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“99.8”山东特大暴雨的螺旋度分析 总被引：38，自引：4，他引：34
应用螺旋度理论结合湿度条件对１９９９年８月１１～１２日产生在鲁东南和鲁中北部的大暴雨,特大暴雨天气过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明：暴雨产生在高温、高温和不稳定大气中;５００ｈＰａ以下低层ｋ－螺旋度正值较大。暴雨产生在８５０ｈＰａ螺旋度中心附近。螺旋度的变化对天气系统的移动、发展及暴雨的落区和强度有较好的指示性;螺旋度还反映了大气垂直运动分布特征和旋转状况。 相似文献
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0103号和0104号台风暴雨过程的螺旋度和位涡分析 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
利用螺旋度和位涡对0103号和0104号台风过程进行分析，结果表明：暴雨位于正螺旋中心右侧，当负螺旋度转为正螺旋度并增加时，将出现台风低涡暴雨，当螺旋度减小并由正转负时，暴雨也趋于结束；正螺旋度中心位于登陆台风移动路径的前方。台风中心上空对应正的干位涡（PV）大值中心，而湿位涡（MPV）与暴雨的关系更为密切，700HPA以下MPV为负，700HPA以上MPV为正；台风低涡暴雨位于正负MPV2中心之间的低值区。 相似文献
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利用螺旋度和位涡对 0 10 3号和 0 10 4号台风过程进行分析 ,结果表明 :暴雨位于正螺旋中心右侧 ,当负螺旋度转为正螺旋度并增加时 ,将出现台风低涡暴雨 ,当螺旋度减小并由正转负时 ,暴雨也趋于结束 ;正螺旋度中心位于登陆台风移动路径的前方。台风中心上空对应正的干位涡 (PV)大值中心 ,而湿位涡 (MPV)与暴雨的关系更为密切 ,70 0 HPA以下 MPV为负 ,70 0 HPA以上 MPV为正 ;台风低涡暴雨位于正负 MPV2中心之间的低值区 相似文献
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一次暴雨天气过程的物理量分析 总被引：27，自引：2，他引：27
对2002年发生在闽东的一次暴雨天气过程进行分析。结果表明：螺旋度和对流有效位能对暴雨的预报有指示意义，暴雨产生在低层正螺旋度中心与高层负螺旋度中心相配合和中低层有不稳定能量储存的高能区。在暴雨强盛期，螺旋度呈中低层正值，高层负值的上下配置，最大值位于700hPa。对流有效位能大值区与暴雨中心相对应，对流有效位能的时空变化能较好地反映暴雨的时空演变特征。利用中尺度数值模式输出的结果对不稳定能量场进行分析表明，位势不稳定能量的释放是暴雨产生发展的可能机制之一。 相似文献
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2005年6月广东特大暴雨垂直螺旋度分析 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
利用NCEP1°×1°格点资料和常规观测资料对2005年6月广东发生的连续性特大暴雨过程进行垂直螺旋度诊断分析，结果表明：广东特大暴雨范围、强度与该地区上空中低层正、高层负垂直螺旋度中心迅速增大、减小密切相关，并和中心增大、减小区域也有很好的对应关系。当中低层正螺旋度迅速增大，高层负螺旋度迅速减小或中低层正、高层负螺旋度中心增大、减小区重叠在同一经度或纬度线附近时，对应地面雨强最强和强降水范围最大。过程中龙门连续两天特大暴雨和广东最多暴雨日出现期间，其上空垂直螺旋度对应有中低层正、高层负螺旋度闭合中心向低层明显传送的特征。 相似文献
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广东"05.6暴雨"垂直螺旋度分析 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5
利用NCEP的1°×1°格点资料和常规观测资料,对2005年6月广东发生的连续性特大暴雨进行垂直螺旋度诊断分析,结果表明:广东特大暴雨范围和强度与中低层正、高层负垂直螺旋度中心迅速增大、减小密切相关,并和中心增大、减小区域也有很好对应关系。当中低层正螺旋度迅速增大、高层负螺旋度迅速减小,或中低层正螺旋度中心增大、高层负中心减小区上下对应时,地面雨强最强且强降水范围最大。龙门连续2 d特大暴雨和广东最多暴雨日出现期间,垂直螺旋度有中低层正、高层负螺旋度闭合中心向低层明显传送的特征。 相似文献
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一次三峡大暴雨的地转螺旋度分析 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5
本文引入了地转螺旋度概念，并将其用于一次大暴雨的分析，结果发现；在地转螺旋度垂直剖面图上，在雨区上空３００ｈＰａ附近有一个负的极小值中心，在５００ｈＰａ有一个正的极大值中心，该分布形成原因可用图６解释。 相似文献
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高原东侧突发性大暴雨过程中螺旋度的诊断分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用MM5模式模拟输出结果,对2002年6月8-9日发生在陕西省和四川北部的一次突发性大暴雨过程进行了螺旋度诊断分析.结果表明:暴雨区附近总存在一对紧邻的大小(低层)或正负(中层)螺旋度中心,低层螺旋度正值区强度远大于中高层螺旋度正负值区,对流层中层正负中心的轴线随高度呈逆时针旋转,相应的垂直结构是一对正负相伴的螺旋度柱.当暴雨区东侧正螺旋度突然向高层伸展,西侧伴有负螺旋度发展,且两中心间等值线变密集时,暴雨开始,大小(正负)螺旋度最强及其间等值线最紧密时,暴雨达到最强盛时期,而且暴雨就发生在两螺旋度之间偏大值中心的等值线密集区.进一步分析表明:螺旋度发生发展的主要贡献者是水平速度和水平速度的垂直切变. 相似文献
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利用T213L19资料以及地面和高空观测资料,对2008年7月20～25日一次高原低涡东移引发四川盆地暴雨的机制进行了分析,结果表明:降水的发生、发展与湿位涡的时空演变有很好的对应关系,湿位涡高低层正负区叠加的配置是低涡暴雨发展的有利形势,MPV1负值中心和MPV2正值中心及其包围的密集区是暴雨产生的警戒区。中低层z-螺旋度水平分布对降水落区和强降水中心的分布有较好的指示性,z-螺旋度垂直分布能反映暴雨发生时大气的动力特征,雨区上空高层负涡度、辐散与低层正涡度、辐合相配合,是触发暴雨的动力机制;相对螺旋度与降水落区及降水中心亦配合较好,并与未来6h的降水落区和强度分布存在较好的正相关,这对降水落区及强度分布的预报有一定参考价值,强降水中心通常出现在相对螺旋度梯度的高值一侧。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献