共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
为了研究上海国际航运中心洋山深水港区四期工程导流堤工程对周边海域流场的影响,采用MIKE21里面的HD模块构建杭州湾及长江口海域整体潮流数值模型,分别对导流堤建成前后附近海域流场进行数值模拟,分析导流堤建成后工程附近海域流场特征。研究表明:导流堤建成后,四期码头前沿较大范围的回流区和缓流区基本消失,导流堤和四期码头前沿海流流向基本与码头走向保持一致,流速有所增大,导流堤的建设使码头前沿海流得到很好的改善,起到了归顺潮流的作用,有利于码头前沿水深的维持及船舶靠离港的安全。 相似文献
2.
斜搜式防波堤港内一侧为直立式码头的结构型式在我国已多见使用。为了减小波浪穿过堤面和堤心后对直立式码头产生的波压力,从而减小防波堤和码头结构的断面,本文试验研究了几种■荷措施。试验结果表明,设置透空导流排水孔的直墙上的波压力显著地减小。 相似文献
3.
4.
港珠澳大桥东人工岛所在海域受水下地形和近岸边界影响呈"涨潮NE向、落潮SW向"的往复流特点,东人工岛岛隧结合部沉管基槽水域在岛头挑流作用下涨潮流呈N向流动。根据岛隧结合部区域的水流运动特征,制订了基槽掩护区南北两侧"非对称"型的双导流堤掩护措施。建立基槽局部水域的三维水流数学模型,模拟岛隧结合部水流运动的三维特征,对导流堤实施后的掩护效果进行水动力仿真模拟。研究结果表明:基槽掩护区内流速大幅减弱,E33管节基槽的人工整平段最大流速在0.5 m/s以内,整平船施工段最大流速不超过0.8 m/s,E33管节各区流速均能满足沉管安装的水流条件。为安全起见,E33管节沉放安装时机适合选在潮流动力较弱的小潮期。 相似文献
5.
6.
厦门及临近地区桩式码头工程的若干地质问题 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于复杂的区域地质背景,使得本区存在着一些不利于桩式码头设计和施工的地质因素,如基岩民裂、工区内不同岩性相互交错、孤石和滚石等。本文总结了本区桩式码头工程地质勘察经验,对其存在的一些问题进行探讨,并对提高区域地质复杂地区桩式码头地质勘察的准确性提出一些看法。 相似文献
7.
通过整平船在长江口南导堤 Se段工程对流场影响的模型试验 ,得出各断面在不同潮位、流速、流向情况下 ,只有导堤和有整平船作业时会对周围流场有影响 ,为施工方案的比选以及施工中应采取的措施提供了可靠的依据。 相似文献
8.
本文将海洋长波运动中的流速水平分量,表示为垂直平均流速与“偏差流速”之和,导出平均流速、水位、偏差流速和界面应力的联合方程组,用以研究长波运动的水位和三维流场,并用此法求解了气压潮的非线性解析解,对非线性效应和共振现象作了讨论。 相似文献
9.
本文介绍一个建在淤泥质软基上的重力式方块码头的成功实例.着重从施工角度叙述在淤泥质软基上建重力式码头在设计合理的情况下,施工过程中的施工措施使设计达到实现的重要性。从理论角度分析了软弱地基上建重力式码头的可能性,且从本工程的成功得到了证实。但要强调的是其适用范围应限于有限深度的淤泥质软基和中小型码头。 相似文献
10.
根据日照港30万吨级原油码头工程的设计要求,在拟建工程海域实测了2个站的大、中、小潮潮位和9条测线的流速、流向及含沙量。利用二维潮汐水流数学模型进行了潮位、流速和流向验证计算,综合研究了调查海区的泥沙运动和海底冲淤演变规律,并预测了冲淤趋势。在此基础上,重点对30万吨原油码头泊位、港池与航道的淤积进行了预测分析。分析结果表明,在正常水动力条件下,该港区内的平均年回淤速率不大,此港区适合建码头。 相似文献
11.
为考虑桩土相互作用的高桩码头体系等效阻尼比,将地震作用下高桩码头的滞回耗能定义为各桩塑性铰耗能和桩-土相互作用耗能之和,桩-土相互作用耗能根据p-y曲线和Masing准则定义的滞回环确定,码头结构的塑性铰总耗能为各桩塑性铰耗能的总和,按照正弦激励下一个振动循环内高桩码头体系与相应单自由度体系粘滞耗能相等的原则,推导得到了高桩码头体系等效阻尼比计算公式,并对两个高桩码头进行了Pushover分析。分析表明,土体耗能对高桩码头体系阻尼贡献较大,根据码头各桩塑性铰出现顺序和转动情况计算码头的等效阻尼比更符合实际情况。 相似文献
12.
AbstractFollowing the Great East Japan Earthquake, a massive tsunami caused serious damage to coastal dikes. Local scour at the ground behind these dikes reportedly causes dike failures. It is important to reveal the scour process to establish methods for effective scour countermeasures. Herein, we focus on geogrids. To verify this proposal and examine its design, flume-model experiments were performed for non-liquefied and liquefied grounds behind coastal dikes. The results showed that the scour amount and area were reduced drastically when geogrids were present. Geogrids on the sand-bed surface changed the direction of overflow water. Thus, a scour hole developed away from a coastal dike model. Furthermore, geogrids exerted a scour-reduction effect even during liquefaction. 相似文献
13.
生态空心块体是一种兼有调控水流与生态修复功能的工程结构物,在海堤、丁坝等近海工程中被广泛应用。通过室内水槽试验,设计多种来水来沙工况,研究生态空心块体与柔性植被共同影响下的水沙动力特性,重点探究生态空心块体内的水沙动力效应。结果表明:生态空心块体组成的坝体结构缓流效果显著,坝体内外侧水流流速分布差异明显,坝体内部的水流流速远小于外侧水流流速;生态空心块体内紊动强度、雷诺应力在空心块体上方出现拐点,空心块体内紊动强度、雷诺应力均小于外侧;近底层水流在受壁面阻水作用下产生回流,易出现小范围旋涡;由于生态空心块体内水流流速、紊动强度的减小,内部悬沙浓度由表至底逐渐增大;柔性植被的冠层部分对水流减速、促淤效果最为明显,柔性植被会减缓前后相邻侧空心块体的水流流速,增大悬沙浓度。 相似文献
14.
CHEN Yongping 《中国海洋工程》2001,(2):241-252
Based on the fluid motion equations, the physical meaning of eddy viscosity coefficient and the rationality of the Boussinesq hypothesis are discussed in this paper. The effect of the coefficient on numerical stability is analyzed briefly. A semi-enclosed rectangular sea area, with an orthogonal spur dike, is applied in a 2-D numerical model to study the effect of horizontal eddy viscosity coefficient (AH). The computed result shows that AH has little influence on the tidal level and averaged flow velocity, but has obvious influence on the intensity and the range of return flow around near the spur dike. Correspondingly, a wind-driven current pool and an annular current are applied in a 3-D numerical model respectively to study the effect of vertical eddy viscosity coefficient (Av). The computed result shows that the absolute value of Av is inversely proportional to that of horizontal velocity, and the vertical gradient value of Av determines the vertical distribution of horizontal velocity. The distrib 相似文献
15.
Dike resilience against wave overtopping has gained more and more attention in recent years due to the effect of expected future climate changes. The overtopping flow velocities and flow depths on dikes have recently been studied in 2D small-scale experiments. This has led to semi-empirical formulae for the estimation of flow depths and flow velocities across a dike. The results have been coupled to the actual erosion of the landward dike slope determined by full-scale 2D tests using the so-called “Overtopping Simulator”. This paper describes the results from 96 small-scale tests carried out in a shallow water basin at Aalborg University to cover the so far unknown 3D effects from oblique long-crested and short-crested waves. Based on results from the laboratory tests, expansions are proposed to the existing 2D formulae so as to cover oblique and short-crested waves. The wave obliquity is seen to significantly reduce the overtopping flow velocities and flow depths on especially the landward slope of a sea dike. Moreover, the tests showed that the average flow directions on the dike crest from oblique long-crested and short-crested waves correspond approximately to the incident wave direction. Flow depths and the squared flow velocities on the dike are concluded to be Rayleigh-distributed in case of both long-crested and short-crested waves for all considered incident wave obliquities. Findings in the present paper are needed to obtain more realistic estimates of dike erosion caused by wave overtopping. 相似文献
16.
整治工程影响下分汊河口水动力变化研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文针对分汊河口一侧河道整治工程对工程汊及非工程汊水动力的影响问题,采用数学模型试验方法,建立了潮汐分汊河口概化数学模型,计算了整治工程(双导堤与丁坝)前后水动力变化,分析了主要分潮M2、M4的潮位、流速沿程变化规律以及工程后丁坝局部流速流向特征,讨论了潮波的变形及不对称性。结果显示,整治工程导致工程汊分流比减小,工程区域内流速增加,工程区外流速减小,非工程汊整体流速增加。工程汊的潮流变形及不对称性均较工程前有所增强,导致外海泥沙盐水通过航槽向上游上溯的距离更长,坝田区内流速明显小于航槽流速,并呈明显的旋转流态势,导致坝田淤积。 相似文献
17.
随着治江与海堤建设历史的发展,钱塘江两岸形成许多二线海堤,研究二线堤在临江海堤失效后的作用及其是否保留的必要性对于沿江地区的开发建设是很有意义的。以钱塘江下沙三号大堤为实例,通过比较选择合理的水力计算方法,分析讨论在二线海堤存在与否的不同条件下保护区的受灾水情及二线堤的失效概率等问题。 相似文献
18.
19.
长江口南北港分汊口河段新浏河沙护滩潜堤及南沙头通道潜堤工程是典型的航道整治工程,经调查发现限流潜堤冲刷坑在两侧余排外对称分布,12 m以深等深线呈不连续坑状,南侧个别区段冲刷坑已侵入排内。基于工程地形监测和地质资料分析,通过现场水深测量、旁扫声纳扫测、潜水探摸、水文观测和三维潮流数学模型计算等手段,对限流潜堤排外局部冲刷情况和发生原因进行研究。研究结果表明潜堤排外冲刷是越顶水流长期作用所致,冲刷发展变化具有代表性,冲刷最大深度与地质条件有一定相关性。潜堤南侧护底余排边缘局部余排受外力损毁,引起排内冲刷,如进一步发展会影响堤身及结构安全,需对护底损坏部位进行修复以保证整治建筑物护底功能正常发挥。 相似文献
20.
This work, which was largely a fruit of China's national marine hazard mitigation service, explicitly reveals the major mechanism of sea-dike failure during wave overtopping. A large group of wave-flume experiments were conducted for sea dikes with varying geometric characteristics and pavement types. The erosion and slide of the landward slope due to the combined effect of normal hit and great shear from overtopping flows was identified the major trigger of the destabilization of sea dikes. Once the intermittent hydrodynamic load and swash caused any deformation (bump or dent) of the pavement layer, pavement fractions (slabs or rubble) on the slope started to be initiated and removed by the water. The erosion of the landward slope was then gradually aggravated followed by entire failure within a couple of minutes. Hence, the competent velocity would be helpful evaluate the failure risk if as well accounted in standards or criteria. However, the dike top was measured experiencing the largest hydrodynamic pressure with a certain cap while the force on the wall increased rapidly as the overtopping intensity approached the dike-failure threshold. The faster increase of the force on the wall than on the landward slope yielded the sequencing of loads reaching hypothetic limits before failure as: dike top – top-mounted wall – landward slope. Therefore, beside the slide failure, the fatigue damage due to the instantaneous hydrodynamic impact might be another mechanism of the dike failure, which did not appear in the experiment but should be kept in mind. Instead of the widely adopted tolerable overtopping rate, a 0.117–0.424 m3/(m s) range of overtopping discharge and a 10 m/s overtopping velocity for the failure risk of typical sea dikes along China's coastlines were suggested, which enables the possible failure risk prediction through empirical calculations. The failure overtopping rate was identified strongly dependent on the pavement material, the landward slope and the dike-mounted wall but showed little variation with the width of the dike top. The flat concrete pavement and gentle landward slopes are suggested for the dike design and construction. For given configurations and hydrodynamic conditions in the experiment, the dike without the wall experienced less overtopping volume than those with the 1-m top-mounted wall. Meanwhile, the remove of the wall increased the failure overtopping rate, which means a certain increase of the failure criterion. Thus, care must be taken to conclude that the dike-mounted wall seems not an entirely appropriate reinforcement for the stability and safety of coastal protections. This should be further checked and discussed by researchers and engineers in the future. 相似文献