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渤海赤潮藻类生态动力学模型的非线性动力学研究 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:11
基于渤海典型赤潮藻类——中肋骨条藻 ,考虑浮游动物的捕食、光照及营养物质的作用 ,建立了渤海湾的浮游动物—藻类—营养物质三者的动力学模型。运用现代非线性动力学理论着重分析了模型的稳定性及分岔行为。研究了多个参数对藻类生长的影响 ,发现某些参数对藻类的生长影响不大 ,而某些参数则会致使藻类模型出现分岔乃至混沌行为 ,并给出了这些参数的阀值 ,这与赤潮的形成 (爆发性增殖 )密切相关 ;并根据渤海湾的赤潮数据进行了有效的数值模拟 ,所得结果对于研究赤潮的形成机理有一定的参考价值 相似文献
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藻类生长的光照生态辐是指在一定光照强度范围内藻类能生长和繁殖的水平范围,由藻类生长的最适光照强度、光照强度适宜生长范围和光照强度耐受限度构成。为了定量获取藻类生长的光照生态幅,在室内培养条件下,分别研究了三个温度(18、22、25℃)条件下六个不同光照强度[28.32、55.15、75.06、96.59、111.66和135.75μmol/(m2·s)]对米氏凯伦藻和东海原甲藻细胞数和最大比生长率的影响,依据Shelford耐受性定律建立了米氏凯伦藻和东海原甲藻的光照耐受性模型,并得到了藻类生长的最适光强、光强适宜生长范围和光强耐受限度的定量表达。结果表明:无论是米氏凯伦藻还是东海原甲藻,在同一温度条件下,在实验设定的光照强度水平范围内,均分别存在一个适宜藻类生长的最适光强Iopt,且当光强I ≤ Iopt时,藻类细胞密度和比生长率均随着光强的升高而显著增大;而当I ≥ Iopt时,藻类细胞密度和比生长率随着光强的升高而显著减小。此外,随着培养温度的升高,藻类细胞密度和比生长率均呈现"先升后降"的变化趋势。建立的藻类生长光照耐受性模型与Shelford耐受定律较为吻合,并定量得到了米氏凯伦藻在18、22、25℃下的最适生长光强分别为81.48、80.15、79.27μmol/(m2·s);光强适宜生长范围分别为33.11-162.96、32.57-160.3、32.03-158.54μmol/(m2·s);东海原甲藻在18、22、25℃下的最适生长光强分别为79.39、78.19、76.69μmol/(m2·s);光强适宜生长范围分别为31.89-158.78、31.77-156.38、31.18-153.38μmol/(m2·s)。 相似文献
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赤潮生态动力学模型初探 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
我国有害赤潮的发生呈明显上升趋势,其发生频率趋高,持续时间增长、范围变广、危害扩大、赤潮类型呈多样化。赤潮发生受各种自然环境因素,水文、气象、地形地貌以及水体本身物理、化学、生物特性的影响,各影响因子之间又有密切的相互联系,相互制约关系,研究需要涉及多种学科。为了对赤潮问题做更深入的研究,必须借助动力学方法综合考虑各种过程以便从整体上探讨赤潮发生、发展的规律。因此,人们开始研究建立赤潮生态系统动力学模型。目前,赤潮数值模拟研究刚刚起步,要对赤潮进行有效的预测预报,必须将河口海湾水流运动和水体理化参数变化规律的精确描述和模拟结合起来,不仅模拟水生生物生存环境因子,而且还模拟生物本身的生消过程。 相似文献
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作者根据大量试验和调查数据的分析,提出烟单14号夏玉米在高产条件下,亩穗数、穗粒数、千粒重三因素的最佳取值范围。 亩穗数:3569~4980 穗/亩; 穗粒数:423~526 粒/穗; 千粒重:259~278 克/1000粒。 相似文献
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Naoki Nagai Kazuaki Tadokoro Kazunori Kuroda Takashige Sugimoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(5):597-606
A long-term variation in dominant species of chaetognaths in the Tsushima Warm Current was analyzed using samples collected
four times a year from 1972 to 2002 by the Maizuru Marine Observatory along the PM transect in the Japan Sea. Of 19 occurring
species, 13 subtropical species formed a major portion of the standing stock. Species richness in the study area was similar
to that in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. Four species, Sagitta minima, S. nagae, S. enflata, S. elegans dominated in the upper 150 m water column. The most dominant species per season were S. minima in both winter and autumn, S. elegans in spring and S. nagae in summer. Water temperature and salinity ranges of the most frequent occurrence for three dominant species revealed a common
tendency in the order of S. nagae > S. minima > S. enflata towards colder temperature and higher salinity. Inter-annual abundance of chaetognath species fluctuated proportionally in
response to the warm or cool phases in water temperature. Water temperature was a fundamental factor in regulating distributional
occurrence, being more decisive than salinity. Changes of both dominant species and species numbers in relation to the reduced
abundance during winter to spring and the subsequent increase during summer to autumn might be caused by specific differences
in optimum temperature. Chaetognath species are important as an indicator of water masses and significant for our understanding
of changes and evaluations of the Japan Sea ecosystem. 相似文献
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海洋声场环境是决定海军作战行动成败的重要组成要素之一,海洋的垂直温度结构作为影响声速场的最重要因素,为了更精确更为实际的反映其分布特点,对其各种数据进行同化研究是十分必要的。文中针对海温数据来源的特点,提出了一种海温数据同化的最优插值方法,较好地完成了各种观测数据与背景数据的同化,并用各种数据进行了检验,其结果表明,利用最优插值法对海温数据进行同化处理是可行的,且同化效果比较理想。 相似文献
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α-1,4-葡聚糖裂解酶的动力学性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sun Xue 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):230-236
红藻中的α-1,4-葡聚糖裂解酶是红藻淀粉的降解酶,除了 红藻淀粉外,它还可以作用于多种底物。文中分别以PNPG和可溶性淀粉作底物,以龙须菜的 几个品系作为材料,研究了该酶促反应的动力学方面的性质。以 PNPG作为底物,该酶在60m in内酶促反应速度与保温时间成线性关系;在野生型龙须菜品系中该酶的最适反应温度是50 ℃,在两种突变型品系中是40℃;最适pH范围在4.4~5.5;底物浓度是4mmol/L时达到最大反 应速度;葡萄糖对该酶促反应有明显的抑制作用。以可溶性淀粉作为底物,在反应60 min内 酶反应速度与保温时间成线性关系;最适反应温度为50℃;最适pH范围在5.0~5.8;底物浓 度是8mg/mL时达到最大反应速度;葡萄糖对可溶性淀粉的抑制作用比对PNPG的弱。 相似文献
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A new 0.1° gridded daily sea surface temperature(SST) data product is presented covering the years 2003–2015. It is created by fusing satellite SST data retrievals from four microwave(Wind Sat, AMSR-E, ASMR2 and HY-2 A RM)and two infrared(MODIS and AVHRR) radiometers(RMs) based on the optimum interpolation(OI) method. The effect of including HY-2 A RM SST data in the fusion product is studied, and the accuracy of the new SST product is determined by various comparisons with moored and drifting buoy measurements. An evaluation using global tropical moored buoy measurements shows that the root mean square error(RMSE) of the new gridded SST product is generally less than 0.5℃. A comparison with US National Data Buoy Center meteorological and oceanographic moored buoy observations shows that the RMSE of the new product is generally less than 0.8℃. A comparison with measurements from drifting buoys shows an RMSE of 0.52–0.69℃. Furthermore, the consistency of the new gridded SST dataset and the Remote Sensing Systems microwave-infrared SST dataset is evaluated, and the result shows that no significant inconsistency exists between these two products. 相似文献
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研究了质量为148.88 g±17.29 g和16.32 g±2.23g两种规格的条纹锯(Centropristis striata)鱼种对高温的耐受性及高温胁迫后恢复方式的适应.结果表明:大规格鱼种的高温半致死温度为26.80℃,最适温度上限为20.38℃.小规格鱼种的高温半致死温度为29.26℃,最适温度上限为25.11℃.依据实验鱼种耗氧率的恢复情况可以断定:在暴露于高温半致死温度48 h或72 h条件下,直接恢复方式略优于梯度恢复方式;而暴露24 h 条件下,两种恢复方式的作用无明显差异.高温半致死温度暴露下,要避免条纹锯达到半数死亡则积温不能超过(1064.67±72.01)℃?h. 相似文献
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热带印度洋SST的日变化幅度受到大气季节内振荡(Madden-Julian Oscillation,MJO)的调制,其在MJO对流最强(弱)位相达到极小(大)值,并且在MJO对流增强位相显著强于其对流减弱位相。本文利用逐时的再分析海表通量强迫一维海洋混合层模式,定量地诊断了MJO事件中SST日变化的差异成因。结果表明,SST日变化在MJO对流最强与最弱位相的显著差异主要是由短波辐射的季节内变化所致(40%),其次是风应力(38%)和潜热通量(14%),其他要素的影响较小。而SST日变化在MJO对流增强与减弱位相所呈现的不对称特征,主要是由纬向风应力的不对称性所致,这是MJO扰动结构与背景环流相互作用的结果。 相似文献
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Temperature and salinity data obtained by the Iwate Fisheries Technology Center were analyzed for the period 1971–1995. It
was found that occurrence frequency distributions of temperature and salinity are very skewed at depths deeper than 200 m
and that temperature sometimes exceeds m + 5σ (m: mean and σ: standard deviation. If such abnormally high temperatures are
real the 3σ criterion cannot be adopted. Oceanic conditions were surveyed in 1972 and 1979, when temperatures exceeding m
+ 5σ were observed. It was found that the abnormally high temperature (and high salinity) water was the pure Kuroshio Water
introduced into the region due to some special conditions such as abnormal approach of large warm-core ring to the Sanriku
Coast or abnormal northward extension of the Kuroshio along the coast. These events are very rare, occurring only twice in
the 25-year period analyzed, but the abnormally high temperature observed is real.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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几种海洋微藻的碱性磷酸酶性质初步研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对5种海洋微藻产生的碱性磷酸酶的性质进行了初步研究并确定了碱性磷酸酶的测定条件。结果表明,在pH 8.2的环境中,各藻产生的碱性磷酸酶最佳反应温度在40~50℃内,且存在一定差异;40℃下酶促反应恒速时间及米氏常数也有所不同,酶活恒速时间顺序为东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)<强壮前沟藻(Amphidinium carterae)<旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)<中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)<塔玛亚历山大藻(Al-exandrium tamarense);米氏常数大小顺序为塔玛亚历山大藻<东海原甲藻<中肋骨条藻<强壮前沟藻<旋链角毛藻。碱性磷酸酶测定条件为:温度40℃,反应时间90 min,底物浓度260μmol/L。 相似文献