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1.
针对机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)对海探测特点,采用多入射角法从SAR数据本身得到与海浪参数反演区域时空匹配的同步海面风速和风向,并结合线性变换关系,计算得到海浪初猜谱对应的仿真SAR图像谱,将仿真SAR图像谱和观测SAR图像谱输入代价函数中进行迭代运算,通过非线性方程的解算得到最适海浪谱;采用交叉谱法去除海浪传播180°方向模糊,最终得到海浪参数。论文提出的基于同步风场的机载SAR海浪参数反演方法,充分利用了机载SAR海洋环境探测的优势,解决了传统SAR海浪参数反演中初猜谱构造依赖外部风场的问题,机载同步飞行试验的海浪参数反演结果与浮标观测值的有效波高、波向的均方根误差分别为0.23 m和13.23°,验证了该方法的有效性,可为机载SAR海浪参数反演业务化提供支持。 相似文献
2.
本文根据相干斑噪声的时间快变特征和非海浪纹理现象的时间缓变特征，基于交叉谱提出了一种对相干斑噪声和大尺度非海浪纹理的抑制的方法，进而结合SAR图像谱和海浪谱之间的准线性映射关系，基于SAR数据对海浪参数进行了反演。在反演过程中，首先仿真分析了不同海况下准线性近似法的海浪反演能力，结果表明：风浪引起的方位向截断效应会显著影响反演精度，因此该方法在低风速时的涌浪反演精度更高。通过将基于Sentinel-1卫星2020年的波模式SAR数据的反演结果与欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)提供的再分析数据进行对比，发现高海况海浪有效波高反演结果明显偏低，而且该反演误差与风速、方位向截断波长之间存在显著相关性。为了提高有效波高的反演精度，本文进一步给出了海浪有效波高反演误差与风速、方位向截断波长之间的经验校正函数模型，结果显示，通过该模型修正后的海浪有效波高反演结果与ECMWF数据和浮标测量数据具有良好一致性。 相似文献
3.
在实验室风浪水槽中进行纯风浪和混合浪波面位移观测,研究波长较长的规则波对风浪能量的影响.本文用混合浪和纯风浪中的风浪显著波的零阶谱矩之比代表混合浪中的风浪与纯风浪能量之比,并以此表征涌浪对风浪能量的影响.研究了该能量比随涌浪波陡S、风区x、波龄倒数u/C、涌浪频率与纯风浪谱峰频率之比fs/fwp的变化规律.结果表明,涌浪对风浪能量的抑制作用随涌浪波陡的增加、波龄倒数的增大及涌浪频率与纯风浪谱峰频率之比的增大而增强.发现该能量比依赖于无因次量R=(1+80(πS)2)1.9(fs/fwp)0.9(u/C)0.27,并拟合得到2者的经验关系.此外,本文实验还发现,在某些情况下,涌浪的存在使风浪能量增加. 相似文献
4.
本文首先对合成孔径雷达（SAR）海浪成像中的3种调制（倾斜调制、流体力学调制与速度聚束调制）的影响进行了对比分析,结果显示:速度聚束调制对SAR图像的影响最为显著。另外,由于SAR图像中固有相干斑噪声的存在,较低波数范围的噪声难以滤除或抑制,利用经典MPI方法反演海浪谱会造成低波数范围谱值偏大。基于此,本文借鉴经典MPI海浪谱反演算法,建立了基于速度聚束调制的海浪方位向斜率谱和有效波高的反演算法。通过将经典MPI方法、同极化调制法及本文算法等3种海浪反演方法所得有效波高与浮标数据进行比较,结果显示:本文方法反演得到的海浪有效波高与浮标数据获得的有效波高之间的均方误差为0.79 m,为3种方法中最小。 相似文献
5.
搭载在欧洲环境卫星(ENVISAT)上的高级合成孔径雷达(Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar,ASAR)二级波模式数据提供了诸多海浪信息包括有效波高、波向、波长和二维海浪谱等,在海浪预报模式中具有重要作用。本文拟利用浮标观测数据对ASAR波模式算法及其反演数据精度进行对比验证。由于SAR卫星在海面的特殊成像机制,不同海况下会有不同的测量结果,通过与美国国家浮标中心(NDBC)的浮标数据对比,显示ASAR有效波高在高海况下低估和在低海况下高估的现象,在中等海况下的测量结果较优。通过研究ASAR数据集中对应的海浪谱,按照能量与方向分布可分为四种类型:单一方向海浪谱(Ⅰ类谱),180°方向模糊海浪谱(Ⅱ类谱),海浪两个方向且能量分布杂乱(Ⅲ类谱),多个传播方向且谱型杂乱海浪谱(Ⅳ类谱)。探究在不同类型下的海浪参数的精度,结果表明在单一波向正常海浪谱情况下,有效波高、波向与浮标数据一致性较好,存在180°方向模糊的对称海浪谱仅有效波高精度较高,谱型杂乱的海浪谱海浪有效波高和波向反演结果均较差。 相似文献
6.
《海洋湖沼通报》2020,(2)
研究基于合成孔径雷达SAR影像数据提出了一种快速反演我国近海表风场的BP神经网络算法。采用2DFFT算法与BP神经网络算法进行海表风向反演结果对比,验证了BP神经网络算法反演海表风向的可行性和直接性。选取2012年2月4日及2012年2月23日两景ENVISAT ASAR影像对我国近海海表风场进行反演,并加以ERA-Interim、NCEP、HY-2微波散射计三种风场产品,进行结果验证。实验表明:BP神经网络算法反演的海表风场与ERA-Interim、NCEP、HY-2微波散射计三种风场产品矢量(风向°,风速m/s)的、CC_(max)、RESE_(max)、BIAS_(max)、NRMSE_(max)分别为(0.8,0.7)、(13.6,1.6)、(10.5,0.46)、(11.4,0.99)、(0.06,0.13)。本文的研究亦可为"21世纪海上丝绸之路"的风能开发、极值风速研究等提供技术支持。 相似文献
7.
利用来自ECMWF具有较高时空分辨率的近45年ERA-40海表风场资料和将风浪、涌浪分离的ERA-40海浪再分析资料,分析了南海海表风场、海浪场与厄尔尼诺的相关性.研究发现:(1)南海的海表风场、海浪场与nin03指数有着密切的关系,其中涌浪、混合浪与nin03指数的相关性好于风浪;7月和10月海浪场与nin03指数的相关性好于1月和4月,其中4月相关性为全年最低.(2)南海海表风场、风浪、涌浪、混合浪场第一模态空间分布均呈现东北-西南走向的高值区分布,风浪场与海表风场具有较好的对应关系,而混合浪场则更多的是包含了涌浪的信息.(3)南海海表风场、风浪、涌浪、混合浪场存在3-3.75年的共同周期.南海的海表风场、风浪场与nin03指数存在的3.3年左右、5年左右的共同周期,涌浪场、混合浪场与nin03指数存在的3-4年左右的共同周期. 相似文献
8.
星载合成孔径雷达海浪图像谱仿真研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用Hasselm ann 的完全非线性积分方法对文氏海浪谱的星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像谱进行了仿真研究。结果表明: (1) 在星载SAR海浪成像过程中, 速度聚束调制远比水动力调制、倾斜调制和距离向聚束调制重要;(2) 图像谱有180°的方向模糊和方位向的高波数截断,距离向传播海浪的图像谱存在双峰现象; (3) 不同极化方式和雷达视向的选取对图像谱无明显影响, 因而对于海浪的星载SAR遥感而言, 可以采用单一极化和单一视向。对于不同成长状态的风浪而言, 以上结果保持不变。 相似文献
9.
台风作用下琼州海峡海域波浪特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过在拟建琼州海峡跨海大桥西线方案主通航孔位置布置波浪测点,采集到2012年13号台风"启德"和23号台风"山神"期间波浪数据,结合两场台风期间波浪频谱和方向谱的变化,分析了该区域在台风期间的波浪特征,并进一步对风浪和涌浪进行了判别。研究结果表明:1)台风"启德"期间,海域波浪谱峰周期在3.38.0 s之间,最大谱峰值为7.92 m2/s,波浪方向为W8.0 s之间,最大谱峰值为7.92 m2/s,波浪方向为WN向,且频谱和方向谱的变化过程反映了风浪到涌浪的转变;2)台风"山神"期间,海域波浪谱峰周期在5.0N向,且频谱和方向谱的变化过程反映了风浪到涌浪的转变;2)台风"山神"期间,海域波浪谱峰周期在5.06.5 s之间,最大谱峰值为2.70 m2/s,波浪方向为E6.5 s之间,最大谱峰值为2.70 m2/s,波浪方向为EESE向,波浪以风浪为主;3)琼州海峡海域大周期波浪主要受到台风引起的涌浪影响,涌浪周期的范围大约在6.5ESE向,波浪以风浪为主;3)琼州海峡海域大周期波浪主要受到台风引起的涌浪影响,涌浪周期的范围大约在6.510.0 s之间。 相似文献
10.
基于星载波谱仪海浪方向谱探测原理，仿真了不同海况、风速下的海浪波谱仪接收信号，并采用周期图法、Welch法、AR模型法以及最小方差法共4种不同的调制谱估计方法反演出海浪谱，比较各种调制谱估计方法的海浪方向谱反演性能。仿真结果表明:对于一定方位向下的一维海浪谱反演，不同调制谱估计方法反演海浪谱性能优劣没有绝对的顺序。对于二维海浪谱反演，在成长中海浪条件下周期图法反演性能最差，其他3种方法的反演性能没有绝对优劣顺序；对于成熟风浪，最小方差法在积分能量误差、有效波高误差两个指标上的反演性能最好，在主波波向、主波波长误差上，周期图法反演性能最差，其他3种方法没有绝对优劣顺序。在涌浪条件下，AR模型法反演性能优于其他3种方法。在不同海况下，随着波谱仪中心入射角的下降，反演性能会下降。基于这些仿真结果，本文推荐最小方差法作为充分成长海浪的海浪方向谱反演的调制谱估计方法，AR模型法作为涌浪海浪方向谱反演的调制谱估计方法。 相似文献
11.
A semiempirical algorithm for SAR wave height retrieval and its validation using Envisat ASAR wave mode data 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Many synthetic aperture radar(SAR) wave height retrieval algorithms have been developed.However,the wave height retrievals from most existing methods either depend on other input as the first guess or are restricted to the long wave regime.A semiempirical algorithm is presented,which has the objective to estimate the wave height from SAR imagery without any prior knowledge.The proposed novel algorithm was developed based on the theoretical SAR ocean wave imaging mechanism and the empirical relation between two types of wave period.The dependency of the proposed model on radar incident and wave direction was analyzed.For Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar(ASAR) wave mode data,the model can be reduced to the simple form with two input parameters,i.e.,the cutoff wavelength and peak wavelength of ocean wave,which can be retrieved from SAR imagery without any prior knowledge of wind or wave.Using Envisat ASAR wave mode data and the collocated buoy measurements from NDBC,the semiempirical algorithm is validated and compared with the Envisat ASAR level 2 products.The root-mean-square-error(RMSE) and scatter index(SI) in respect to the in situ measurements are 0.52 m and 19% respectively.Validation results indicate that,for Envisat ASAR wave mode data,the proposed method works well. 相似文献
12.
《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2005,30(3):508-515
A methodology for retrieving high-resolution ocean surface wind fields from satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is introduced and validated. The algorithms developed are suited for ocean SAR data, which were acquired at the C band of either vertical (VV) or horizontal (HH) polarization in transmission and reception. Wind directions are extracted from wind-induced streaks that are visible in SAR images of the ocean at horizontal scales greater than 200 m. These wind streaks are very well aligned with the mean surface wind direction. To extract the orientation of these streaks, two algorithms are introduced, which are applied either in the spatial or spectral domain. Ocean surface wind speeds are derived from the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) and image geometry of the calibrated SAR images, together with the local SAR-retrieved wind direction. Therefore, several C-band models (CMOD IFR2, CMOD4, and CMODS) are available, which were developed for VV polarization, and have to be extended for HH polarization. To compare the different algorithms and C-band models as well as demonstrate their applicability, SAR-retrieved wind fields are compared to numerical-model results considering advanced SAR (ASAR) data from Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT), a European satellite. 相似文献
13.
在合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)海面风场反演中,基于风条纹影像纹理特征的海面风向反演方法精度高,但是依赖于图像风条纹的存在,而外部风向信息与SAR资料时空分辨率不易匹配、精度较低,从而影响大面积、高分辨率海面风场反演的精度。针对此问题,提出一种将SAR图像风条纹线性纹理特征与外部风向信息相结合的星载SAR海面风向获取方法,在SAR影像线性纹理特征明显的区域采用二维连续小波变换得到高精度的海面风向,其余区域采用与之时空相匹配的数值预报模式风向填充;并利用地球物理模型函数进一步得到海面风速,进而实现高精度、大范围海面风场的反演。为验证本文方法的有效性,利用ENVISAT/ASAR数据进行风场反演试验,并将反演结果与浮标实测数据进行比对。结果表明:在线性纹理特征明显的区域,小波方法的反演精度优于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)法和数值预报模式风向;外部风向精度略低,但与SAR观测资料时空匹配性较好,弥补了风条纹风向的不足。二者的结合为星载SAR海面风场反演的业务化应用提供了支持。 相似文献
14.
ASAR波模式数据反演参数误差与海浪条纹清晰度的相关性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
欧洲环境卫星-高级合成孔径雷达(EnvironmentalSatellite-AdvancedSyntheticAperture Radar,Envisat-ASAR)波模式数据提供了全球风、浪要素信息,在海浪模式预报与同化方面有重要作用。该数据合成孔径雷达(SyntheticApertureRadar,SAR)图像普遍存在海浪条纹清晰度不同的现象,但是否影响数据精度尚无定论。本文通过比较2010年NODC (the National Oceanographic Date Center)浮标观测数据和波模式数据,发现经过官方修正后的海浪参数反而具有更大误差。进而通过对比不同条纹清晰度的SAR图像反演参数误差,揭示了ASAR产品海浪参数与浮标测量值之间的误差与海浪条纹清晰度的关系。结果表明:海浪条纹清晰的SAR图像的主波波长和主波周期的反演误差更小,而条纹不清晰SAR图像的有效波高和风速的反演误差更小。通过分析海浪参数对海浪条纹清晰度的敏感性,证实了有效波高和方位向截断波长对SAR图像条纹清晰度的响应最好,波陡次之,与卫星飞行方位角和入射角无关。因此,在反演和修正SAR波模式数据时,考虑图像的条纹清晰度,将会有效提高反演数据的精度。该研究可为高分三号等卫星的波模式数据波浪要素反演精度的提升提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
15.
Microwave remote sensing is one of the most useful methods for observing the ocean parameters. The Doppler frequency or interferometric phase of the radar echoes can be used for an ocean surface current speed retrieval,which is widely used in spaceborne and airborne radars. While the effect of the ocean currents and waves is interactional. It is impossible to retrieve the ocean surface current speed from Doppler frequency shift directly. In order to study the relationship between the ocean surface current speed and the Doppler frequency shift, a numerical ocean surface Doppler spectrum model is established and validated with a reference. The input parameters of ocean Doppler spectrum include an ocean wave elevation model, a directional distribution function, and wind speed and direction. The suitable ocean wave elevation spectrum and the directional distribution function are selected by comparing the ocean Doppler spectrum in C band with an empirical geophysical model function(CDOP). What is more, the error sensitivities of ocean surface current speed to the wind speed and direction are analyzed. All these simulations are in Ku band. The simulation results show that the ocean surface current speed error is sensitive to the wind speed and direction errors. With VV polarization, the ocean surface current speed error is about 0.15 m/s when the wind speed error is 2 m/s, and the ocean surface current speed error is smaller than 0.3 m/s when the wind direction error is within 20° in the cross wind direction. 相似文献
16.
A European Space Agency＇ s ENVISAT advanced synthetic aperture radar （ASAR） image covering Zhejiang coastal water in the East China Sea （ECS） was acquired on 1 August 2007. This image shows that there are about 20 coherent internal solitary wave （ISW） packets propagating southwestward toward Zhejiang coast. These ISW packets are separated by about 10 kin, suggesting that these ISWs are tide-generated waves. Each ISW packet contains 5-15 wave crests. The wavelengths of the wave crests within the ISW packets are about 300 m. The lengths of the leading wave crests are about 50 km. The ISW amplitude is estimated from solving KdV equation in an ideal two-layer ocean model. It is found that the ISW amplitudes is about 8 m. Further analysis of the ASAR image and ocean stratification profiles show that the observed ISWs are depression waves. Analyzing the tidal current finds that these waves are locally generated. The wavelength and amplitude of the ECS ISW are much smaller than their counter- parts in the South China Sea （SCS）. The propagation speed of the ECS ISW is also an order of magnitude smaller than that of the SCS ISW. The observed ISWs in the ECS happened during a spring tide period. 相似文献
17.
Atmospheric frontal gravity waves observed in satellite SAR images of the Bohai Sea and Huanghai Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LIU Shuming LI Ziwei YANG Xiaofeng Pichel William G YU Yang ZHENG Quanan LI Xiaofeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):35-43
In the satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the Bohai Sea and Huanghai Sea, the authors observe sea surface imprints of wave-like patterns with an average wavelength of 3.8 km. Comparing SAR observations with sea surface wind fields and surface weather maps, the authors find that the occurrence of the wave-like phenomena is associated with the passing of atmospheric front. The authors define the waves as atmospheric frontal gravity waves. The dynamical parameters of the wave packets are derived from statistics of 9 satellite SAR images obtained from 2002 to 2008. A two-dimensional linear physical wave model is used to analyze the generation mechanism of the waves. The atmospheric frontal wave induced wind variation across the frontal wave packet is compared with wind retrievals from the SAR images. The CMOD-5 (C-band scatterometer ocean geophysical model function) is used for SAR wind retrievals VV (transmitted vertical and received vertical) for ENVISAT and HH (transmitted horizontally and received horizontally) for RADARSAT-1. A reasonable agreement between the analytical solution and the SAR observation is reached. This new SAR frontal wave observation adds to the school of SAR observations of sea surface imprints of AGWs including island lee waves, coastal lee waves, and upstream Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGW). 相似文献
18.
In this study, we applied the edge-detection method of oil-spill monitoring to extract oil-spill features observed by the ENVISAT Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) images over the coastal waters of Hong Kong and vicinity in northern South China Sea. Two examples in 2007 and 2008 over the coastal waters of the study area show that oil spills can be successfully detected by ASAR images at wind speeds around 4～ 6 m/s independent of wind direction. The study also shows that it could be helpful for evaluating the potential impacts of oil spills on the coastal environment in Hong Kong and vicinity. 相似文献