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1.
内蒙古黄旗海湖泊沉积物δ13Corg记录的环境演变信息 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
处于高纬度和高海拔地区的内蒙古黄旗海湖泊沉积物δ^13Corg变化反映了气候环境的变化.特殊的自然环境条件造成黄旗海湖泊沉积物δ^13Corg负段对应暖湿环境,偏正段对应冷干环境.自8.2 kaBP开始,δ^13Corg显著降低,表明本区气候转暖;8.2～4.0 kaBP是全新世大暖期,这一时期黄旗海为高湖面,在7.8 kaBP左右本区气候最为暖湿.4.0～2.2 kaBP,δ^13Corg明显偏正,指示气候变为冷干,全新世大暖期结束.在研究时段内δ^13Corg相对于-23.5‰均值的正负偏移主要反映了湖泊有机质生产率和保存条件的变化.这种变化与当时的气候,尤其是湖泊水位的波动有直接关系. 相似文献
2.
兴凯湖沉积物磁化率和色度反映的28kaBP以来区域古气候环境演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对兴凯湖长269 cm的沉积岩心的研究结果显示:沉积物的色度和磁化率特征可以较好地反映区域气候环境变化。沉积物明度分别与红度、磁化率、黏土和有机质含量之间及磁化率与黏土之间有很好的相关性;红度高值与明度低值对应暖湿气候环境,磁化率低值反映沉积物较粗的较低湖面,对应冷干气候。28480~26160 cal.aBP,湖区处于温湿气候时期;22880~18170 cal.aBP,岩心孢粉浓度很低,流域处于末次盛冰期疏桦林草原环境;18170~12650 cal.aBP处于Bφlling/Older Dryas/Allerφd暖期。岩心深度90~78 cm段,对应于新仙女木期;11500~4570 cal.aBP,进入全新世暖期,其中8000~5000 cal.aBP,本区处于全新世大暖期(气候适宜期);4570~1470 cal.aBP气候变为凉干;1470 cal.aBP以来,流域又变为暖湿气候环境,同时,人类活动逐渐增强造成水土流失加剧。 相似文献
3.
黄土高原定西鲁家沟黄土剖面15 ka以来的环境演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据鲁家沟黄土剖面粒度、磁化率、有机质和碳酸盐含量等气候代用指标的变化和14C测年结果,分析和讨论了定西地区近15 cal.kaBP以来气候演化的过程。结果表明15 cal.kaBP以来的气候变化可划分为4个阶段:(1)末次冰期晚期(14900~11200 cal.aBP),气候较为寒冷干旱;(2)全新世早期(11200~7560 cal.aBP),气候开始转暖转湿,但整体上较为寒冷;(3)全新世中期(7560~3600 cal.aBP),气候温暖湿润,夏季风强盛;(4)全新世晚期(3600~1200 cal.aBP),气候变得干旱,夏季风强烈减退,风尘堆积旺盛,形成了现代黄土和表土层。该区末次冰期晚期以来的环境变化是不稳定的,气候存在频繁次级波动。1500~1200 cal.aBP的晚全新世期间,有机质含量出现峰值,表明气候总体向干旱化发展的同时,叠加了人类活动的影响。 相似文献
4.
尕海地区晚冰期以来沉积记录的气候环境演变 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对尕海沉积物烧失量和碳酸盐含量以及岩性变化分析,重建了尕海地区晚冰期以来的气候环境演变。结果显示:烧失量及碳酸盐含量指标可以较好地反映晚冰期以来的气候变化,晚冰期的阿勒罗德暖期和新仙女木事件有较好的反映。全新世则可划分为早全新世的不稳定期,年代为11150-8240 cal.aBP,中全新世较为暖湿期,年代为8240-3200 cal.aBP,晚全新世干冷期,年代为3200 cal.aBP至今。并发现1550-1440 cal.aBP存在一暖湿事件。 相似文献
5.
全新世东海内陆架泥质区有孔虫特征及其古环境意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
东海内陆架泥质区是东海全新世高海平面以来的沉积中心,保存了冰后期海平面上升以来完整的全新世沉积记录,是研究东海古海洋环境变化的良好载体,也是研究全新世古气候、古环境变迁的绝佳材料。选取了位于东海内陆架泥质区中部的MZ02孔长岩心作为研究对象,通过对沉积物中有孔虫进行属种鉴定分析,并结合岩心沉积物的岩性特征和AMS14 C测年数据,主要依据底栖有孔虫组合,恢复了研究区全新世以来的沉积环境演化。研究表明,全新世以来东海内陆架泥质区的沉积环境呈现阶段性演化特征,经历了以下4个阶段的演化:阶段I(10.8～10.5cal.kaBP)为滨岸沉积环境;阶段II(10.5～8.3cal.kaBP)随海面快速上升沉积环境由内陆架滨岸向中—内陆架过渡;阶段III(8.3～5.2cal.kaBP)为台湾暖流十分靠近的中—内陆架沉积环境;阶段IV(5.2～0cal.kaBP)为沿岸流较强的内陆架沉积环境。暖水种丰度在8.4cal.kaBP出现高值,推测为台湾暖流形成之时。约4.0cal.kaBP以来表生种丰度呈现高值和底栖有孔虫18 O变轻,推测与沿岸流增强密切相关。 相似文献
6.
以南海南部86GC沉积物柱状样为研究对象,通过对浮游有孔虫氧、碳同位素组成和AMS14C测年的研究,初步确定该柱状样包含了氧同位素3期晚期以来约31 400 a的沉积。结合浮游有孔虫组合和沉积物地球化学记录,分析认为,研究区域末次盛冰期发生于大约29~19 kaBP,其中又以28~26 kaBP为顶峰时段;在大约21~20 kaBP之间,可能有过一次短暂的海平面快速上升事件。单从δ18O记录来看,全新世南海南部的气候和古海洋环境似乎保持着较为稳定的状态,但期间δ13C及其他一些古气候指标却记录了多次回返性事件,反映出由于冬季风的短暂加强,导致全新世该区域气候环境在总体适宜的背景下仍然具有不稳定性。 相似文献
7.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5)
位于青藏高原念青唐古拉山南缘羊八井盆地的七弄沟分布着广阔的泥炭地,通过提取七弄沟泥炭的腐殖化度和总有机碳信息,并结合14 C测年控制,反演了全新世9.1~3.5cal.kaBP羊八井盆地的环境变化信息。根据泥炭记录的古环境特征,将该地区9.1~3.5cal.kaBP的气候分为3个主要阶段:阶段Ι(9.1~7.4cal.kaBP)温度波动上升阶段,9.1~7.4cal.kaBP七弄沟温度呈波动上升趋势,期间发生了两次比较明显的降温事件,分别发生在9.1和8.0cal.kaBP左右;阶段Ⅱ(7.4~4.7cal.kaBP)温度波动频繁且剧烈阶段,此阶段七弄沟温度波动频繁且剧烈,在6.0和5.8cal.kaBP发生了两次比较显著的降温事件;阶段Ⅲ(4.7~3.5cal.kaBP)温度波动下降阶段,4.7cal.kaBP之后温度呈波动下降的趋势,但是波动的频率和幅度远比第二阶段小,仅在4.0cal.kaBP发生了比较显著的降温事件。 相似文献
8.
东海内陆架泥质沉积区全新世古环境变迁:有孔虫证据 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对东海内陆架MD06-3040柱状样257个沉积物样品进行了有孔虫及其氧碳稳定同位素分析,应用底栖有孔虫组合和不同生态(表生/内生、内陆架/中外陆架)种的丰度,浮游有孔虫Globigerina.bulloides和Globigeri-noides.ruber的丰度及其稳定同位素记录,探讨了研究区全新世10.6cal.kaBP以来的古环境变迁。分析结果揭示了研究区全新世早期海面快速上升,沉积环境由滨岸内陆架(10.6～9.9cal.kaBP)、内陆架外缘(9.9～8.1cal.kaBP)转变至中陆架并达全新世最高海面(7.7～7.2cal.kaBP)。台湾暖流在8.0cal.kaBP起开始发育,并在6.0～2.8和0.7～0cal.kaBP两个时期派生出明显的上升流。台湾暖流及其所派生的上升流是造成东海陆架泥质快速沉积的最主要原因。采用浮游有孔虫G.bulloides的丰度变化,推测浙闽沿岸流在5.1cal.kaBP之前较弱,之后显著增强,其中在5.1～2.8cal.kaBP时期最为强盛。 相似文献
9.
以辽河三角洲ZK2孔为研究对象,对其57件沉积物样品进行常量元素测试和分析。研究表明,该地区总体遭受的化学风化作用较弱,基本处于化学风化的初期阶段,与所处纬度整体化学风化特征类似。将该区全新世以来的气候变化过程分为如下5个阶段:全新世早期(11.0—8.8 cal ka BP):化学风化程度逐渐增强,气候逐步向温湿方向发展;全新世早中期(8.8—6.9cal ka BP):化学风化程度最强,气候暖湿;全新世中期(6.9—4.6cal ka BP):风化强度较强,但有减弱的趋势,气候温湿;全新世中晚期(4.6—1.3 cal ka BP):化学风化程度在该时期属于最弱阶段,气候冷干;全新世晚期(1.3 cal ka BP—至今):气候温干,风化程度有所增强。总体来说,该区常量元素反映的气候变化过程与石笋δ~(18)O曲线基本一致,揭示了常量元素在反演气候变化过程中有一定的作用。 相似文献
10.
巴里坤湖泊沉积地层较好地记录了北疆东部地区全新世以来的气候变化。通过对沉积物粒度组分及碳酸盐含量的测量分析，结合测年结果，得出北疆东部地区全新世以来气候环境变化大致经历了5个阶段：（1）8700cal．aBP以前，为全新世早期，环境变干；（2）8700～8200cal．aBP，为一过渡期，湖泊面积扩大；（3）8200～7700cal．aBP，气候以变湿为主要特点，波动较大；（4）7700～2400cal．aBP，气候较为湿润，期间存在一次明显的突发强干旱事件；（5）2400cal．aBP以来，气候转干，剖面顶部指标指示环境恶化。区域气候变化以干湿为主要特点，5500～6000cal．aBP期间的突发气候事件在大区域上与其他记录对应较好。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献