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1.
摘要：利用库尔勒垦区29团气象站2000-2009年气象资料,分别对垦区近10a稳定通过10℃、15℃、20℃界限温度的初、终日期,持续日数,积温及无霜期变化进行了分析。结果表明：近10a库尔勒垦区各界限温度的初日偏早、终日偏晚;稳定通过各界限温度的持续日数均多与历年;各界限温度积温均呈上升趋势;无霜期日数呈略下降趋势且近10a平均初霜日偏早,终霜日明显偏晚。棉花是喜温喜光作物,在棉花播种期、苗期、蕾期及花铃期对热量资源都有一定的需求,通过对热量资源与相应年份棉花单产的相关分析,得出热量资源丰富的年份棉花单产较高。 相似文献
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利用新疆喀什市气象局1971—2010年逐日气象资料,运用线性回归、P检验、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法分析了喀什市热量资源对气候变化的响应特征及对农业的影响。结果表明：近40a喀什市年平均气温呈极显著上升趋势,并于2000年发生了增暖性突变;无霜期明显延长,于1999年从一个相对偏短期跃变为一个相对偏长期;各界限温度积温和持续日数均呈增加趋势;0℃积温在2004年发生了由少到多的突变,20℃初、终日,持续日数,活动积温均在1999年发生了突变,其它各级农业界限温度出现日期、持续日数及活动积温未出现气候突变现象。喀什市热量资源整体增加趋势对农业生产有利。 相似文献
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利用博乐市、精河县2个国家基本气象站1991—2020年气象资料,采用相关分析、气候倾向率、突变检验等统计分析方法分析了近30 a博州地区热量资源变化对棉花生育期的影响。结果表明：(1)棉花生育期月平均气温、≥10℃积温呈明显上升趋势,≥35℃高温日数呈缓慢增加趋势;初霜期延后,终霜期提前,无霜期延长;日照时数呈缓慢增加趋势。(2)棉花生育期平均气温、≥10℃积温、无霜期的突变,博乐分别发生在2005、2008、2008年,精河分别发生在2005、2005、2011年,突变后两地平均气温分别增加0.6、1.2℃,≥10℃积温分别增加247.1、334.4℃·d,无霜期分别延长13.6、11.4 d;棉花生育期日数呈现增加趋势,博乐市、精河县变化趋势率分别为1.9、7.5 d/10 a。(3)相关分析表明,平均气温、10℃积温越高,棉花各发育期越提前,生育期越长;35℃高温日数越多,现蕾期、开花期、裂铃期越提前;无霜期越长、日照条件越好,对棉花生长越有利。(4)气候变化对博州地区棉花生产以有利为主。 相似文献
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冯浩 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2013,7(1):65-68
根据新疆且末气象站1981—2010年气象整编资料,采用线性趋势分析、滑动平均、距平分析等方法,分析热量资源的变化特征。结果表明,近30 a来年平均气温呈上升趋势;≥0、≥10℃积温明显增加;日平均气温稳定通过0、10、15、20℃初日提前,终日稳定推后,持续日数增加;无霜期延长。且末荒漠与绿洲热量资源若能够得到合理利用,农业自然生产潜力还很大。 相似文献
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扎兰屯地区近30年气象条件变化及与作物产量的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用扎兰屯地区1971-2000年的温度和降水资料，分析大于等于0℃、10℃、15℃、20℃活动积温的变化及各界限温度持续期间降水的变化，发现它们都呈上升趋势。用10年直线滑动平均法对扎兰屯地区作物产量资料进行处理，分离出趋势产量和气象产量，计算各气象因子与气象产量的相关系数，分析气象因子对产量的影响。玉米和大豆产量与积温关系较大，积温增加使产量增加；马铃薯和小麦产量则与降水量关系较大，降水增多会使产量降低。 相似文献
6.
利用石河子棉区4个气象站1971-2020年的逐日气象资料,采用气候倾向率、累计距平、均方差、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析了石河子棉区10℃积温的时空变化特征。结果表明;石河子棉区各地及全区≥10℃初日呈显著提前趋势,≥10℃终日略微推迟,≥10℃持续日数显著延长,≥10℃积温明显增多。≥10℃积温及持续日数均在1964年发生了由少到多的突变,≥10℃积温主要在5-9月,7月为高峰值。≥10℃积温正常年份最多,概率超过64%,依次向两端递减。≥10℃积温偏低地区主要在莫索湾,≥10℃积温偏高地区主要在乌兰乌苏。阶段Ⅱ（1995-2020年）与阶段Ⅰ（1961-1994年）相比,≥10℃积温3500-3800℃·d明显减少,3800-4100℃·d明显增多。气候变化背景下,石河子棉区热量条件有较好的改善,棉花低温冷害会有所减轻,石河子棉区品中布局仍应以早熟或特早熟为主。 相似文献
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利用石河子棉区4个气象站1971—2020年逐日气象资料，采用气候倾向率、累积距平、均方差、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法，分析了石河子棉区≥10℃积温的变化特征。结果表明：石河子棉区≥10℃初日呈显著提前趋势，终日略微推迟，持续日数显著延长，积温明显增多；≥10℃积温及持续日数均在1994年发生了由少到多的突变；≥10℃积温正常年份的概率超过64%，依次向两端递减；≥10℃积温偏低地区主要在莫索湾，偏高地区主要在乌兰乌苏。气候变化背景下，石河子棉区热量条件有较好的改善，棉花延迟型低温冷害有所减轻，石河子棉区品种布局应以早熟棉为主。 相似文献
9.
1971-2010年雅鲁藏布江中游气候生长期变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1971-2010年雅鲁藏布江中游河谷地区拉萨、日喀则、泽当和江孜4个站逐日平均气温和降水量资料,分析了该地区气候生长期变化特征。结果表明:(1)雅鲁藏布江中游地区各界限温度气候生长期以5~8 d·(10a)-1的速率增加,其中≥0℃和≥10℃界限温度的气候生长期都增加了30天左右,≥5℃气候生长期增加了20天左右;以稳定通过10℃界限温度来判断,该地区冬半年时间在缩短,夏半年时间在延长。(2)该地区稳定通过各界限温度的初日提前、终日推后,持续天数和活动积温增加趋势显著;≥10℃界限温度的降水量和降水日数增加趋势显著,分别以19 mm·(10a)-1和1.5 d·(10a)-1的速率增加,且在20世纪80年代末发生突变,表明该地区稳定通过10℃界限温度的水热条件显著地向暖湿变化。(3)各界限温度的终日年际变化相对较稳定,其他要素年际变化均处于不稳定状态;年代际变化上,≥10℃界限温度的初日、终日、持续天数以及各界限温度的活动积温保持台阶式变化,其他要素呈波动变化,最小值出现在20世纪80年代。(4)≥10℃界限温度的终日、持续天数和活动积温的变化趋势在20世纪90年代后期出现突变现象,表明≥10℃界限温度的终日显著推后趋势对夏半年的延长贡献最大。 相似文献
10.
本文选取黑龙江省80个地面气象站1961～2005年≥10℃积温资料,积温用逐日平均气温通过5 d滑动平均方法计算得出;对黑龙江省45 a来的积温变化规律采用M-K方法进行突变检验.结果表明:随着全球气候变暖,近45 a黑龙江省≥10℃积温呈明显增加趋势:积温年代际变化在20世纪70年代呈小幅减小.后显著增加的变化趋势;积温年变化曲线在1993年发生一次迅速增加的突变.从黑龙江省≥10℃积温变化分析,全年热量明显增加,对黑龙江省农业生产十分有利,可以大幅度提高粮食作物总产量,但种植结构也需适应性调整. 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献