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1.
《干旱气象》2015,(4)
应用FLAASH模型对FY-3B/MERSI数据进行大气校正,并从大气校正前后反射率变化、NDVI和EVI变化及其与MODIS地表反射率产品比较等4方面对校正效果进行讨论分析,以期提供一种行之有效的FY-3B/MERSI数据大气校正方法。结果表明:(1)校正后削弱了大气分子与气溶胶在可见光波段的散射影响,且各通道反射率区间变宽;(2)除红光波段外,可见光其余波段各通道大气校正后的反射率均有所减小,且秋、冬季比春、夏季影像反射率减小幅度更大;对于近红外波段,除秋、冬季第16通道外,大气校正后的反射率均有所增加;(3)与MODIS地表反射率产品相比较,FY-3B/MERSI校正后的反射率与MYD09GA产品的误差均小于校正前,校正后的植被和居民地2种地物的反射率比校正前更具有较好的一致性;(4)校正后,植被与居民地的NDVI和EVI均有所增大,且NDVI较EVI增加的幅度大,同时校正前后两者的NDVI、EVI差值均增大,表明FY-3B/MERSI影像经大气校正后更有利于植被与非植被信息的区分。 相似文献
2.
NOAA/ AVHRR反射率和标准化差值植被指数 (NDVI) 资料在气象、水文等领域都有广泛的应用。但因为地表双向反射和大气对可见光和近红外辐射的影响, 即使在地表没有变化的情况下, 卫星探测到的反射率和NDVI也有很大的变化。在除云处理和NOAA-14/AVHRR衰减校准的基础上, 利用6S模式对NOAA-14/AVHRR可见光和近红外反射率及NDVI资料进行了大气订正, 并利用Roujean和Rahman模式在大气订正后进行了双向反射订正。大气订正使可见光反射率减小3.34(反射率单位), 近红外反射率增加3.43(反射率单位), NDVI增加了0.22, 分别占各自平均值的78.2%, 15.9%, 35.5%。双向反射订正对NDVI的绝对值影响不大, 但消除了反射率和NDVI的不规则变化, 订正后能够较好地反映森林植被的物候效应。对各订正参数进行了误差分析, 结果表明订正对太阳和卫星天顶角的误差最敏感。 相似文献
3.
应用6S辐射传输模式对MODIS可见光到中红外波段的反射率进行大气订正，订正过程分两步进行:首先设定地表为朗伯体，再应用二向反射模型BRDF进行订正，订正结果与美国MODIS研究组应用MAS实验结果进行比较表明，两者变化趋势是一致的；经过臭氧、水汽、气溶胶等散射吸收订正，对于一定范围的反射率，大气订正使植被区红光波段反射率ρ1降低、近红外波段反射率ρ2增加，蓝光波段反射率ρ3降低；大气订正后，归一化植被指数INDV较大气订正前有所增加，增加的最大值为0.104，抗土壤-大气植被指数IEV值略有减小，减小的最大值为0.005。 相似文献
4.
HEIFE绿洲区太阳总辐射和地表反射率的分光谱特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
太阳辐射的分光测量在许多研究和应用领域中都具有十分重要的意义．本文利用HEIFE临泽子站进行的太阳总辐射和反射辐射的分光观测资料，研究了黑河绿洲区太阳总辐射和地表反射率的光谱特征．研究结果表明：在太阳总辐射的光谱能量分布中，紫外和可见光部分的比倒偏小，近红外部分则偏太．在其从冬到夏的季节变化中紫外和可见光部分是由小到大，近红外部分剐是由大到小。在其日变化中0．5μm以下波段是中午大早晚小；0．7μm以上波段是中午小，早晚大；0．5-0．7μm波段的日变化不明显。紫外波段的相对日变化幅度最大．地表反射率的光谱特性有明显的季节变化，变化特征与地表植被状况有关．各波段地表反射率的日变化型有一定的季节差异，其中波长小于0．7μm部分较为明显，并与地表植被状况有关．在裸露地表各波段反射率与太阳高度角的关系中，近红外波段随太阳高度角增加而增大，紫外和可见光波段则随太阳高度角增大而减小．全波段反射率随太阳高度角增大而增大主要是近红外波段的贡献．这是裸露地表光谱反射率的重要特征之一。 相似文献
5.
利用广东省86个气象站的观测数据为大气校正简化算法(Simplify Method for Atmospheric Correction,SMAC)提供校正参数,对中分辨率光谱成像仪(Medium Resolution Spectral Imager,MERSI)的250 m分辨率数据进行了大气校正处理研究。通过对各波段反射率直方图、归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetable Index,NDVI)直方图及气象站反射率的分布特征进行分析,检验SMAC算法进行MERSI数据大气校正的效果。结果表明:大气校正后MERSI各波段反射率区间变宽,站点反射率更接近实际,校正后的NDVI直方图曲线较平滑,NDVI峰值向高值移动,临近日期的NDVI直方图曲线更相近,说明本文采用的大气校正处理方法可得到合理的结果。 相似文献
6.
由NOAA卫星AVHRR短波通道1、2反射率反演地表反照率需要3个反演模式,分别是窄-宽波段反射率转换模式、大气顶双向反射模式、大气订正模式.基于模式和国家卫星气象中心接收处理的NOAA-18 AVHRR1B数据,处理了2006年1月至2010年12月的中国区域地表反照率,由于云的影响,15天合成技术用来形成周期为15天的地表反照率数据文件.2006年、2010年2年的处理结果与MODIS同类产品对比,RMS为0.028～0.074、相关系数为0.76～0.93,误差较大出现在冬季,原因是两者15天合成方法不同;5年的日平均地表反照率与21个中国地面气象一级辐射站的观测测值作对比,结果是：RMS为0.053、相关系数为0.88.反演模式系统误差以及云和气溶胶影响是卫星反演地表反照率的主要误差来源. 相似文献
7.
青藏高原地区地气系统太阳辐射能收支的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文利用1982年8月—1983年7月Nimbus-7的月平均行星反射率资料和根据卫星资料得到的地面总辐射、地表反射率的估算结果,分析了青藏高原地区地气系统(大气顶)的太阳辐射能收支和地表、大气对太阳辐射吸收的时空变化特征,给出了表征太阳辐射能收支的一些基本参数,讨论了以行星反射率为基本参数表征大气、地表对太阳辐射吸收的参数化方法。分析表明:过渡季节5月份的行星反射率极小值的出现对青藏高原地区太阳辐射能收支有重要调节作用;全年平均而言,青藏高原地区被地气系统反射和被大气、地表吸收的太阳辐射的比例为37:18:45。 相似文献
8.
利用AVHRR资料分析黑河地区地表特征 总被引：6，自引：7，他引：6
本文利用1985年7月13日15地方时过境的AVHRR卫星资料,分析了黑河流域及邻近(150km)~2范围的地表特征。分析给出了该地区太阳可见光和近红外波段的行星反射率以及大气红外窗区亮度温度的空间变化;较详细地讨论了不同区域下垫面的一些辐射特性;最后对比分析了卫星估算和地面观测结果。 相似文献
9.
根据MODIS卫星第18和19波段的波段特征,首先从理论上证明从这两个波段表观反射率的比值反演大气可降水量的可行性,其次利用MODTRAN模型按照中纬度冬季和夏季两种大气模式对该比值与大气水汽的关系进行模拟,并建立了反演大气水汽的公式.利用贵州地区高空探测数据对反演公式进行验证,并与EOS发布的MODIS近红外水汽反演结果进行比较,发现该公式的反演结果更接近实际探测的结果.由于在反演过程中不必考虑地表覆盖和反射率的差异,摆脱了传统的根据查找表反演水汽的方式,并且直接由18、19波段表观反射率的比值计算大气可降水量,相对于传统算法更易于业务化运行. 相似文献
10.
用MODIS反演北京城市地区地表反照率精度以及算法改进 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
MODIS(MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)地表反照率的精度在乡村地区已经得到了检验,但是至今没有在城市地区的有关研究。地表反照率的精度在很大程度上取决于大气订正的精度,作者利用2002年以来的北京AERONET(国际气溶胶检测网络)站点Cimel气溶胶观测资料对反射率进行大气订正,通过对比来评价MODIS地表反照率算法中大气订正的精度。结果发现,MODIS大气订正在蓝光波段具有明显的过度订正现象,MODIS大气订正后地表反射率平均偏低0.03。MODIS地表反照率在冬季有约75%的缺测,这是因为冬季严重的空气污染使得MODIS云检测得到晴空观测较少。MODIS使用三参数双向反射率函数（BRDF）要求16天以内至少有3次以上的晴空观测（MODIS算法中要求7次）。通过分析MODIS反演得到的三参数,发现虽然它们的绝对值具有明显的季节变化,但是它们的比值是十分稳定的,这样使BRDF函数降低到只需要一个参数,有效降低了对晴空观测次数的要求,这一思想可以应用到热带等晴空日数较少的地区。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献