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在传统能源日渐枯竭以及环境污染日益严重的情况下,以可再生能源为主的能源结构正逐渐取代以化石燃料为主的能源结构。海洋可再生能源作为一种储量巨大的可再生清洁能源受到了广泛的重视。文章在广泛整理、分析世界不同种类海洋可再生能源开发利用现状的基础上,结合我国海洋可再生能源开发利用实际及存在的问题,尝试提出我国海洋可再生能源的发展建议:明确我国海洋可再生能源状况,科学制定开发利用规划;考虑潜在环境问题,慎重推进海洋能发电站的巨型化;加强技术研发,促进海洋能资源的综合利用;开展国际合作,加速我国海洋能技术的发展。 相似文献
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我国海洋可再生能源开发利用在"十二五"期间取得了较快的发展,为"十三五"时期实现海洋能稳定发电奠定了坚实基础,为贯彻落实"建设海洋强国"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"战略,必须找准海洋能发展的战略定位,设立科学有效的发展目标,促进我国海洋能技术早日走上产业化发展道路。 相似文献
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海洋可再生能源不仅具有巨大的清洁能源收益,而且具有可观的生态旅游收益。文章以国家首批"海洋可再生能源专项资金项目"乳山口4万千瓦级潮汐电站预可研项目为例,采用意愿调查法(CVM)评估其潜在的生态旅游收益,得到乳山口潮汐电站生态旅游的平均支付意愿为33.99元/人,潮汐电站建成后在运营期限内总的旅游收益为166.42亿元、平均旅游收益为5.20亿元/a;评估结论既可为判断海洋可再生能源项目的投资可行性和成本收益分析提供依据,亦可为当地旅游业的规划与发展提供建议和参考。 相似文献
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随着海洋经济的迅速发展,开发利用海洋资源与保护生态环境之间的矛盾日益突出,因此,评估绿色海洋经济可持续发展的态势对促进海洋经济和生态环境的协调发展意义深远。本文以江苏省为研究区,利用能值分析理论和方法,将海洋经济系统内可更新资源、不可更新资源、货币流、废物流等各类要素,通过能值转换率转换为统一标准的太阳能值,采用海域能值-货币比率、人均海域能值使用量、能值可持续发展指数、绿色海洋生产总值(绿色GOP)等指标,测度了2011—2015年江苏省绿色海洋经济可持续发展水平,旨在推进海洋经济可持续发展研究方法的应用,为江苏省海洋经济系统的综合评价及可持续发展管理提供科学依据。研究表明:(1)2011—2015年,江苏省绿色GOP持续增长,占传统GOP的比重从74.8%升至77.8%,表明江苏省在海洋经济快速增长的过程中,没有忽视对海洋资源和生态环境的保护。(2)江苏省绿色海洋经济可持续发展处于不稳定的状态:2011年可持续发展指数为12.77,2012—2015年可持续发展指数在6.87～9.70之间波动,表明江苏省海洋经济系统从经济不发达以及对海洋资源的开发利用程度不足,逐步过渡到海洋经济富有活力,发展效益好,可持续性强。 相似文献
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Renewable energy from the ocean 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Growing concern over the threat of global climate change has led to an increased interest in research and development of renewable energy technologies. The ocean provides a vast source of potential energy resources, and as renewable energy technology develops, investment in ocean energy is likely to grow. Research in ocean thermal energy conversion, wave energy, tidal energy, and offshore wind energy has led to promising technologies and in some cases, commercial deployment. These sources have the potential to help alleviate the global climate change threat, but the ocean environment should be protected while these technologies are developed. Renewable energy sources from the ocean may be exploited without harming the marine environment if projects are sited and scaled appropriately and environmental guidelines are followed. 相似文献
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潮流能无污染,可预测性高,环境影响小,是一种非常有发展潜力的可再生能源.近年来,潮流能开发技术发展迅速,日趋成熟.我国潮流能资源丰富,合理有效的开发潮流能资源对保障我国的能源安全意义重大.文中总结我国潮流能开发利用中存在的主要问题,提出我国潮流能开发工作的几点建议. 相似文献
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海岛绿色发展是保护海洋生态环境、建设海洋强国的重要途径和必然要求。本文提出海岛绿色发展指数（IGDI）概念,从能源消耗与资源利用、环境管理与治理、环境质量与安全、经济增长质量、绿色生活水平、公众满意度等6个方面选取22个指标构建海岛绿色发展指数评价指标体系,运用DEMATEL与AHP相结合的方法,对海岛绿色发展关键影响因子进行识别,并以12个海岛县（市、区）（以下简称“海岛县”）为例进行评价与分析。结果显示：（1）经济聚集程度（2.15）、单位GDP能耗（2.01）指标影响度大于2,环境污染治理投资占GDP比重、碳排放强度、生态损害和环境污染情况、岛陆开发程度、第三产业增加值比重、生活垃圾处理率等指标影响度均大于1,反映出环境管理与治理、能源消耗与资源利用、经济增长质量是决定海岛绿色发展成效的关键。（2）12个海岛县的海岛绿色发展指数评价值均值为74.37,其中嵊泗县的评价值最高（88.24）,崇明区的评价值最低（65.57）,反映出我国海岛绿色发展程度整体不高,海岛之间的绿色发展程度差异较大。（3）推动海岛绿色发展需坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,强化基于绿色发展理念的海岛综合管理,推动海岛产业绿色转型升级,实施海岛生态整治修复,提升海岛生态系统碳汇能力。 相似文献
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Wave energy fluctuating a great deal endangers the security of power grid especially micro grid in island. A DC nano grid supported by batteries is proposed to smooth the output power of wave energy converters (WECs). Thus, renewable energy converters connected to DC grid is a new subject. The characteristics of WECs are very important to the connection technology of HPTO type WECs and DC nano grid. Hydraulic power take-off system (HPTO) is the core unit of the largest category of WECs, with the functions of supplying suitable damping for a WEC to absorb wave energy, and converting captured wave energy to electricity. The HPTO is divided into a hydraulic energy storage system (HESS) and a hydraulic power generation system (HPGS). A primary numerical model for the HPGS is established in this paper. Three important basic characteristics of the HPGS are deduced, which reveal how the generator load determines the HPGS rotation rate. Therefore, the connector of HPTO type WEC and DC nano grid would be an uncontrollable rectifier with high reliability, also would be a controllable power converter with high efficiency, such as interleaved boost converter-IBC. The research shows that it is very flexible to connect to DC nano grid for WECs, but bypass resistance loads are indispensable for the security of WECs.. 相似文献
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Marine renewable energy and public rights 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Paul Todd 《Marine Policy》2012,36(3):667-672
Marine renewable energy is likely to be an important part of UK energy policy over the next decades. A start has already been made, but to generate power on a significant scale requires the use of vast areas of ocean, on which there are competing claims. Legislation, and in particular the Energy Act 2004, goes a long way towards giving developers the legal infrastructure they need, to invest with confidence. But it is far from perfect, in dealing with important competing rights. This article has a narrow (but important) focus. It assumes that there are no problems over jurisdiction or international law. It is concerned principally with the rights of UK citizens. The issue is about reconciling the generation of large-scale marine renewable energy with other legitimate uses of the sea, and in particular fishing and navigation rights. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
The air pollutant emissions of the ships at port represent a small percentage of the overall emissions from shipping however they are concentrated in a small area. In Mytilene, Lesvos, the port is located within the city limits, resulting in air pollution, congestion and noise, especially during the tourist season. The aim of this study is to estimate the quantities of particulate matter and CO2 emitted by ships in the port of Mytilene and to explore the potential of shore side electricity to reduce the emissions. The emissions were estimated using the bottom–up methodology, based on the activity of the ships in the port (berthing, maneuvering). Simulation of renewable energy sources was made using Homer Energy microgrid simulation software. The results showed that between the 10th and 20th of August 2012, there were 40 calls of passenger ships, tankers and bulk carriers in the port of Mytilene, emitting 441 kg of PM10 and 282 metric tonnes of CO2. About 63% of PM10 and 77% of CO2 were emitted at the berthing phase and the remaining during the maneuvering. These emissions could be reduced by providing electricity to the ships from a hybrid renewable energy system with wind turbines and photovoltaics, connected to the grid. Simulations showed that the total energy requirements of the ships in the port of Mytilene could be covered by four 1.5 MW wind turbines combined with a 5 MW photovoltaics. With this configuration, renewable energy will exceed the ships' electricity needs for most of the time in order not to increase the power station's load. The excess energy could be fed to the islands' grid, so a costly battery storage system is not necessary to handle the variations of alternative energy. In this way, a considerable reduction of the CO2 and PM10 emissions by the ships in the port occurs, providing a viable solution for a cleaner and healthier environment. 相似文献
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围垦不仅是浙江省缓解土地资源的一条重要途径,而且在该省经济发展中发挥了巨大作用.随着浙江省经济可持续发展总体目标的提出,对围垦的要求上升到了"生态围垦"的高度:这就是坚持围垦系统规划的生态性;大力开展设计创新,提高围涂技术水平,以符合"生态围垦"的设计要求;创新施工工艺,优化施工组织,以满足"生态围垦"工程的建设要求;坚持适度分期开发,积极开展绩效评估,以适应"生态围垦"工程的运行管理要求.以科技进步为基础的"生态围垦",对推动浙江省经济可持续发展有着战略性的意义. 相似文献
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海岛生态系统是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分。近年来,随着海岛人为活动数量不断增加,加速了对海岛生态环境的破坏,一些海岛生态失衡严重,生态系统受损加剧。而对受损海岛生态系统开展人工参与下的主动式生态恢复,是目前较为主流的恢复方法和手段,菩提岛整治修复项目正是基于上述修复理念开展并完成的。本文以菩提岛海岛及周边海域为研究区域,基于PSR模型,以RS方式为主要指标获取方式,构建了适用于我国海岛整治修复模式下的海岛生态系统健康评价体系,对其整治修复前后生态系统健康状况开展评价分析。结果显示:2008年,该岛生态系统健康值IEI为0.374 0,生态系统较脆弱,整体状况较差,亟须开展保护与修复工作;2014年,经岛体修复并趋于稳定状态后,该岛生态系统健康值IEI提升至0.673 8,生态系统较健康,处于稳定状态,但仍具有上升空间。经整治修复前后纵向对比,生态系统健康波动值ΔIEI为0.299 8,表明该岛生态系统经过修复后已有所好转。 相似文献