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从描述f平面上的正压地形拦截波的非线性动力方程出发,利用常微分方程定性理论研究了海底地形坡度和海底摩擦对线性和非线性地形拦截波的动力不稳定性的影响,分析了不稳定的性质,找出了不稳定的判据。还在特定的海底地形坡度和海底摩擦条件下,建立了线性和非线性波的频散关系,并比较了两者的差别。 相似文献
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一、引言在研究沿岸大陆架上的风海流时,必须考虑海底摩擦和海面坡度的影响。对于水平海底的情况,已有一些研究工作。但是,对于倾斜海底的情况,要确定流速分布和海面坡度的解析式,却是一个较困难的问题,在文章[2]中,用小参数法研究了倾斜海底风海流问题解析解的构造,在文章[3]中,对于具有实际意义的一系列特殊海底倾角的海域,构造出相应边值问题的格林函数,并用逐次逼近法给出零阶逼近解。但是,未对流场进行分析,本文是这一研究工作的继续。在本文中,将对上述问题的逼近解,进行分析和讨论。实际计算验证了理论的正确性。计算结果揭示了线性倾斜陆架上定常风海流的一些特殊性质。 相似文献
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关于工程潮位计算的若干问题 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
１ 引言工程潮位是指在近海或沿岸工程设计中需要考虑的潮位数据。这些潮位数据通常可分为二类：一类是正常条件下的潮位;另一类是极值条件下的潮位。所谓正常条件,就是指在正常气候状况下对应不同天文条件的平均潮位;极值条件则是在极端气象条件或特定天文条件下出现的极值高、低潮位。本文就工程潮位的一些常用计算方法作一综述,对在实际应用中可能产生的误差作了评估,并提出了尽可能减少误差的途径和建议。２ 关于平均海面平均海面是一定时期内海面的平均值,例如：日平均海面、月平均海面、年平均海面和多年平均海面等。通常平均… 相似文献
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适合复杂地形的高阶Boussinesq水波方程 总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17
针对海底坡度较大(量阶为O(1))或海底曲率较大的复杂地形,建立了一个新型高阶Boussinesq水波方程.该方程可用于研究海底存在若干相互平行沙坝引起的Bragg反射问题.方程的水平速度沿水深的分布为四次多项式,色散性和变浅作用性能的精度比经典Boussinesq方程高了一阶.方程在浅水水域可以是完全非线性的. 相似文献
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北部湾海区水文结构及其特征的初步分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
前言北部湾为半封闭海区,北、东、西三面靠陆,南面与南海相连,湾东尚有琼州海域与广州湾相通,湾内深度等值线的分布趋势大致与海岸平行,海底地形由北向南倾斜,深度沿岸较浅,向湾口逐渐加深。该研究海区是深度小于90米的大陆架浅海(见图1)。北部湾的这 相似文献
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长江口及其邻近海区的水动力学研究因其与沿岸地区的经济发展关系密切而倍受海洋学者的广泛关注。为了揭示该海区环流的动力过程和温、盐结构的分布特征及其动力成因,首先在对研究海区的地形特征、海面风应力、海面温度、海面盐度以及北、南、东三个液边界温度和盐度现场观测资料进行全面分析的基础上。选定适合于研究海区的三维斜压流体动力学模型(POM)。以研究海区冬、春、夏和秋季的海面风应力、海面温度和盐度资料作为海面边界条件,以北、南和东三个液边界的温度和盐度资料作为侧向液边界条件,并考虑长江径流、台湾暖流和东海沿岸流等外海入流的影响,对研究海区(120.9°E—124°E,29.5°N—33°N)四个季节的斜压环流和温、盐结构实施了动力学数值研究。获得了与观测事实相一致的三维流速和温、盐结构的空间分布。从动力学角度揭示并阐明长江口及其邻近海区水平环流和垂直环流的动力过程以及温、盐结构的分布特征和动力成因,为海区的生态动力学研究提供动力条件。 相似文献
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不同海况下六种湍流通量参数化方案的对比分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用前人给出的表面波浪动力试验中的部分观测资料,通过六种不同的湍流通量参数化方案,分别计算了不同海面波浪状况所对应的摩擦速度。结果表明:海面状况对计算结果有显著影响,六种参数化方案计算的摩擦速度相对涡动相关法(EC)直接测量值的偏差纯风浪海面状况下,较交叉涌浪或反向涌浪海面状况时小得多。并且在纯风浪海面状况下,当近海层大气处于不稳定层结时,Dyer74方案计算的摩擦速度相对EC直接测量值的归一化误差最小,仅为8.47%,能够较好的估计近海层摩擦速度。在稳定层结条件下,当整体Richardson数小于0.1时,除Businger71方案外,其它五种方案的计算误差接近且较小。 相似文献
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根据日照港30万吨级原油码头工程的设计要求,在拟建工程海域实测了2个站的大、中、小潮潮位和9条测线的流速、流向及含沙量。利用二维潮汐水流数学模型进行了潮位、流速和流向验证计算,综合研究了调查海区的泥沙运动和海底冲淤演变规律,并预测了冲淤趋势。在此基础上,重点对30万吨原油码头泊位、港池与航道的淤积进行了预测分析。分析结果表明,在正常水动力条件下,该港区内的平均年回淤速率不大,此港区适合建码头。 相似文献
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An analytical solution for the local suspended sediment concentration profile in tidal sea region 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kyung Tae Jung Jae Youll Jin Hyoun-Woo Kang Ho Jin Lee 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,61(4):657-667
The time-averaged and oscillatory solutions of the one-dimensional vertical (1DV) advection–diffusion equation for the suspended sediment have been derived analytically in a tidal sea region of finite water depth. The basic equation assumes constant eddy diffusivity and settling velocity. No net flux condition is set at the sea surface, while a boundary condition with the erosion rate and depositional velocity is prescribed at the sea bottom. The time-averaged solution has been derived in a straightforward manner, while the advection–diffusion equation governing the oscillatory concentration has been first transformed to a simple diffusion equation and then solved using the Galerkin-eigenfunction method. The former is given in a closed form, while the latter is presented in a series solution.A set of calculations has been performed to examine the change in the vertical structure as well as magnitude of the concentration response function. A possible use of the solution to make an estimate of the erosion rate at the sea bottom based on the concentration information at the sea surface is discussed. 相似文献
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Two new types of mechanism for the generation of tidal residual flow are revealed with the use of a hydraulic model experiment. A remarkable anticlockwise tidal residual circulation is formed in a model bay due to the presence of a tidal current, the Coriolis force and a horizontal boundary. A similar circulation is also formed due to the presence of a bottom slope, a horizontal boundary and a tidal current which flows normal to the inclination of the bottom slope. The residual circulation in the Sea of Iyo in the Seto Inland Sea is considered to be due to a combination of the effects of the Coriolis force, a bottom slope, a horizontal boundary and the tidal current. We classified some of the generation mechanisms of tidal residual flow which have been described to date into seven types on the basis of vorticity considerations. 相似文献
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辽东湾口东部海域是辽东湾与渤海中部进行物质和能量交换的主要通道之一。本文利用坐底式海床基平台获取的近8个月的水动力连续观测资料,通过谱分析和调和分析方法对该海域的潮汐、潮流特征进行分析,并讨论了余流及底层温度的季节变化规律。研究结果表明:该海域潮汐属于不规则半日潮,平均潮差为0.95 m,最大可能潮差为2.27 m。潮流属于不规则半日潮流,M2分潮流为其优势分潮流。主要分潮流运动形式为往复流,最大流速方向为西南-东北向。余流的季节性特征较为明显:秋季,余流流速在中层达到最大,流向以西南向为主;冬季,余流流速垂向变化较小,并呈西南偏西向流动;春季,流速随深度增加而减小,流向从表层至底层呈现逆时针旋转的特征。受底层潮流、水平温度梯度及海面温度日变化的影响,底层温度表现出短期的高频变化特征:秋季,短期振荡以半日周期信号为主;冬季,全日周期信号较为显著;春季,短期振荡的现象较弱。 相似文献
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Effect of hydrodynamic properties of the sea bottom on the tidal dynamics in a rectangular basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Expressions derived for the friction coefficient in an oscillatory rotating turbulent bottom boundary layer (BBL) over rough, incompletely rough (smoothly rough), and smooth underlying surfaces are incorporated as an individual module into a two-dimensional nonlinear tidal model, and the standard version of the model and its modified analogue are used to discuss the titular subject. It is established that the dynamics of tides in the Taylor basin can change noticeably under the effect of hydrodynamic properties of the sea bottom. Such changes occur mainly in the influence domains of amphidromies. In the remaining parts of the basin, relative changes in the amplitudes and phases of tidal sea-surface level elevations do not exceed ±10% and ±10°, respectively. The largest discrepancies of tidal characteristics take place in the cases of the incompletely rough and smooth sea bottoms; the smallest discrepancies, in the case of the rough sea bottom. Estimates for the changes in tidal characteristics that are caused by the usually neglected effects of rotation and phase difference between the bottom friction and the tidal velocity at the upper BBL boundary are presented as well. 相似文献
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Yukio Oonishi 《Journal of Oceanography》1978,34(4):140-159
Characteristics of the tidal residual flow, the steady current induced in the tidal current system, are studied by a numerical method. The model basin has the same topography as that studied byYanagi (1976) and byOonishi (1977) where only the horizontal motion of the residual flow is concerned. In this study, the effect of the vertical motion is investigated as it is associated with the tidal residual flow. To this end, the bottom friction omitted in the previous study (Oonishi, 1977) is included and a two-leveled model is adopted.The first two experiments exclude the earth's rotation and the buoyancy effect on the flow. The results are as follows. The horizontal flow pattern is essentially the same as that obtained in the previous Oonishi study. The bottom friction results in the reduction of the velocity of the residual flow especially in the bottom level. An important result is that vertical velocity is as strong as the horizontal velocity multiplied by the scale ratio and that it remains even in the time-average. Upwelling appears at the center of the residual circulation. This upwelling explains Yanagi's observation in the hydraulic model that the sediment is swept by the flow and accumulates horizontally in the area at the bottom below the center of the residual circulation. The distribution of a tracer, which is simultaneously calculated in these cases, indicates the important role of vertical motion in the material dispersion in the model.The last experiment includes the earth's rotation and the buoyancy effect presuming a more actual sea. It shows another effect of the vertical motion. The Coriolis term, which operates only under the condition that a horizontal divergence of the flow is present, skews the horizontal residual flow pattern. 相似文献
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桑沟湾邻近海域潮余流对该海域物质输运具有重要作用,但由于观测资料不足的限制,该海域潮余流的整体分布状况尚不明确。本文利用22套锚系海流观测资料和高分辨率数值模拟资料,分析了桑沟湾邻近海域潮余流的整体分布特征,并探讨了其产生机理。桑沟湾内潮余流总体上较弱,其邻近海域的潮余流在3个岬角(俚岛,寻山和楮山)附近呈现出显著的潮余流涡对结构,每个岬角的北面存在气旋式潮余流涡,南面存在反气旋式潮余流涡。无论是流速大小还是涡覆盖范围,俚岛和楮山外海潮余流涡对均大于寻山外海的涡对。动力诊断分析表明,岬角附近3对潮余流涡的主要形成机制都是由侧边界摩擦引起的水平剪切作用,底摩擦应力旋度的作用只影响俚岛附近的潮余流涡对,位势涡度守恒的作用都不显著。 相似文献
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Sok Kuh Kang Kyung Tae Jung Ki-Dai Yum Kwang-Soo Lee Jin-Soon Park Eun Jin Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(4):453-463
Uldolmok waterway, located between an island off the southwestern tip of Korean peninsula and mainland, is famous for its strong tidal current that has a maximum current of about 6.0m/s. A series of field observations along with numerical modeling have been carried out in order to understand the tidal dynamics in terms of the force balance along the whole waterway and the energy balance in the narrowest part of the waterway. First, analysis of the ADCP current and the tide level variation data reveals that the tidal dynamics along the total waterway (channel) is balanced dominantly between the pressure gradient and linear bottom frictional forces, with the phase lag of sea level difference for the semi-diurnal constituents leading the current phase about by 10°. Secondly, the result of the numerical modeling reveals that the tidal energy flux vector flows toward the narrowest section, indicating that there should be related nonlinear processes. Through the numerical model experiment with multi-components, the convergence of (M2 + S2) tidal energy flux of 6.68 × 107 Joule/s in the narrow area of the Uldolmok waterway is explained mainly by the energy consumption of 73% through the nonlinear generation of shallow water components and by the bottom frictional energy dissipation of 27%. This reveals that the remarkably strong nonlinear process dominates in the narrowest section of the Uldolmok waterway, compared with other areas, such as Yellow and East China Seas where the total M2 energy flux through the open boundary is balanced in terms of the bottom dissipation (Kang et al. 2003; Choi 1980). 相似文献
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Modeling bed-load transport of coarse sediments in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A. Bilgili M. R. Swift D. R. Lynch J. T. C. Ip 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,58(4):937-950
Current, sea level and bed-load transport are investigated in the Lower Piscataqua River section of the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, USA—a well-mixed and geometrically complex system with low freshwater input, having main channel tidal currents ranging between 0.5 and 2 m s−1. Current and sea level forced by the M2M4M6 tides at the estuarine mouth are simulated by a vertically averaged, non-linear, time-stepping finite element model. The hydrodynamic model uses a fixed boundary computational domain and accounts for flooding–drying of tidal flats by making use of a groundwater component. Inertia terms are neglected in comparison with pressure gradient and bottom friction terms, which is consistent with the observed principal dynamic balance for this section of the system. The accuracy of hydrodynamic predictions in the study area is demonstrated by comparison with four tidal elevation stations and two cross-section averaged current measurements. Simulated current is then used to model bed-load transport in the vicinity of a rapidly growing shoal located in the main channel of the lower system. Consisting of coarse sand and gravel, the shoal must be dredged every five to eight years. Two approaches are taken—an Eulerian parametric method in which nodal bed-load flux vectors are averaged over the tidal cycle and a Lagrangian particle tracking approach in which a finite number of sediment particles are released and tracked. Both methods yield pathways and accumulations in agreement with the observed shoal formation and the long-term rate of sediment accumulation in the shoal area. 相似文献
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胶州湾前湾填海对其水动力影响预测分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文采用ECOM-SED模式、算子分裂法和“干、湿”点法建立了胶州湾变边界数值模型。从潮、余流、潮波系统和潮流能几方面预测分析了胶州湾前湾追地对海洋水动力的影响。结果表明，前湾填海对胶州湾的潮波系统影响甚微，振幅和位相的变化都在1％以内。但是在前湾和工程附近海域潮流和余流变化比较大，其他海域的潮流和余流变化不大，潮流流速变化为1％左右，余流流速变化为3．14％～9．16％。填海后，内湾口和外湾口附近潮能通量增加2．6％～5．24％，前湾和工程局部区域潮能通量减小20．21％～87．23％。 相似文献