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海州湾近岸张网渔获物种类组成和资源利用现状分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据2011年3月~2012年12月海州湾沿岸定置张网调查资料,对海州湾张网渔获物组成进行比较分析。结果表明,张网渔获物组成具有明显的季节变化特征,春季以尖海龙(Syngnathus acus)、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)、双斑蟳(Charybdis bimaculata)、长蛸(Octopus variabilis)、方氏云鳚(Enedrias fangi)和口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)为主,秋季主要为小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)、日本枪乌贼(Loligo japonica)、鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris),冬季主要为六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、口虾蛄、鲜明鼓虾(Alpheus heterocarpus)、细鳌虾(Leptochela gracilis)和日本鼓虾(Alpheus Japonicus)。主要经济鱼类小黄鱼在9、10月产量最高,但达到可捕体长的小黄鱼不足1%,主要经济虾类鹰爪虾在9、10月产量最高,取样中69.46%的鹰爪虾达到可捕体长。渔捞日志记录表明,9月份单船平均网产达到最大值(17.01kg/net),12月份单船平均网产最低(2.87kg/net)。建议对张网渔业加强管理,开展生态型渔具渔法的研究,放大网目尺寸,加强对近海资源的养护。 相似文献
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2000年秋冬汛期间,温州市沿海区浙南渔场的航次产量比往年明显增多。但当广大渔民拉上沉甸甸银网时,只见网中的带鱼象裤带,鲳鱼似匙子(条重仅50～100克),尽是未长成的幼鱼,人们心里头说不出的苦涩和无奈。 相似文献
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本文选取2003?2014年黄海南部帆式张网小黄鱼渔获量的监测数据，运用时间序列分析模型ARIMA (1，2，0)进行拟合及预测，并用2015?2016年小黄鱼年单位捕捞努力量渔获量值进行验证。结果显示，2003?2014年的小黄鱼年单位捕捞努力量渔获量模拟值与真实值接近，相关系数为0.881 (p<0.05)，相关性显著；2015年和2016年预测值分别为47.66 kg/网和49.16 kg/网，与实际值(51.10 kg/网和40.05 kg/网)相对误差分别为6.73%和22.75%，总体相对误差为14.74%。表明ARIMA (1，2，0)模型对黄海南部小黄鱼渔获量时间序列的变化趋势进行拟合和预测是可行的，在短期预测方面更具优势。不同时间序列数据ARIMA模型的p、d、q值不尽一致，在数据分析时不能简单地套用固定模型，应根据相关理论指导和分析，确定适宜的p、d、q值。 相似文献
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渤海是我国的内海,总面积约7.7平方公里,平均水深18米,沿岸滩涂900多万亩,大小入海河流50余条。渤海水质肥沃,初级生产力高,基础饵料丰富,是多种经济鱼、虾、贝类的重要产卵区和幼、稚鱼虾的索饵、发育生长场所。历史上渤海盛产小黄鱼、鲳鱼、鳓鱼、鲅鱼、真鲷、带鱼、对虾、毛虾、海蜇、毛蚶等几十种水产品。自60年代以来,由于过度捕 相似文献
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1 山东省海洋空间资源概况1 .1 渔场数量、面积及主要鱼类主要渔场有莱州湾、烟威、石岛、青海、海州湾、连青石等 ,总面积 5 0 0 0 0 n mile2。渔区分两个 :一个是渤海湾渔业区域 ,面积约 2 70 0 0 km2 ,各种鱼类约 10 0种 ,主要经济种类有小黄鱼、黄姑、鲅鱼、鲐鱼、带鱼、鲆鲽鱼、鱼是鱼等。另一个是黄海渔业区域 ,10～ 14m以内等深线海域面积 1400 0 0 km2 ,鱼类 2 0 0余种 ,主要经济种类有小黄鱼、大黄鱼、带鱼、叫姑、真鲷、鳗鱼、青鱼等。近岸渔场是山东省渔业生产的主要作业区。包括 :( 1)黄河口附近渔场 ,主捕小黄鱼、鳓鱼等 ;( … 相似文献
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浙江沿海张网作业区幼带鱼分布、损害及休渔效果的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文运用1981—1983年浙江沿海18个定置张网点周年渔获物调查资料,对浙江沿海张网区的幼带鱼分布、损害及休渔效果作了分析,取得如下结果:1.浙江沿海张网作业区的外侧海区,是幼带鱼重点分布区;5—8月是幼带鱼损害最严重的时段,这4个月平均损害92.5亿尾,占全年平均损害尾数(117.3亿尾)的79.9%。2.目前实施两个半月的张网休渔后,理论上带鱼将会增加136000t冬汛产量,可纯增收1.6亿元,且翌年能增加7.0亿尾的产卵带鱼。3.浙江南、中、北部沿海5—8月依次实行张网休渔是恢复带鱼资源的重要途径。 相似文献
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东南太平洋秘鲁鳀资源量预报模型的构建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
秘鲁鳀（Engraulis ringens）是栖息于东南太平洋沿岸的一种小型中上层鱼类。有效地对秘鲁鳀资源量进行预报将有助于为我国鱼粉进口企业提供决策支撑。为此，本研究结合秘鲁鳀生物（上一个渔汛季度的资源量、渔获物中的幼鱼比例）和环境（渔场水温和nino1+2区的温度距平）因素及捕捞量为预报因子，利用主成分分析和多元线性回归的方法对17个渔汛季度（2006年至2014年第一渔汛季度）秘鲁鳀的资源量建立预报模型并利用主成分分析的结果对影响秘鲁鳀资源变动的因子进行初步评价。研究表明，随着时间的推移样本量的增加，模型拟合资源量与真实资源量的平均相对误差逐渐下降，拟合资源量序列与真实资源量序列的相关系数逐渐增加。最终模型5（建模数据为2006-2013年第二渔汛季度的数据，验证数据为2014年第一渔汛季度的数据）能够很好地拟合出秘鲁鳀资源量的大小及变动趋势拟合资源量序列与真实资源量序列的相关系数为0.861；拟合资源量序列与真实资源量序列的平均相对误差为12%；预报得到的2014年第一渔汛季度的数据与真实值相比，相对误差为1%。结合主成分分析的结果对影响秘鲁鳀资源变动的因素进行评价结果表明，第一主成分的方差贡献率为46%，其中环境因素占据了最大的载荷；第二主成分的方差贡献率为23%，同样环境因素占据了最大载荷，但是，排名第二和第三的因素分别是上一个渔汛季度的资源量和捕捞量，其载荷相当；第三和第四主成分的方差贡献率分别为9%和7%，其中幼鱼比例占的载荷最大。根据各主成分得分序列与资源量序列的相关系数结果，环境因子对秘鲁鳀资源变动有重要影响。 相似文献
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基于2006～2007年福建沿岸海域4个航次的底拖网调查,分析了福建沿岸海域石首鱼科鱼类的资源现状.结果表明:4个航次共捕获石首鱼类16种,其中春季捕获石首鱼类10种,夏季和冬季均捕获14种,秋季捕获12种.不同航次捕获的石首鱼类占所有鱼类总渔获量的比例为10.43%～23.23%,平均15.71%.平均资源密度和平均个体密度分别为81.49 kg/km2和3 663.06 ind./km2.平均资源密度和平均个体密度均以秋季最高,分别为130.02 kg/km2和5 702.64 ind./km2.闽东沿岸海域、闽江口及其附近海域、闽中沿岸海域和厦门沿岸海域石首鱼类的全年平均资源密度分别为70.75、96.23、22.54和84.57 kg/km2.在各种石首鱼类中,叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)的资源密度和个体密度最大,其次是丁氏(Wak tingi).叫姑鱼的相对重要性指数最高,为871.01,仅叫姑鱼为优势种.与近20 a前的调查资料相比较,石首鱼类的渔获量占鱼类总渔获量的比例升高,但资源密度显著下降,必须采取措施,避免开发强度的继续增加,以利于其资源的可持续利用. 相似文献
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限额捕捞试点工作逐步展开,预示着我国海洋渔业管理进入全面有序的管理时代。文章根据2008—2017年南海北部渔港渔业生产抽样调查数据,统计出南海北部金线鱼的产量主要来自刺网,占累计总产量的72.90%。剩余产量模型分析认为南海北部金线鱼的最大可持续产量在168 632.99~31 0518.85 t,平均为251 765.59 t。2017年实施最严格的休渔制度后,当年的捕捞努力量投入和渔业产量均未超过最适值,当前总可捕量可设为158 515 t。文章研究结果可为该鱼种限额捕捞政策实施提供参考。 相似文献
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L. J. Paul 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):569-587
The commercial fishery for snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Bloch and Schneider) in the Hauraki Gulf is one of New Zealand's principal marine fisheries. The snapper catch from this area declined by 22% in 1972, and by a further 4% in 1973, following 4 y of high catches by Danish seiners.Some of the decline can be attributed to economic factors within the industry, and adverse winter weather. However, the 1972 decline in Danish seine catches is an acceleration of an existing trend. It probably results from heavy exploitation of an accumulated stock, and from movement of a few strong year classes past the age at which they have contributed most to the catch. The slight recovery in the 1973 Danish seine catch resulted only from increased effort; catch per day at sea continued to fall. An improvement in catch and catch per day is unlikely for some years at least.Snapper catches by other methods (trawl, long line, and set net) also declined during 1972, but the available data on fishing effort do not allow a detailed analysis. The trawl catch in the gulf fell further in 1973 as fishing effort was diverted to other grounds, but the catch by lines and nets improved slightly. 相似文献
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Heng Zhang Wenshan He Chunfu Tong Jianjian Lu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,76(4):902-908
Based on the fishing net surveying data about anguillid elver of the Yangtze estuary collected in 2006 and historical data from previous research of the region, this study was focused on analyzing the fishing effort and catch variations of the elver, revealing the effects on fishery resources caused by elver fishing activities. It was found that the elver fishing activities took place in the tidal area of the Yangtze estuary from January to April. The yearly elver catch in 2000–2006 was 3 times greater than that in the 1970s–1980s. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) (ind./net/day) of the elver had some characteristics of temporal variation. It was higher in spring tide periods than that in neap tide periods, and the CPUE in February and March was 3–4 times greater than that in January. Twenty-eight fish species, 6 shrimp species, 2 crab species and 8 other invertebrates were found in the by-catch of the eel nets. Among the fishes, shrimps and crabs, the individual proportion of fishes is the highest, and they are mostly juveniles or small-size fishes, while the shrimps and crabs also make up a certain proportion. Most of the individuals in the by-catch were juveniles and were dead when they were harvested. It was proven that the activity of elver fishing has a great negative effect on regional fishery resources, though it has brought great commercial benefit. Relevant management and conversation should be reinforced. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
Understanding the economic value of ocean space is critical for implementing marine spatial planning (MSP). Empirical data from 1999 to 2008 are compiled on the economic values arising from commercial fishing in the Gulf of Maine and adjacent areas. The data are analyzed to characterize factors affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of measures of economic productivity and fishing effort. The analysis consisted of four components: (1) estimation of net revenue at the 10-min square level by season and gear; (2) assessment of variability for catch revenue and catch per unit effort; (3) mapping net revenue and variability in the study area; and (4) estimation of interactions among catch, effort, season, and gear type. The results indicated that, at each location, average fishing efforts exhibited a positive response to increases in expected revenues and a negative response to variability in revenues. Most of the variability in catch revenue can be explained by changes in fishing effort, implying that the spatial patterns of fishery resources are relatively stable at the 10-min square level. An important conclusion is that a spatial scale of at least the 10-min square is appropriate for undertaking MSP involving allocations of commercial fisheries. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
Marine reserves and gear restrictions are common forms of marine resource management; they impact on fishers both directly and indirectly. In 2003 New Zealand set net fishers were required to abandon set netting along a substantial section of the North Island′s West Coast in order to eliminate the chance of entangling the critically endangered Maui′s dolphin. A study of some 100 set net fishers, found that the immediate, and short term effects of the 2003 set netting area closures had little impact on the catch and effort levels of fishers. Participation in the fishery increased immediately prior to the restrictions and remained at a similar level for the following four years. Incumbent fishers performed better than new entrants and exiters. Trends in Annual Catch Entitlement (ACE) prices appear not to have been affected by the set net restrictions. 相似文献
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David Whitmarsh Carlo Pipitone Fabio Badalamenti Giovanni D&#x;Anna 《Marine Policy》2003,27(6):489-497
Small-scale fisheries and the communities they support are often given the protection of designated fishing zones from which non-artisanal vessels are excluded. This paper looks at one example of this approach, the trawl ban introduced in the Gulf of Castellammare (NW Sicily), focussing on the economic sustainability of the artisanal fishery currently operating within the protected area. The consequences of lifting the trawl ban and how far this would jeopardise the sustainability of the artisanal fishery are explored via an analysis of the financial viability of trammel net vessels under alternative assumptions concerning catch rates. The paper also investigates fishermen's attitudes towards the trawl ban and their predisposition either to remain in the fishery or to quit in the event of the ban being removed. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2015
A growing number of US fisheries are managed with catch share programs, which allocate exclusive shares of the total allowable catch from a fish stock to individuals, cooperatives, communities, or other entities. All of these catch share programs allow transferability of catch privileges in some form. Information on these transfers, particularly prices, could be valuable to fishery managers and to fishery participants to support management and business decisions and to increase efficiency of the catch share market itself. This article documents the availability and quality of data on transfers of catch privileges in fourteen US catch share programs. These catch share programs include several individual fishing quota (IFQ) programs and a number of programs that allocate catch privileges to self-organized cooperatives. Price information on catch share transfers is found to be limited or unavailable in most US catch share programs. Recommendations are made on how to improve the design of catch share programs and associated data collection systems to facilitate effective catch share markets, collection of catch share market data, and better use of information from catch share markets. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
To address overfishing concerns, a total allowable catch (TAC) management program was instituted in the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) bottomfish fishery during 2007. Using results from a recent survey of bottomfish fishermen, this paper details behavioral and social aspects of bottomfish fishing in Hawaii and explores fisher perceptions towards current fishery conditions and future management alternatives. The paper further discusses the applicability of potential catch share management for this fishery. Bottomfish fishermen expressed uncertainty towards catch share programs and appear to be reluctant about any movement towards catch share management. This paper describes many preexisting conditions in the fishery that suggest a catch share program may not be practical at this time. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
This paper investigates the effects of fuel subsidies and value added tax refunds on the operation of two types of firms associated with the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) fishery in Mexico: (a) firms with ships that catch shrimp and squid in different periods of the year and (b) firms that deploy outboard-motor boats to catch squid year-round. The cost-benefit ratios of the policies are analyzed for 2008–2015, both with and without subsidy-related income. Additionally, the net cash surplus is calculated. The elimination of subsidies may affect jobs related to vessel operations in the squid fishery and may also encourage the voluntary retirement of shrimp ships. This effect is less evident in the case of the smaller boats. Strategies aimed at improving the landed squid prices are nonetheless suggested. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):341-354
An assessment of catch and effort in the Eastern Cape shore and skiboat linefisheries was undertaken between 1994 and 1996 by means of roving creel and access point surveys. Catch-and-effort data were obtained from direct observation of 3 273 shore-fishers, 172 recreational and 223 commercial skiboat outings. Total effort in the region was high at 903 186 fisher-days year?1 in the shore fishery and 64 266 and 24 357 fisher-days year?1 in the commercial and recreational skiboat sectors respectively. The fisheries are multispecies in nature. The shore fishery consisted of 66 species, the recreational skiboat fishery 44 species and the commercial skiboat fishery 48 species. Just 10 species accounted for 75, 83 and 90% of the catch of the shore, recreational and commercial skiboat fishery respectively. The average catch per unit effort (cpue) was low in all sectors, 1.15 kg fisher?1 day?1 in the shorefishery, 9.4 kg fisher?1 day?1 in the recreational skiboat fishery and 21.5 kg fisher?1 day?1 in the commercial skiboat fishery. Catch data showed that professional and club anglers are more successful fishers. Comparisons with historic records for Port Elizabeth revealed that the cpue in the shore fishery had declined markedly, whereas the total effort increase was negligible (0.1%). In addition, the species composition of the fishery has changed. 相似文献