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1.
辽东湾表层沉积物的重金属污染特征与质量评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文研究了辽东湾表层沉积物中重金属的分布及污染特征，评价其生态风险及环境质量。对辽东湾表层沉积物8种重金属（As、Cu、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn）的空间分布进行了研究，采用Hankanson法和Igeo（地累积指数）分析了该海域重金属潜在生态风险，并评价了该海域的环境质量。在辽东湾葫芦岛附近海域、西南部六股河口东南部海域以及西部近岸海域表层沉积物中As、Cu、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn含量偏高。地累积指数法及生态风险指数法对重金属污染程度评价结果一致，辽东湾生态环境具有潜在危害的重金属主要是Cd、Hg和As，8种重金属潜在生态风险系数由高到低依次为Cd、Hg、Cu、Pb、As、Zn、Ni和Cr，各站位重金属综合潜在生态风险指数均大于150，生态风险总体上处于中等生态风险等级。Cd和Hg是该海域沉积物重金属中主要污染物，局部区域达到中、中-强污染程度。环境质量评价表明，辽东湾表层沉积物重金属引发有害生物效应的可能性不大，但Cd和Hg显著富集，应予以重视。 相似文献
2.
辽东湾北部海域沉积物重金属环境质量和污染演化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
基于取自辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物和岩心样品,利用XRF等方法对沉积物中的重金属含量进行系统的测定,结合137 Cs、210Pb年代测定,分析了研究区表层沉积物中重金属分布特征、环境质量状态以及重金属污染历史。结果表明:辽东湾表层沉积物重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg含量高值区主要分布在葫芦岛附近海域,并且呈现由近岸向远岸递减的趋势;辽东湾海域部分站位表层沉积物已经受到重金属污染,轻度和重度污染率为34.5%,清洁率为65.5%,重度污染站位集中在葫芦岛附近海域;辽东湾沉积物中重金属污染大致出现在1975年,于1997年达到最大,随后,重金属污染开始明显减少。辽东湾沉积物中重金属分布及演化特征与沿海社会经济发展和国家环境保护政策有着密切的联系。 相似文献
3.
海湾是海洋和陆地相互作用和人类活动最强烈的区域，沉积物中重金属的含量和分布都受到人类活动的影响。为了探究钦州湾沉积物中重金属的含量水平、污染程度和可能来源，本研究分析了钦州湾表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg和As的含量及空间分布，采用地质累计指数（Igeo）和潜在生态风险指数（PERI）定量分析了重金属的污染程度和生态风险，并利用自组织映射(SOM)和正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)模型评估了重金属的可能来源。结果表明：钦州湾表层沉积物重金属中Zn的平均含量最高，Hg平均含量最低；除个别站位的Pb含量符合海洋沉积物质量第二类标准外，其他重金属含量均符合海洋沉积物质量第一类标准；Igeo结果表明钦州湾表层沉积物主要的污染元素为Pb、Hg和Cu；PERI结果表明Hg是钦州湾表层沉积物主要的生态风险元素。SOM和PMF模型结果表明钦州湾表层沉积物重金属主要受自然来源、农业活动、工业生产活动的共同影响，各来源的相对贡献率分别为39.65%、29.15%和31.20%。 相似文献
4.
根据日照近海13个站位表层沉积物粒度和重金属含量测试结果，分析了研究区表层沉积物粒度和重金属含量分布特征，采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估了研究区重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险，探讨了重金属的来源和控制因素。结果表明，研究区表层沉积物可分为粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂等3种类型，沉积物类型主要呈大致平行岸线的条带状分布，由岸向海依次为粉砂 砂质粉砂 粉砂质砂。研究区表层沉积物中Cr、Zn、Pb、As、Cu、Cd、Hg等重金属的平均含量由高到低依次为45.5、21.8、16.4、8.5、4.8、0.113、0.11 μg/g。从空间分布特征来看，Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb高值区主要出现在付疃河口近岸和研究区中西部海域，Cd和As高值区位于研究区中东部海域。污染状况评估显示，Cr、Cu、Zn、As未出现污染；Cd轻度污染，个别站位达到中度污染，Hg、Pb部分站位呈轻度污染。潜在生态风险等级依次为：Cd＞Hg＞Cu＞As＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn，其中Cd和Hg表现为中生态风险，个别站位Cd为高风险危害。表层沉积物中Cu、Cr、Zn、Hg和Pb元素主要来源于陆源细粒物质的输入，Cd和As元素可能来源于钢铁冶炼、煤炭燃烧、农药、化肥以及海水养殖等。研究区表层沉积物中重金属空间分布主要受物源控制。 相似文献
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6.
为了解三门湾海域表层沉积物重金属的含量和分布特征，本研究对三门湾海域2019年82个站位海域表层沉积物中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As及Hg共7种重金属元素的含量进行测定，并对比10年前的数据，分析了元素含量的变化情况，追溯了其主要物质来源。结果表明，三门湾海域表层沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Hg的平均质量浓度分别是31.33、96.46、29.86、0.116、91.54、13.09、0.06 mg/kg,Cu、Cr的含量相对较高。与2009年相比，2019年三门湾海域表层沉积物Cu、Zn与Cd的含量大体上保持一致，Pb、Cr与As的含量有所上升，Hg的含量显著降低。沉积物重金属含量由近岸向外海依次降低，高值区主要集中在蛇蟠水道口、力洋港与健跳镇附近。运用主成分分析与因子分析对重金属物质来源进行解析的结果表明，重金属物质的来源与人类活动的影响密切相关。 相似文献
7.
威海湾沉积物重金属含量分布及其潜在生态危害评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对威海湾表层沉积物中重金属(Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Hg,As)的含量分布及富集状况进行了调查分析,并采用Hakanson的潜在生态危害指数法评价了该湾沉积物中重金属污染的程度及其潜在的生态危害。结果表明,威海湾表层沉积物中Cu,Zn,Pb,Hg 4种重金属的含量分布特征表现为由西北向东南递减的趋势;Cd在湾西部含量较高,呈由西向东递减的趋势;As整体分布较均匀,在湾内近岸处较高,湾口处较低。潜在生态危害评价结果表明,威海湾表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态危害轻微;污染程度顺序为CdAsHgPbCuZn;对威海湾生态环境具有潜在影响的重金属主要是Cd。 相似文献
8.
分析研究了兴化湾中部表层海水Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As的含量发现,表层海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量均符合海水水质一类标准,对表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Hg、Cr、Cd、As等6种重金属含量分析表明,6种重金属含量均符合海洋沉积物质量一类标准.表层海水中重金属与环境因子相关性分析表明,6种重金属与环境的相关性在不同季节中存在差异;而表层沉积物中重金属与环境因子的分析表明,重金属具有相近的来源,有机质对沉积物中重金属的含量分布具有重要影响.主成分分析结果表明,兴化湾中部表层沉积物7种重金属主要来源为有机质的降解、沉积环境本身及工业排污的影响,其贡献率分别为59.48%、15.30%、10.98%,3个主成分的贡献率合计达到85.76%.潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As均属轻微生态危害. 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质前沿》2017,(3)
通过多种测试手段对海南岛南部滨海地区164个站位表层沉积物样品进行了重金属含量分析,探讨了重金属元素来源及分布特征,并对其生态风险进行了评价,结果表明:研究区Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、As、Hg和Cd等元素含量分别为10.45、22.38、53.72、23.42、4.52、0.09和0.05μg/g。重金属元素主要富集在新村港及榆林湾等地,其Hg元素较同类旅游港湾明显偏高。Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr主要来源为自然风化和侵蚀,其含量与分布受粒度制约;As元素分布主要受人类活动影响;有机质降解过程释放的金属离子以及人为因素是Hg、Cd的主要来源。单一重金属污染物对底质环境影响较小,潜在生态危害指数综合评价结果表明,部分站位表层沉积物已经受到重金属污染,各重金属潜在生态危害等级排序依次为HgAsCdPbCuCrZn,Hg元素是主要潜在的生态风险,应加强对其监控。 相似文献
10.
深圳湾表层沉积物中重金属的分布 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文在1986年4月至1989年1月间深圳湾12次环境调查资料的基础上,报道了6个调查站的表层沉积物中6种重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、N(?))的含量及其时空分布特征,以及表层沉积物中重金属的含量与环境因子的相关分析结果,并且对该湾表层沉积物中重金属的污染程度作出了评价,为今后深圳湾环境质量综合评价提供了背景资料。 相似文献
11.
This paper analyses the global tendency of the sea level rise (SLR) and its long term influence on the sea level upstream drainage cascade based on the example of the level’s variation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea compared to the other lagoons and coastal regions of the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. A steady positive trend in the water level variations was revealed; its magnitude varies significantly depending on the time period. In general, during the 100–150 year period, the rate of the SLR in the lagoons and coastal areas of the Baltic Sea (1.7–1.8 mm per year) is close to the SLR rate in the World Ocean. In the second half of the 20th century, the increased rate of the SLR in the lagoons and marine areas became stronger (up to 3.6 mm per year in the Vistula Lagoon and in 1959–2006 in the sea and exceeded the rate of global ocean SLR). It dramatically increased at the end of the last century both in the lagoons and in the sea (up to 10.0–15.0 mm per year). This is the response not only to the global climate warming but it is likely that it is also a response to the changes of the climate driving forces that influence the regimes of the local wind and precipitation in the catchment. 相似文献
12.
Distribution of Pacific-origin water in the region of the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic Ocean in the summer of 2003 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
1Introduction Besidestheprecipitationandriverdischarges,the watersinthePacificOceanandtheAtlanticOceanare thesourcesoftheArcticOceanwater.TheAtlantic waterenterstheArcticOceanviatheFramStraitand theBarentsSea.Foritsdenserfeatureduetohigh salinity,mostofitsinkstothenorthofSvaldbardand circulatesinallthedeepbasinsintheArcticOcean, formingthedeepandbottomwatersoftheArcticO- cean(Aagaardetal.,1985;Rudelsetal.,1999).The BeringStraitistheonlychannelforthePacificwater toflowintotheArcticOce… 相似文献
13.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The Great Andaman–Sumatra earthquake (GASE) on December 26, 2004, with magnitude Mw of 9.2, occurred in the Indian Ocean near the northwestern... 相似文献
14.
Data on the contents and compositions of the hydrocarbons (HCs)—aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic (PAHs)—are provided
in comparison with the contents of the total organic carbon (Corg), the lipids in the particulates, and the Corg in bottom sediments. Particular attention has been paid to the distribution of the HCs in the water area of the Kravtsov
oil field. It has been established that the concentrations of AHCs in the water are governed by the content of particulates,
and the elevated AHC concentrations are confined to the coastal areas. In the water area of platform D-6, the sandy bottom
sediments were notable for the great variability of the HC concentrations, both laterally and from year to year. In the summer
of 2010, the content of AHCs averaged 40 μg/g (19% in the Corg), and that of PAHs, 23 ng/g. Natural seepage from the sediment mass is considered to be a source of HCs along with oil contamination. 相似文献
15.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
16.
1 古新-下渐新统含油气层系 古新-始新统母岩形成于滨海和湖泊沉积环境中，并在大量冲积源的参与之下，促进了含分散有机质混合类型砂-黏土质陆源岩层的堆积。在中国东北诸盆地中，含工业油气的白垩-早第三纪建造形成于开阔的浅水和深水湖泊环境中。与中国的盆地类似，在下第三系下部 相似文献
17.
Causes of the bottom hypoxia in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland in the baltic sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A. A. Maximov 《Oceanology》2006,46(2):185-191
The data on the bottom concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland obtained in 1923–1939 and in 1962–1989 were analyzed. No statistically reliable differences were found between the two periods studied. It was found that, during the 20th century, the fluctuations in the oxygen concentration were caused by the interannual variability of the winter severity and water salinity. A strong oxygen deficit in the summer was recorded after cold winters, when early freezing suppressed the vertical mixing, and/or in the years of a significant inflow of salt waters from the Baltic Sea with low oxygen contents. It is likely that the long-term dynamics of the oxygen concentration near the bottom in the open parts of the bay is determined by the large-scale variability of the hydrometeorological parameters. 相似文献
18.
The role of the small-size (SF; 0.1–0.5 mm) and large-size (LF; 0.5–20.0 mm) fractions in the biomass and abundance of mesozooplankton
(0.1–20.0 mm) was assessed using the database of samples obtained during the cruises of RV Akvanavt in the northeastern Black Sea in November 2000 and October 2006. The mesozooplankton was collected by means of Juday nets
(37/50, filtering gauze 160 μm) and Niskin bottles in two areas: (1) the shelf and continental slope (30–1480 m depth) and
(2) the deep sea (depths of more than 1500 m). The plankton net was considerably less effective in collecting the SF of the
mesozooplankton (by a factor of 30–36) than the Niskin bottles. When comparing the SF and LF, we estimated the abundance and
biomass of the SF in the samples obtained with the Niskin bottles. The abundance of the SF in the deep-sea area was 2.5 times
lower compared to the shelf and continental slope, and the LF abundance was 5.0 times lower in the same way. The abundance
of the SF constituted 88% of the total mesozooplankton on the shelf and continental slope, and 78% in the deep-sea area. The
biomass of the SF was higher as well on the shelf and continental slope. Meroplankton played a significant role in the SF
zooplankton abundance (0.5 × 103 + 0.16 ind. m−3) in this area. The SF grazing impact was 10% of the total mesozooplankton grazing on the shelf and continental slope, and
17% in the deepsea area. Appendicularia and nauplii of copepods had the greatest contribution to the mesozooplankton grazing
among the SF group. 相似文献
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution in Kenya
Boaz O. Ohowa 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(1):17-21
This paper presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution on Kenya's marine and coastal environment. The prospect of chronic oil pollution along the Kenyan coastline and the port of Mombasa is discussed. A review of the vulnerable marine and coastal resources, commonly used indicators of effectiveness in oil pollution management and the legislation governing oil pollution is given. The author concludes by emphasising that despite having the right legislation in place, there is need for the establishment of criteria and indicators necessary for evaluation of policy effectiveness. 相似文献