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对海水钝顶螺旋藻Spirulina platensis Geitler藻胆蛋白进行分离、纯化及光谱测定,其种类和吸收光谱与淡水钝顶螺旋藻相似。光强和氮源是影响藻胆蛋白的重要因子,低光强可诱导海水钝顶螺旋藻藻胆蛋白含量大幅度(19.7％)增加;氮源不足或缺乏可导致藻胆蛋白大量降解,随后补充氮源则可使藻胆蛋白含量得到恢复,因而证明藻胆蛋白在海水钝顶螺旋藻中亦可起“氮库(nitrogen pool)”的作用。海南三亚室外生产的海水钝顶螺旋藻干品的藻胆蛋白含量随季节呈现周期性变化,光强可能是主要的影响因子。 相似文献
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用单因素分析法研究6一苄基氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)和赤霉素(GA)3种植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物含量的影响.结果显示,添加NAA(0.4 mg/L)和GA(1.0 mg/L)分别使钝顶螺旋藻(Speruli-na pzatensis)和极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maximum)生物量达到最大值,与对照相比提高了49.1%和65.2%,比生长速率增加了66.7%和28.6%.同样,激素可以显著地影响螺旋藻的代谢产物含量.对于钝顶螺旋藻,GA(0.1 mg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加5倍;GA(0.3 mg/L)使胞内总糖含量提高5倍;6-BA(0.2 mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高27.8%;NAA(0.2 111g/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.对于极大螺旋藻,GA(0.3 nlg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加1.32倍,使胞内总糖含量提高2倍;NAA(1.6mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高66.7%,6-BA(1.6 mg/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.因此植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物合成有明显的促进作用,该结果为高密度规模化生产奠定基础. 相似文献
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本文运用亚硝基胍(Nitrosoguanidine,NTG)诱变,并结合乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂喹禾灵筛选,获得了2株能够稳定遗传的高产钝顶节旋藻突变株623-8和623-16。与钝顶节旋藻出发株623相比,突变株的藻丝更长,更易聚集成团。在pH=8.5、光照强度45μmol·m-2·s-1和培养温度28℃的条件下,突变株623-8和623-16的生物量分别比出发株提高67.86%和46.43%。蛋白含量分别比出发株623提高1.98%和0.84%;脂类含量提高8.54%和4.88%;乙酰辅酶A羧化酶活性提高31.82%和11.36%。研究结果表明,以亚硝基胍诱变结合喹禾灵筛选,可筛选出生长速度快、蛋白含量高等性状优良的钝顶节旋藻藻株,在工业生产中有实用意义。 相似文献
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海藻多糖生物活性研究新进展 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
多糖是所有生命有机体的重要组分 ,并在控制细胞分裂和分化、调节细胞生长和衰老以及维持生命有机体的正常代谢等方面有重要作用。因此 ,关于多糖的研究越来越受到研究人员的关注。研究表明 ,海藻中含有丰富的多糖。例如，庞启深等１９８９年报道 ,从螺旋藻中分离纯化的螺旋藻多糖 (ｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅｏｆＳｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａ ,ＰＳ)其分子量为１２５９０ ,是由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖及葡萄糖醛酸等４种不同单糖构成的多糖 ,相对含量分别为３１．２ % ,２９．７ % ,２２．６ %和１６．５ %。从钝顶螺旋藻的热水分馏物中提取的一… 相似文献
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60Co-γ诱变坛紫菜的海区栽培选育及品质性状初步分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
采用不同剂量的60Co-γ辐射诱变野生坛紫菜原生质体,对获得的诱变株进行实验室品质性状初步筛选后,挑选其中的6个样品进行丝状体室内采苗、海区栽培试验、主要品质性状测定及活体吸收光谱检测.结果显示:总蛋白、藻胆蛋白、叶绿素和活体吸收光谱等在不同紫菜样品间存在显著差异.人工诱变的坛紫菜No.5蛋白质含量为(32.89±1.37)×10-2(m/m,干重),优良栽培品种GL1的蛋白质含量为(31.42±0.94)×10-2(m/m,干重);叶绿素含量最高的为No.9[(0.636±0.017)×10-2(m/m,干重)],最低的为No.2[(0.411±0.022)×10-2(m/m,干重)].藻胆蛋白含量与总蛋白含量呈正相关. 相似文献
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在钝顶螺旋藻 ( S. platensis ) 生长期内 ( 1 ～ 11 d ) 添加无机碲 ( Na2TeO3 ),每天的碲剂量水平χTe 分别为 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,观察 S. platensis 对不同剂量水平无机碲的吸收转化作用,同时考察χTe 为 0.4 的实验组螺旋藻中碲与生物大分子 ( 蛋白质、多糖、核酸和脂类 ) 的结合情况.结果表明,当χTe < 0.3 时,碲对 S. platensis 的生长有促进作用;当χTe > 0.3 时,S. platensis 的生长受到明显的抑制.无机碲进入藻体后一部分被转化成有机碲并进入生物分子中,而绝大部分却以气态碲 ( 甲基化碲 ) 的形式排出,且占添加碲的 86.7 % ～ 91.6 %,气态碲的产生可能是螺旋藻对碲的主要解毒方式.气态碲的含量随着碲剂量的增加而增加,而有机碲的含量随着碲剂量的增加而减少.碲与 S. platensis 中的 3 种组分 ( 组分 1:固体残余物,组分 2:水溶性蛋白,组分 3:非蛋白质水溶性物质 ) 有不同程度的结合,不同组分中的碲相对含量随着碲剂量的变化有明显的变化:当χTe ≤ 0.1 时,组分 2和组分 3 的碲含量较大;当χTe ≥ 0.2 时,组分 1 和组分 2 中的碲含量较大.进入生物大分子的碲主要与蛋白质相结合. 相似文献
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对野生和人工养殖刺参的肠壁及内容物中的菌群数量、种类组成进行了研究;并结合产酶试验和溶血性试验,对刺参肠道益生菌做了初步的体外筛选。结果表明,野生刺参肠壁及内容物中的细菌数量分别为(3.30±0.41)×107 cfu/g、(6.39±0.32)×107 cfu/g,养殖刺参肠壁及内容物中的细菌数量分别为(2.83±0.31)×107 cfu/g、(5.67±0.53)×107 cfu/g。野生刺参肠道优势菌为弧菌属(Vibrio),次优势菌为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella);养殖刺参肠道优势菌为弧菌属(Vibrio),次优势菌为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)。在224株细菌中,共有160株细菌具有产酶能力,所占比例为71.43%,其中具产蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶能力菌株分别为114株、114株、108株,所占比例分别为50.89%、50.89%、48.21%。99株细菌中有23株具有溶血性,所占比例为23.23%。综合分析实验数据,确定6株细菌作为刺参肠道潜在益生菌,菌株代号分别为HS1(Pseudomonas)、HS5(Bacillus)、HS7(Shewanella)、HS8(Vibrio)、HS10(Vibrio)、HS11(Vibrio)。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(7)
用50L密闭式吊袋光生物反应器,采用连续培养模式,对6株微拟球藻(Nannochloropsis oceanica)进行产油性能的中试筛选。从藻种的比生长速率、总脂含量、油脂产率,甘油三酯(TAG)含量和脂肪酸组成等方面评价藻种的产油性能。经过10d的连续培养,筛选到2株生长速率快、油脂产率高的优良能源微藻藻株:3-25和75B1,它们的总脂含量分别达到细胞干重的33.49%和29.36%;油脂产率分别为10.04和8.07mg·(L·d)~(-1);它们的C16与C18之和分别占到了总脂肪酸含量的72.71%和68.05%,且以饱和脂肪酸C16∶0及单不饱和脂肪酸C16∶1为主,适合生物柴油的生产。尽管藻株4-38的油脂产率较低,但其甘油三酯含量较高,C16和C18之和高达76.32%,其脂肪酸组成也非常适合生物柴油的生产。研究结果表明,3-25、75B1和4-38这3株微拟球藻有望作为生产生物柴油的候选藻株。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
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The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献