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动荷载作用下海底粉土的孔压响应及其动强度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文选用近海分布较广的粉土为研究对象 ,利用室内动三轴试验结果 ,找出动荷载作用下粉土的动应力应变关系 ,分析模拟波浪荷载作用下粉土中的孔压响应、临界循环次数 ,确定波浪作用下粉土的应力状态、破坏临界循环次数 ,判断不同深度处的粉土发生液化的可能性及发生液化所需要的时间 ;研究粉土在动荷载作用下的强度降低 ,为海上工程设计和施工提供科学依据。 相似文献
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利用EcoTaihu生态模型中的压缩坐标系下三维水动力学子模型，对4种吞吐流量（换水周期分别为36d、7．2d、3．6d、35h），东、西、南、北风向，不同风速的风场作用下的浅水湖泊进行了数值模拟，分析比较了不同风速作用下湖泊分层流场及垂向平均流场结构的差异。结果表明，随着风速的增大，湖泊垂向平均流场逐渐由受吞吐流控制转变成受风生流场控制；在此转变过程中存在着临界风速值，当风速大小超过该值时，流场结构发生明显的改变；风向和吞吐流量是影响临界风速值大小的主要因素。风速变化对稳定状态的湖泊表层、次表层流场有较大影响，而对底层和次底层影响不大。在水深水平变化较大的区域，垂直平均流场结构对风速变化的响应较为敏感，易形成环流，浅水区垂向平均流向和风向一致，深水区则和风向相反；水深变化较小的水域，流场结构对风速变化的响应则较为迟钝。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(3)
潮滩沉积物的抗侵蚀性影响着海岸线的稳定,关系到海岸防护工程决策。2008年7月在现代黄河三角洲海港潮滩使用自制的循环水槽进行了表层沉积物抗侵蚀性试验,并测试了沉积物的物理力学性质。经现场实测得出海港潮滩表层沉积物的临界侵蚀切应力值为0.088~0.254 Pa,沉积物抗侵蚀性的非均匀特征,促使了滩面凹坑的形成。影响沉积物临界侵蚀切应力的因素中,剪切强度与临界侵蚀切应力的关系最为密切,二者呈良好的线性关系。临界侵蚀流速试验值与利用各泥沙起动公式计算得到的值差别较大,在目前情况下采用原位测试能得到较为客观的临界侵蚀条件。 相似文献
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旨在了解箱型梁在极端循环载荷下的极限强度特性。利用非线性有限元方法来研究裂纹箱型梁的极限弯矩，分析了5种裂纹模型，探讨了裂纹类型、裂纹位置和裂纹长度的影响。考虑了两种载荷形式应用生死单元法对双向循环弯曲下裂纹扩展进行了模拟；并将由循环载荷引起的累积塑性损伤和疲劳裂纹损伤均考虑在内。无论单向循环还是双向循环，单裂纹模型的极限弯矩均小于双裂纹模型的极限弯矩；单边裂纹是最危险的裂纹类型。进一步分析了极端循环载荷下裂纹箱型梁的极限强度折减机理，得出了极限强度折减归因于这两种损伤的耦合作用的结论，并通过其他箱型梁验证了其适用性。 相似文献
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研究了通过间隔取液法延长化学镀镍液使用寿命的技术,通过孔隙率试验测定镀层耐孔蚀性能。结果表明,间隔取液法可以有效地延长镀液的使用寿命,镀液中有害离子Na ,SO42-,HPO3-的临界浓度分别为1.99,0.626和0.486mol/L。当取液量>11%时,镀液中的有害离子均不超过其临界浓度,镀液可以循环使用。 相似文献
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多跨输液管的稳定性及动力响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了在工程中常见的支承在多个弹性支座上的输液管系，用Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理和有限元法建立管道系统的运动方程，通过求解带有陀螺矩阵的振动方程组的特征值问题计算了这种管系的临界流速，结果表明，前两阶模态的临界流速相同，且明显高于单跨管的最低临界流速；用威尔逊－θ逐步积分法考察了管系在临界流速附近对扰动的响应，结果表明，当小于临界流速时，响应主要是低频周期振动；反之，则位移随时间按指数增长 相似文献
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基于API BULL2U规范有关圆柱壳体结构稳定性条文,对Spar平台的圆柱型硬舱壳体的骨架布置型式与圆柱壳体结构的稳定性关系进行了初步探讨,编写了圆柱壳体结构稳定性计算分析软件。通过对例题的计算,认为在Spar平台硬舱壳体设置环向加强筋可显著提高第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类屈曲的临界应力,但对第Ⅰ类屈曲的临界应力影响不大;当数量超过的临界值时,设置纵向筋可显著提高第Ⅰ类屈曲临界应力,但对第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类屈曲模式纵向加强作用有限。 相似文献
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Abstract The strength of saturated clays subjected to low‐frequency cyclic loading is of considerable importance in the design of offshore structures. A series of postcyclic undrained triaxial strength tests were carried out on samples of a silty clay (Keuper Marl), which had not failed under cyclic loading, to investigate the effect of this loading on the postcyclic monotonie effective stress path and strength of the soil. Undrained cyclic loading of normally consolidated and lightly overconsolidated samples by generating positive pore pressures caused the apparent degree of overconsolidation to increase. Samples subsequently subjected to monotonie testing followed effective stress paths commensurate with this apparent overconsolidation and failed on the “Hvorslev” surface on the “dry” side of the stable state boundary surface rather than on the critical state as would be expected of samples of this initial stress history. Samples which were initially heavily overconsolidated did not generate large pore pressures under cyclic loading and did not therefore exhibit large changes in postcyclic monotonie strength. The reduction in strength after cyclic loading therefore is greater for normally consolidated and lightly overconsolidated samples. The pore pressures generated under postcyclic monotonie loading are related to the degree of apparent overconsolidation achieved during cyclic loading. 相似文献
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Analysis of wave-induced liquefaction in seabed deposits of silt 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The dynamic stress introduced in half elastic space by wave loading is characterized by the equation between the magnitude of half cyclic axial stress and cyclic torsion shear stress and the principal stress,whose direction rotates continuously and compression stress on seabed can be calculated by the use of small amplitude wave theory.With relationship curves of saturated silt of liquefaction cycles and cyclic stress ratios obtained by cyclic triaxial-torsional coupling shear tests and curve fitting method to different data points of relative density,it is suggested that the cyclic stress ratio corresponding to constant liquefaction impedance be taken as the critical cyclic stress ratio which implies liquefaction.There exists a linear relationship between critical cyclic stress ratio and relative density under different relative densities.Empirical formula for critical cyclic stress ratios of seabed liquefaction induced by wave loading under different relative densities is established.The possibility of seabed silt liquefaction and its influence factors are analyzed based on the small-amplitude wave theory and the data acquired in laboratory tests. 相似文献
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AbstractHollow cylinder torsional shear tests on loose isotropically and anisotropically consolidated calcareous sand were conducted to investigate the cyclic behavior under three different linear stress paths, including horizontal line, oblique line, and vertical line stress paths, in a coordinate system of the normal stress difference and the horizontal shear stress. The dominant strain components of the isotropically consolidated specimens are affected by the stress paths. With increasing consolidation stress ratio, axial strain gradually becomes the dominant strain component under the three different stress paths. The cyclic strength of the isotropically consolidated specimens under the three different stress paths are almost the same, while for the anisotropically consolidated specimens, the cyclic strengths are strongly affected by the stress paths. These results indicate that conventional cyclic triaxial tests may overestimate cyclic strength in some cases. Irrespective of the stress paths and cyclic stress ratios, the terminal residual excess pore pressure ratio decreases with increasing consolidation stress ratio. Moreover, an empirical equation is proposed to describe the relationship between the normalized shear work and the normalized residual excess pore pressure ratio. The comparative study reveals that the relationship proposed for silica sand is not suitable for the dynamic analyses of calcareous sand. 相似文献
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To investigate cyclic deformation behavior of natural soft marine clay-involved principal stress rotation, a series of undrained tests were conducted by using GDS hollow cylinder apparatus. The principal stress rotates 5000 cycles while the deviator stress was kept at a constant level. The tests results show that the deformation behavior of the tested samples are significantly dependent on cyclic stress ratio (CSR). Furthermore, different type of generation of axial strains occur under different CSRs. With the same CSR, the type of axial strain is different between that considering and ignoring principal stress rotation. When CSR is larger than CSR = 0.42 under principal stress rotation, the axial strain grows rapidly after a few cycles. Compared with the results conducted by cyclic triaxial results, the effect of principal stress rotation on the axial strain is significant. 相似文献
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ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｌａｒｇｅｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃａｌｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｉｓｏｆｔｅｎｕｓｅｄａｓｔｈｅｗｈａｒｆａｎｄｔｈｅｂｒｅａｋｗａｔｅｒｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｈａｒｂｏｒ.Ｓｉｎｃｅｉｔｔａｋｅｓｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅｔｏｆｉｌｌｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｃｙｌｉｎｄｅｒａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｃｙｌｉｎｄｅｒｓｈｅｌｌｉｓｓｕｎｋｅｎｔｏｔｈｅｓｅａｂｅｄ ,ｔｈｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｃｙｌｉｎｄｅｒｂｅｃｏｍｅｓｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｅｓａｆ… 相似文献
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This paper presents results of experimental deployment of a large instrumented cylinder of variable nose geometry and center of mass offset (CMO) in free-fall in realistic environment. Data on four tests series in the Gulf of Mexico are presented and analyzed statistically. The stochastic nature of the problem of the cylinder free-falling through water is outlined and described as an input to the subsequent impact burial prediction package. Significance of the CMO on the behavior of the cylinder is underlined. Influence of the release conditions on trajectory is discussed and found to affect the behavior of the cylinders only in the first 3.5 m of free-fall in water. Beyond this depth, quasi-stable (in the mean sense) conditions are achieved. Effects of three different nose shapes-blunt, hemispherical, and chamfered-on cylinder behavior are analyzed and found to have a pronounced influence on the fall trajectory. The blunt nose shape appears to be hydrodynamically most stable in free-fall. Apparent periodicity in motions of all cylinders were noted and were found to be the function of the CMO and nose shape primarily. Implications of these and other findings on modeling and impact burial predictions are discussed. 相似文献
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Laminar flow past a circular cylinder with 3 small control rods is investigated by numerical simulation. This study is concerned with the suppression efficacy of vortex induced vibration by small control rods located around a main cylinder. The effects of the attack angle and rod-to-cylinder gap ratio on the hydrodynamics and vibration responses of the main cylinder are investigated. The attack angle of α = 45° is performed as the critical angle for VIV suppression of 3 control rods. The 3 control rods have no effect on VIV suppression when the attack angle is less than the critical angle. The 3 control rods have an excellent VIV suppression efficacy when the attack angle is larger than the critical angle. The transverse vibration frequency of the cylinder with 3 control rods is less than that for an isolated cylinder for all the configurations. The numerical results for the configurations of α = 45° & 60°, G/D = 0.6–1.2 show excellent suppression efficient among the cases investigated in this study. The best suppression efficient is found at α = 45°, G/D = 0.9 for 3 control rods. 2 rods in behind of the main cylinder perform more efficient than that of 1 rod in front for VIV suppression as the gap ratio of G/D less than 1.0. 相似文献
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Numerical benchmark studies on drag and lift coefficients of a marine riser at high Reynolds numbers
Numerical benchmark studies on drag and lift coefficients of a marine riser have been organized by the 27th ITTC Ocean Engineering Committee. The purpose of the studies was to benchmark the capabilities of CFD methods through quantitative comparisons and validation studies against the model test results of a circular cylinder by MARIN. Studies were focused on the drag crisis phenomenon for the stationary smooth cylinder in the critical Reynolds number regime. Eight organizations have participated in the studies by using RANS, DES and LES methods. An overview of the model test results, test cases, submissions and comparison results are presented in this paper. Conclusions and recommendations are made for future studies. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe behavior of loose anisotropically consolidated calcareous sand obtained from an island in the South China Sea was investigated under undrained monotonic and cyclic loading in a hollow cylinder torsional apparatus. The tests were conducted on specimens which consolidated under various initial effective confining pressures and consolidation stress ratios. The monotonic test results show that the failure and phase transformation line are essentially independent of the consolidation conditions, while the initial contractive tendency of the specimens decreases with an increasing consolidation stress ratio. During monotonic loading of the anisotropically consolidated specimens, a same major principal stress direction is observed at the constant stress ratio lines up to the phase transformation line, irrespective of initial effective confining pressure. The cyclic strength of the sand increases with an increasing consolidation stress ratio. Moreover, a pronounced stress dependence is observed in the sand with higher consolidation stress ratio. During cyclic loading, the generated excess pore water pressure presents considerable fluctuations. The normalized terminal excess pore water pressure is described as a function of consolidation stress ratio. The tests show that the particle shape, rather than particle crushing, plays an important role in the monotonic and cyclic behaviors of the calcareous sand. 相似文献