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为了利用南极微生物资源、探索南极罗斯海区域可培养微生物多样性,利用传统平板培养法对中国第33次南极科学考察采自南极罗斯海6个站位的海洋沉积物样品进行了细菌、真菌的分离培养。经细菌16S rRNA、真菌ITS基因序列检测及系统发育分析,共获得5个属的36株细菌和6个属的29株真菌。其中嗜冷杆菌属为优势细菌类群,枝孢属为优势真菌类群。该结果表明南极罗斯海区域具有丰富的微生物多样性。细菌API 20 NE生理生化及真菌产胞外酶活性实验显示,分离得到的细菌和真菌绝大多数都有低温酶活性。研究结果为南极罗斯海区域可培养微生物的多样性认识和低温酶产生菌资源获取与开发利用提供了支撑。 相似文献
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南海珠江口盆地潜伏着多种地质灾害因素,对海洋开发、油气资源勘探、海底管线铺设等构成直接危害或潜在的威胁。根据联合国开发计划署(UNDP)援华项目(CPR/85/044)实际调查资料,对区内地震、活动断裂、海底滑坡、浅层气、活动沙波.埋藏古河道等潜在灾害因素作了分析,讨论了它们的成因机制与分布规律,提出防避灾害事件发生的具体措施。 相似文献
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采用DGGE技术对北黄海和青岛近海藻类DNA病毒群落多样性进行调查。结果表明,在北黄海A604站、B107站和C803站分别得到10个、8个、8个OTUs,在青岛近海ZQ站得到6个OTUs,说明不同海域藻类DNA病毒多样性不同,在北黄海较丰富,青岛近海较低。北黄海3个站间相比,OTUs数量和位置均存在差异,表明同一海域不同站位藻类DNA病毒多样性也存在差异。在所得OTUs中,有2个OTUs在4个站中均存在,说明在北黄海和青岛近海存在着一些共同的藻类DNA病毒。4个站点藻类DNA病毒优势种均不相同,在A604站和ZQ仅有一个优势种,而在B107和C803各有两个优势种。 相似文献
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季风驱动下的南海海洋动力过程有着季节性的多尺度变化特征, 显著影响南海海洋生态系统的演化进程。海洋细菌作为海洋生态系统中物质循环和能量流动的重要组成部分, 对环境变化和海洋多尺度动力过程有着积极的响应。将微生物生态过程与海洋动力过程相结合, 研究微生物的群落结构、动态变化及其与海洋环境过程的耦合, 是目前国际海洋科学多学科交叉研究的热点之一。文章以国家自然科学基金重点项目“季风环流影响下的南海海洋细菌多样性特征及其生物海洋学意义”的主要研究成果为基础, 从南海北部上升流、海洋锋面、中尺度涡旋、次中尺度过程及其对海洋细菌多样性和生态系统可能的影响等几个方面, 探讨当前的研究进展和初步研究成果。 相似文献
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厦门海区潮间带海洋动植物共附生微生物的抗菌活性 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
从厦门海区潮间带石纯、浒苔、江蓠、海兔、海葵及鲨鱼肠道分离得289株共附生微生物,以8种敏感菌为指示菌,从中获得拮抗活性的幼苗28株,放线菌17株,真菌8株。拮抗细菌以假单胞菌(39%)、弧菌(25%)和芽直菌(14%)为主,主要为抗革兰氏阳性细菌,抗真菌的菌株比例较低。拮抗放线菌分属于链霉菌和小单孢菌,其抗革兰氏阳性菌、阴性菌和真菌的菌株比例分别为65%、47%和23%。拮抗真菌分青霉属和芽枝霉 相似文献
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珠江口盆地BY7—1—1井晚渐新世浮游有孔虫的发现及其地质意义 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
秦国权 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1992,12(2):21-32
本文系统介绍了珠江口盆地最南的一个探井——BY7—1—1井浮游有孔虫生物地层和海侵层序。通过对该井有孔虫全面系统采样分析,发现了渐新世浮游有孔虫组合。这一重大发现给重新认识该区上、下第三系界线,以及对整个南海北部地层对比提供了新资料。并对有关的一些地质问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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黄福林 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1992,12(4):21-28
本文初步讨论了区内活动断裂的时空展布及一般特征,NNE—NE向继承性活动断裂是渤海海域及沿海大陆的主导构造,北黄海断裂活动与渤海相似,南黄海则以NEE向为主,苏北陆地及其近海兼有NNE—NE和NW向。资料表明,断裂的水平运动量大于垂直运动量,从各自的沉积厚度所估算的沉积速率说明早、晚第三纪和第四纪的构造强度是很近似的,因而华北和渤海区由走滑正断层反映的水平运动和差异升降运动仍处于十分活跃的发展阶段。 相似文献
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黏土矿物研究在示踪物源、源区风化历史乃至洋流变迁能力等方面具有重要的作用,尽管目前对南海表层沉积物黏土矿物宏观分布特征已获得了较系统的认识,但在受珠江和海南岛物源共同影响的南海西北部其高分辨率的黏土矿物学工作还未开展。本文对南海西北部表层沉积物中的黏土矿物组成、结晶学特征进行了分析,讨论了研究区黏土矿物的物质来源。结果表明,南海西北部表层沉积物的黏土矿物组成以伊利石为主(平均45%),蒙脱石(平均27%)与高岭石(平均21%)次之,绿泥石含量最少(平均6%)。在区域空间分布上,蒙脱石含量呈现西南高东北低的特征,伊利石含量则与之相反;高岭石含量表现为近岸高离岸低,而绿泥石含量呈现离岸高近岸低的特征。总体上,研究区表层沉积物黏土矿物组成与现代珠江沉积物组成差异较大,而与珠江口2.5 ka前的沉积物黏土矿物组成比较接近,并且结合研究区岩心揭露的全新世以来极低的沉积速率(4 cm/ka)以及上部很薄(小于0.6 m)的泥质沉积,推测该区表层沉积物可能并非是现代沉积的结果,更可能主要来自全新世末期古珠江输送的沉积物。除古珠江作为研究区表层沉积物中蒙脱石的一个主要来源外,海南岛北部河流也贡献了少量蒙脱石到其邻近的东南海域。运用高岭石/伊利石比值和伊利石化学指数等进一步对比分析表明,珠江是研究区沉积物中伊利石、高岭石和绿泥石的主要物源,其次台湾和海南岛也可能分别提供了少量富含伊利石/绿泥石和高岭石的沉积物。本工作对于南海西北部沉积物源-汇过程和相应的古环境研究有重要的参考意义。 相似文献
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Biological characteristics of marine bacterium S-9801 strain and its culture conditions of pigment production 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
INTRODUCTIONRecently ,moreandmoreattentionhasbeengiventotheexploitationandutilizationofmarinebioresourcebythestate .Ithasbeenwidelyrecognizedthatmarineorganismsduetotheiruniquesurvivalenvironmentcanproducenovelbioactiveproducts,whichhaven’tbeenfoundint… 相似文献
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In nature, a slope stability is determined by the ratio of a sliding resistance to a slide force. The slide force of a marine deep-water continental slope is mainly affected by sediment mechanics properties, a topography, and a marine seismic. However, the sliding resistance is mainly affected by sedimentary patterns and a sedimentary stress history. Both of these are different from case to case, and their impact can be addressed when the data are organized in a geographic information system(GIS). The study area on the continental slope in Zhujiang River Mouth Basin in South China Sea provides an excellent opportunity to apply GIS spatial analysis technology for the evaluation of the slope stability. In this area, a continental slope topography and a three-dimension(3-D) topography mapping show a sea-floor morphology and the distribution of a slope steepness in good detail, and the sediment analysis of seabed samples and an indoor appraisal reveals the variability of a sediment density near the sea-floor surface. On the basis of the results of nine geotechnical studies of submarine study areas, it has worked out that an equivalent cyclic shear stress ratio is roughly between 0.158 and 0.933, which is mainly depending on the initial water content of sediment. A regional density, slope and level of anticipated seismic shaking information are combined in a GIS framework to yield a map that illustrates a continental slope stability zoning under the influencing factors in Zhujiang River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea. The continental slope stability evaluation can contribute to north resources development in the South China Sea, the marine functional zoning, the marine engineering construction and adjust measures to local conditions, at the same time also can provide references for other deep-water slope stability analysis. 相似文献
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A data base of 111 filter-collected marine atmospheric particulates is used to describe the distribution of lead over the North and South Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the northern and central Arabian Sea. The distribution of atmospheric Pb is assessed in terms of enrichment factor diagrams, and it is shown that over the marine regions studied in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres the distribution of Pb in the atmosphere is controlled by the mixing of a background component, or components, with crustal material within certain concentration limits. For the Northern Hemisphere samples used in the investigation there is a reasonably well-defined Pb concentration minimum of ~ 0.6 ng m?3 of air; however, this will be severely decreased in more remote Northern Hemisphere marine regions. Geometric average Pb atmospheric concentrations vary from one marine region to another, ranging from ~ 0.98 ng m?3 of air for the South Atlantic westerlies to ~ 15 ng m?3 of air in the North Atlantic westerlies; although the latter reduces to ~ 7 ng m?3 of air when ‘polluted’ samples are excluded. Lead sea-surface deposition fluxes are calculated on the basis of two deposition velocities (0.25 and 1 cm s?1), the largest flux (220 ng Pb cm?2 yr?1) being found for the westerlies over the eastern margins of the North Atlantic. The distribution of lead over the North Atlantic is assessed in terms of the global lead budget and it is estimated that a maximum of ~ 24% of the total ‘natural’ lead injected annually into the World atmosphere, and ~ 3.5% of the anthropogenic lead injected annually into the Northern Hemisphere atmosphere, are deposited over the North Atlantic sea surface. 相似文献
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Mohamed O.Soliman Waleed B.Suleiman Mohamed M.Roushdy Eman N.Elbatrawy Ahmed M.Gad 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(3):86-93
Marine microorganisms were considered to be important sources of marine bioactive compounds. The major objective of the study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the various marine environment of Egypt. In this respect, thirty-five bacterial isolates were recovered from sediment samples collected from different spots along the Egyptian Red Sea coastline and Alexandria coastline during the summer season of 2017 and 2018. According to the morphological, phys... 相似文献
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海洋木栖真菌抗菌活性的初步研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
从福建厦门海沧、集美及漳州浮宫等地采集到的红树林等海洋潮间带的各种腐木样品中分离得到176株海洋木栖真菌,对其进行抗菌活性检测.其结果表明共有96株海洋木栖真菌对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌及白色假丝酵母中的一种或多种拮抗指示菌具有抑制作用,占供测菌株总数的54.5%.在这些活性菌株中,红树源菌株拮抗比例为30.2%,非红树源菌株拮抗比例为69.8%.具有抗菌活性的菌株主要分布于15个属中,包括木霉Trichoderma、青霉Penicillium、拟青霉Paecilomyces和一些不产孢的分类群.某些稀有真菌如盘多毛孢Pestalotia、茎点霉Phoma也具有一定的抗菌活性. 相似文献
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去除有机质前后海底沉积物对稀土元素吸附能力的变化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为更好地了解有机质对沉积物吸附稀土元素能力的影响,对珠江口和南海沉积物在去除有机质之前和之后进行了稀土元素吸附实验研究。结果表明,同一种沉积物在去除有机质前后对稀土元素的吸附呈现基本相同的规律,只是吸附量有所不同。沉积物在去除有机质之后对稀土离子的吸附能力比去除有机质之前大大降低;沉积物对各种稀土元素吸附量降低的百分比为:珠江口沉积物对Yb的吸附量减少了47.24%,对La的吸附量减少了75.50%,对其它元素的吸附量减少介于47.24%—75.50%之间;南海沉积物对Sm的吸附量减少了35.93%,对Ho的吸附量减少了45.41%,对其它元素的吸附量减少介于35.93%—45.41%之间。 相似文献