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1.
目的:基于肠道菌群探讨参竹心康方对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)模型大鼠的治疗作用。方法:将50只大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,参竹心康方低、中、高剂量组(简称为低、中、高剂量组),每组各10只。对模型组及各治疗组选择腹主动脉缩窄法制备CHF大鼠模型,最后模型组死亡3只,中、高剂量组各死亡1只,低剂量组死亡2只,其余造模成功。各治疗组予不同剂量参竹心康方灌胃,其余2组予0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃,连续4周。测定血浆乳酸、脑钠尿肽(BNP)含量以及结肠内容物的菌群特征。结果:模型组乳酸、BNP含量,厚壁菌门丰度,拟杆菌门丰度,F/B值,Muribaculaceae菌属、Eubacterium菌属、Clostridia-UCG-014菌属、Prevotella菌属与空白组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。参竹心康方中剂量组乳酸含量及Eubacterium菌属、Prevotella菌属,低、中、高剂量组BNP含量及拟杆菌门丰度、Clostridia-UCG-014菌属,低、中剂量组厚壁菌门丰度、F/B值、Muribaculaceae菌属,与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:参竹心康方能明显改善CHF大鼠的心功能,其作用机制可能与改善肠道菌群紊乱及调节肠道菌群产物有关。  相似文献   

2.
羽毛粉是一种潜在的饲料蛋白源。在水产动物饲料中添加适量的羽毛粉,不仅可以降低饲料成本,而且有助于禽类废弃物的再利用。在动物消化、降解、吸收羽毛粉过程中,动物肠道中的微生物可能发挥着重要作用;添加羽毛粉的饲料对鱼类肠道微生物多样性与群落结构的影响目前还不清楚。基于细菌16SrRNA基因高通量测序,作者对比研究了以添加羽毛粉(包括水解、酸解、膨化处理或生羽毛粉实验组,添加量为5%)和不添加羽毛粉的饲料(即对照组,包括鱼粉和商业饲料两组)喂养黑鲷12周后,黑鲷肠道细菌多样性与群落结构的变化情况。统计分析结果表明:添加羽毛粉的实验组中肠道细菌的丰富度、辛普森指数和香农指数显著低于对照组(P0.05);不含酸解羽毛粉组的实验组,其细菌群落结构与对照组差异显著(P0.05)。总体来看,黑鲷肠道细菌主要由厚壁菌门(57.3%)和变形菌门(36.3%)组成;实验组细菌群落中拟杆菌纲、梭菌纲、δ-变形菌纲、草酸杆菌科和青枯菌属的相对丰度显著低于对照组。不同的羽毛粉处理组之间也呈现出群落结构上的差异:与水解羽毛粉组相比,生羽毛粉组的变形菌门、γ-变形菌门、海洋螺菌目、盐单胞菌科和盐单胞菌属的相对丰度显著下降;与鱼粉组相比,生羽毛粉组中芽孢杆菌目在群落中的占比显著上升,而拟杆菌门、草酸杆菌科和青枯菌属的占比则显著下降,而且生羽毛粉组中厚壁菌门与变形菌门相对丰度的比值(7.42)明显高于鱼粉组(0.97)和水解羽毛粉组(0.74)且均接近显著(P=0.057)。与鱼粉组相比,水解羽毛粉组中紫单胞菌科和回线属的相对丰度显著下降,而盐单胞菌属的相对丰度显著上升。  相似文献   

3.
目的:观察五音疗法联合痛泻要方加味对肝郁脾虚腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)患者的临床疗效。方法:将84 例肝郁脾虚型IBS-D患者随机分为3组,每组各28 例。西药组给予匹维溴铵片口服治疗,中药组给予痛泻要方加味汤剂口服治疗,五音疗法联合中药组在中药组基础上配合五音疗法治疗,3组疗程均为4周,评价患者临床疗效、治疗前后中医证候积分、治疗后生活质量评分及治疗前后的焦虑、抑郁评分。结果:总有效率五音疗法联合中药组为92.86%(26/28),明显高于西药组的78.57%(22/28)和中药组的75.00%(21/28),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组治疗后中医证候积分较治疗前均有下降,五音疗法联合中药组改善情况显著优于中、西药组(P<0.01);五音疗法联合中药组IBS生活质量量表(IBS-QOL)各维度评分和总分均高于中、西药组(P<0.05),且在Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分方面均显著低于中、西药组(P<0.05)。结论:五音疗法联合痛泻要方加味治疗肝郁脾虚型IBS-D具有良好的临床疗效,能减轻临床症状、提高生活质量、改善患者焦虑和抑郁情绪,值得临床推广。  相似文献   

4.
人工饲料饲养的对虾肠道菌群和水体细菌区系的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
对人工饲料饲养的凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei成虾肠道菌群组成及其水体细菌区系组成进行了研究.分离纯化后的革兰氏阴性菌鉴定到种的水平.对虾肠道菌群主要由弧菌Vibrio spp.、希瓦氏菌属Shewnella spp.、嗜氢菌属Hydrogenophaga spp.、伯克霍尔德氏菌Burkholderia spp.、气单胞菌Aeromonas spp.、食酸菌Acidovorax spp.和芽孢杆菌Bacillus spp.组成.水体细菌区系主要包括弧菌Vibrio spp.、希瓦氏菌属Shewnella spp.、艾肯菌Empedobacter spp.、无色杆菌Achromobacter spp.和芽孢杆菌Bacillus spp..肠道菌群和水体细菌区系的优势菌是副溶血弧菌Vibrio parahaemolyticus和芽孢杆菌Bacillus spp..利用Shannon-Wiener指数进行多样性分析,发现虾肠道多样性指数(H)和均匀度(J)高于水体细菌区系,而丰度(D)较低.  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察痛泻要方加减治疗混合痔术后肝木乘脾型腹泻的临床疗效。方法:选取混合痔术后肝木乘脾型腹泻患者86例,随机分为2组各43例,治疗组采用痛泻要方加味治疗,对照组采用双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片治疗。观察2组症状积分及综合疗效。结果:总有效率治疗为90.70%,对照组为76.74%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组症状总积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组各项症状积分治疗后比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:痛泻要方加味治疗混合痔术后肝木乘脾型腹泻疗效优于双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片。  相似文献   

6.
为研究长江口日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗肠道菌群的结构与多样性特征,初步探究野生鳗鲡仔鱼的营养需求,分别采集浙江台州市、舟山市以及江苏盐城市邻近海域的玻璃鳗样品,利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术,分析三个采样点玻璃鳗肠道优势菌群及营养代谢相关的功能差异。结果显示,三个采样点的玻璃鳗肠道菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria, 68.7%~82.0%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,4.2%~19.0%)为主要优势菌门。在属分类水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter, 12.4%~17.3%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas, 8.07%~13.03%)丰度较高,属固定优势菌属。此外,每个采样点样本中都含有丰富的独特细菌群,包括台州市的气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、舟山市的内生单胞属(Endozoicomonas)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)以及盐城市的嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和稳杆菌属(Empedobacter),推测是受采样点不同水环境因素影响。不动杆菌、假单胞菌、内生单胞菌等菌属在多种鱼类肠道中有着消化蛋白质的功能,气单胞菌虽属于...  相似文献   

7.
本文研究了不同饲料添加物对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)肠道菌群结构的影响。实验设计了5种不同的饲料添加物,分别为破壁酵母(A,添加量为0.6%)、中草药提取物(B,添加量为0.3%)、柠檬酸(C,添加量为0.3%)、益生菌(D,蜡样芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus BC-01,添加量为109cfu/kg)和氟苯尼考(E,添加量为15mg/kg),以投喂实验用基础饲料组作为对照(F)。每个处理组分别设置了5个重复,每个重复10尾虾,实验进行了42d。采用PCR-DGGE技术分析了饲料中不同添加物对凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群结构的影响,研究结果表明:凡纳滨对虾肠道内菌群归属于γ-变形菌纲、黄杆菌纲和芽孢杆菌纲,它们分别为埃希氏菌属(Escherichia)、弧菌属(Vibrio)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、志贺氏菌属(Shigella)、Tamlana属和Formosa属。A、B、C和D处理组以埃希氏菌属为主要优势菌,E组和对照组以弧菌属为主要优势菌。其中,对照组中弧菌的相对含量最高为37.74%,其次是E组,相对含量为23.79%。总体比较,添加中草药提取物、柠檬酸及芽孢杆菌处理组对虾肠道菌群结构相似,而与添加破壁酵母、氟苯尼考和对照组的细菌群落结构有所差异。饲料中添加适量的破壁酵母、中草药提取物、柠檬酸、芽孢杆菌及氟苯尼考均对凡纳滨对虾肠道内的弧菌属细菌有一定的抑制作用,其中以添加0.6%的破壁酵母效果最佳,可有效抑制对虾肠道中的弧菌属细菌。  相似文献   

8.
目的:观察痛泻要方对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)肝郁脾虚证的临床疗效及其对肠道菌群的影响。方法:将40例UC肝郁脾虚证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各20例。对照组予美沙拉嗪肠溶片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用痛泻要方治疗。2组疗程均为12周,比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分及肠道菌群的变化。结果:治疗前,2组中医证候积分、主要肠道菌群数目比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组中医证候积分均降低,有益菌群(双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌)数目均明显上升,而有害菌群(大肠埃希菌)数目明显下降,且治疗组的指标改善情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:痛泻要方可有效改善UC肝郁脾虚证患者的中医证候,纠正患者肠道菌群的紊乱,提高临床疗效。  相似文献   

9.
王静  臧帆  秦松 《海洋科学》2023,47(12):93-101
酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease, ALD)是中国常见的肝脏疾病之一, 严重危害人民健康。目前, 缺乏治疗酒精性肝病的有效方法。螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白(phycocyanin, PC)是一种天然蛋白质, 具有抗炎、抗氧化等作用。本文研究了PC对大鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及其对肠道菌群的影响。利用酒精诱导酒精性肝损伤模型, 将大鼠随机分为4组, 分别为对照组, 模型组, 阳性对照组, 藻蓝蛋白组, 灌胃PC干预之后, 通过肝脏切片的Masson和HE染色的病理分析判断肝损伤的程度, 之后通过16S rRNA高通量测序技术检测大鼠肠道菌群的组成和结构。模型组大鼠肠道菌群发生了紊乱, 显著降低了双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriaceae)的丰度, 该菌种可以减少肝脏炎症和肝酶, 口服PC后Bifidobacteriaceae的丰度显著增加。此外, 酒精诱导后, 乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillaceae)的丰度略微增加, 促进酒精代谢。藻蓝蛋白能够通过改变酒精性肝损伤大鼠的肠道菌群构成, 从而起到缓解酒精诱导的肝损伤的效果。  相似文献   

10.
细菌性肠炎对海马养殖业影响巨大, 但病原对海马肠道菌群的具体影响尚不清楚。文章利用已分离的病原细菌 Edwardsiella tarda YT1和海马细菌性肠炎模型, 结合16S rDNA高通量测序技术, 探究病原细菌侵染对海马肠道菌群的影响。结果发现, E. tarda侵染改变了海马肠道菌群的结构组成、多样性和丰度, 并显著降低了其多样性(p<0.05); 显著增加了海马肠道变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度(p<0.05), 减少了放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度(p<0.05); 导致致病菌爱德华氏菌属(Edwardsiella)在属水平的相对丰度极显著增加(p<0.01), 而肠道固有菌群嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和罗氏菌属(Rothia)极显著减少(p<0.01), 以及球菌属(Macrococcus)与动球菌属(Planococcus)显著减少(p<0.05)。研究结果表明, E. tarda能通过改变海马肠道固有优势菌群的相对丰度导致菌群失调。菌群功能变化及其相关性分析表明, E. tarda可能通过显著提高细菌趋化性、鞭毛组装、ABC转运蛋白、磷酸转运酶系统以及脂多糖生物合成途径的活性(p<0.05), 抑制肠道核心菌群如嗜冷杆菌属、动球菌属和谷氨酸杆菌属的丰度及其核糖体、RNA降解、核苷酸剪切修复与脂肪酸生物合成途径的活性(p<0.05), 导致肠道菌群功能失调, 并诱发肠炎。  相似文献   

11.
Suction-induced seepage is pivotal to the installation of caisson foundations in sand. Indeed, the upward pore water flow on the inner side of the caisson wall causes a release of a fraction of soil resistance due to the reduction of the lateral effective stress. A safe caisson installation requires a reliable prediction of soil conditions, especially soil resistance and critical suction for piping. These soil conditions must be predicted for the whole installation process.In this paper, we examine the effect on such prediction of the assumed permeability profile, which is described as a function of depth below the mudline. This study is motivated by the fact that marine sediments generally exhibit a permeability that decreases with depth because of consolidation under gravity. Hence, the question is whether conventional theories based on a constant permeability lead to a conservative prediction of soil conditions or not. Our conclusion is affirmative only regarding piping condition. As for soil resistance, a prediction based on the assumption of a constant permeability is non-conservative. This is due to an overestimated reduction in effective stresses under suction-induced seepage.  相似文献   

12.
江茹 《海洋信息》2002,(4):31-31
最近,由欧盟(则资助的研究项目(Parforce)研究人员发现了海洋藻类与气候变化之间的联系。项目研究人员发现,从海洋藻类及浮游生物释放的碘蒸汽,在海面上浓缩,形成对抗地球变暖的悬浮微粒。此悬浮微粒对地球气候变化及降  相似文献   

13.
Jaw-Fang Lee  Yo-Ming Cheng   《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(11-12):1690-1700
This study presents an analytical solution for the problem of waves passing a submerged porous structure, using a multi-region method in the solution scheme considering the characteristics of geometry and composing materials of the porous structure. Using the flux and pressure conditions on horizontal boundaries and interfaces, the orthogonal property of wave motion within the porous layers through water depth is derived, and applied in the solution process. The flux and pressure conditions on vertical boundaries and interfaces are integrated to give a set of linear matrix equations, through which the unknown coefficients are solved. Comparisons of the present method with previous studies are preceded in verification, which suggests the validity and practicability of the present study, with a further expectation of extending our work to build a mild-slope equation over multiple-layer porous medium in the future.  相似文献   

14.
目的:研究气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的行为学特征、饮水量、摄食量、体质量及肺复方对上述指标及脏器指数的影响。方法:取C57BL/6J小鼠40只,将其随机分为空白组8只、造模组32只。造模组灌服热性中药水煎液合并烟熏制备气阴两虚模型(造模第一阶段,共14 d),于第15天移植Lewis肺癌细胞(造模第二阶段,共14 d),按性别、体质量分层随机分为模型组、顺铂组、肺复方组及顺铂+肺复方组(联用组),连续进行药物干预14 d。以造模每阶段及药物干预第1天的体质量、饮水量和摄食量分别作为基础体质量、基础饮水量和基础摄食量。并于固定时间,每2 d记录动物饮水量和摄食量,每3 d记录动物体质量,药物干预结束后处理动物,测量、计算其去瘤体质量和肝、脾及胸腺的脏器指数。结果:造模第一阶段小鼠饮水量和摄食量减少,造模第二阶段小鼠体质量增加,气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠脾脏和肝脏指数升高,胸腺指数降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。药物干预后各组小鼠活动量增加,肺复方组饮水量、体质量增加,顺铂组小鼠摄食量、体质量减少,脾脏指数、去瘤体质量降低,联用组小鼠饮水量增加、摄食量减少,脾脏、胸腺指数升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:气阴两虚Lewis肺癌荷瘤模型小鼠的饮水量和摄食量减少,体质量增加;肺复方可缓解模型动物口干少饮、形体羸瘦等症状,改善顺铂引起的不良反应,增加模型小鼠脾脏和胸腺指数;肺复方干预肺癌的作用机制可能与其增强机体免疫功能有关。  相似文献   

15.
This paper discusses the development of ITQs in Norway. Even if some would deny that anything such exists, fisheries management in Norway has some unmistakable characteristics of an ITQ system. Both boatowners and policy makers have discovered the attractions of transferable quotas, the former as a means to increase their private profits, the latter as a vehicle to reduce fleet overcapacity. The slow evolution of transferability is mainly the result of ideological opposition and opposition to structural changes, the latter involving falling number of fishermen, changes in location of the fishing industry, and changed composition of the fishing fleet. The development of this system in the purse seine fleet and the fleet fishing for cod and similar species is traced. Then the concept of resource rent is discussed, as well as how it has become capitalized in quota values, which show up as a rise in value of long term assets of the fishing industry.  相似文献   

16.
17.
太阳能海水淡化技术   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
文章论述应用太阳能集热和太阳能光伏发电系统进行蒸馏淡化和膜法淡化的海水淡化方法。与传统动力源和热源相比 ,太阳能具有安全、环保等优点 ,将太阳能采集与脱盐工艺两个系统结合是一种可持续发展的海水淡化技术  相似文献   

18.
本文介绍了浙江近海生态环境恶化情况,并提出了强化浙江省生态环境保护与建设的对策措施建议。  相似文献   

19.
The use of Omega sondes, designed for the determination of upper air wind vectors, for relative position measurements on the ground is described. The technique shows promise in measuring the deformation of sea ice, the motion of oceanic surface water, and the trajectories of constant-level balloons. The sondes need not be recollected, are inexpensive, and can be built up to large arrays. The accuracy can be as high as ±30 m within a radius of about 30 km from the observing point. The computation is based on noise suppression of the signal retransmitted from the sondes  相似文献   

20.
For many years, GLORIA has been producing sonar images of the deep ocean floor. In the mid-1980's, the SeaMARC II system came to prominence producing depth values as well as sonar images. The basic method compares the phases of the signals returning from the seafloor to two rows of transducers. The phase differences are converted into angles of arrival and together with the arrival times converted into range and depth values. This capability has now been added to the GLORIA system. The fact that GLORIA uses a 2s FM pulse means the backscattered reverberation can come from a strip of seafloor up to 1.5 km wide. To accommodate this, overlapping complex FFT's are used to produce a time-frequency matrix for the returning signals. In this matrix, a constant range feature appears as a diagonal. Phases are then calculated using a least-mean-squares estimate along diagonals. The main source of error and bias is due to surface reflection, and this is taken into account. The GLORIA swath bathymetry system was tested on two cruises and it was possible to produce depth contours with a good level of confidence. The total swath width was over eight water depths and would have been greater with a more favorable velocity profile. Comparison with other bathymetry data (such as multibeam systems) showed excellent correlation, having a standard deviation of only 4% of total water depth  相似文献   

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