温就变成相当位温。除了可以衔接干大气位温和饱和湿大气的相当位温外,广义位温包含了水汽由干到湿再到饱和的变化过程,更好地体现了大气中水汽的实际分布和变化特征。 相似文献
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《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》1999,29(2-4):365-395
We present definitive observational evidence that the startling change of the Eastern Mediterranean deep circulation observed in winter 1995 and documented by [Roether, W., Manca, B.B., Klein, B., Bregant, D., Georgopoulos, D., Beitzel, V., Kovacevich, V., Luchetta, A., 1996. Recent changes in the Eastern Mediterranean deep water. Science 271, 333–335.] actually started before October 1991. This change involved not only the deep water mass pathways but also the origin and pathways of the water mass spreading in the intermediate layer. We carry out the first unified analysis of the POEMBC-O91 data set, which shows that, differently from the previous decade of the 80s, the Cretan/Aegean Sea was in 1991 the `driving' engine of the intermediate, transitional and deep layer circulations, with Cretan Intermediate Water (CIW), transitional water and Cretan Deep Water (CDW) spreading out from the Cretan Sea into the basin interior. The most important new results are: (a) the Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) formed inside or at the periphery of the Rhodes gyre is blocked in its traditional westbound route on its density horizons σθ=29.05 and 29.10 kg/m3 by a three-lobe strong anticyclonic structure in the Southern Levantine, which induces a substantial LIW recirculation in the Levantine basin itself; (b) the CIW exiting from the Western Cretan Arc Straits spreads into the Ionian interior on the σθ=29.05–29.10 kg/m3 isopycnal surfaces, thus replacing the LIW confined in the Levantine basin. A branch of CIW flows eastward in the Cretan passage and is entrained by the Ierapetra anticyclone to flow again into the Cretan Sea through the Eastern Cretan Arc Straits; (c) on the horizons σθ=29.15 and 29.18 kg/m3 a transitional water mass of Cretan origin, denser than CIW, and CDW are observed to spread out massively from the Cretan Arc Straits both into the Ionian and Levantine interiors. These isopycnal surfaces rise to much shallower depths in 1991 than in 1987, increasing the salt content of the intermediate, transitional and deep layers. This leads to a massive salt increase in the Ionian below 1200 m, clearly related to lateral advection of the new denser waters of Cretan/Aegean origin, thus contradicting the hypothesis of a vertical salt redistribution proposed by Roether et al. 相似文献
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利用NCEP-NCAR月平均的高空风场资料,对东亚对流层上层大气环流变化的年进程进行了分析研究,发现北半球西风急流、热带东风气流、越赤道气流、南亚高压和太平洋中部存在明显的季节变化,而且它们之间这种年进程相互关联. 相似文献
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Dr. R. S. Pulwarty R. G. Barry C. M. Hurst K. Sellinger L. F. Mogollon 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1998,67(1-4):217-237
Summary Rainfall regimes are primarily unimodal in central and eastern Venezuela but bimodal (peaks in May–June and September-October-November with a minimum in July–August) in the northwest. There is a sharp transition across the Andes suggesting a topographic-circulation connection. However, a mid-summer minimum also occurs at other locations in Venezuela and Central America during individual years. This paper addresses the nature and control of the regimes including the role of large-scale circulation features and convection as indicated by outgoing longwave radiation data. Altitudinal characteristics of precipitation in the Andes and their spatial variability are also investigated. The development of the minimum within the rainy season annual cycle is shown to be related to the combined effects of the evolution of sea surface temperatures in the east Pacific warm pool and reinforced in the area of the Andes by enhanced easterlies during July and August.Abbreviations used in text ENSO
El Nino-Southern Oscillation
- EPWP
East Pacific Warm Pool
- ITCZ
Inter-tropical Convergence Zone
- MEI
Multivariate ENSO Index
- MSM
Mid-Summer Minimum
- NCEP
National Centers for Environmental Prediction
- OLR
Outgoing Longwave Radiation
- SOI
Southern Oscillation Index
- SST
Sea Surface Temperature
With 13 Figures 相似文献