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1.
东中国海及其他陆架沉积作用国际学术讨论会联合秘书处 《海洋与湖沼》1982,13(6):579-580
由中国国家海洋局和美国国家海洋大气局共同发起的“东中国海及其它陆架沉积作用国际学术讨论会”定于1983年4月12日至16日在中国杭州举行。会议将涉及陆架沉积作用的地质、物理、生物及化学诸方面。主要内容有:河口环流和沉积作用;陆架水系环流及其沉积作用过程;陆架沉积中的生物改造作用;水体和底质中化学组分的迁移和再循 相似文献
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东海陆架泥质沉积作用 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
许东禹 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1985,(2)
东海陆架有两大现代泥质沉积区:一是沿着闽浙沿岸分布的沿岸泥质区(以下简称沿岸泥质区);二是东海陆架东北部的济州岛西南外陆架泥质区(以下简称外陆架泥质区).这两个泥质区的现代沉积物直接覆盖在沿岸砂质沉积和陆架残留沉积物之上.陆架其余地区大部分被所谓残留砂所覆盖.关于东海陆架泥质沉积,已有许多人进行过研究,但是多数只限于物质来源和分布特征,而很少探讨过物质沉积过程.然而,查明泥质沉积机制及其控制因素,对沉积学的研究有一定的理论意义,而且还可能有实用意义.因此,作者利用中美海洋沉积作用联合研究的海上调查资料,结合以往各家的研究成果,通过对比分析悬浮体、浮泥及表层沉积物三者的成分和分布特征同水文条件的关系,试图阐明东海陆架泥的沉积作用及其环境意义. 相似文献
4.
海洋对CO2的吸收缓解了大气CO2浓度的持续上升,陆架海因其较高的初级生产而具有较强的固碳能力,在海洋碳循环中占据重要角色。然而由于陆架海过程时空变化剧烈,陆架海对人为CO2源/汇作用的动态格局还存在争议,陆架海碳循环的调控机制尚不清晰。IPCC AR4所采用的气候-碳循环耦合模型均未考虑陆架海碳循环,使其成为气候预测不确定性的主要来源之一。建立适宜的陆架海碳循环模型,可以探究陆架海不同区域CO2源/汇格局的长期变化,估算碳循环各关键过程的贡献,认识碳循环系统与生态系统的相互作用,评估陆架海碳循环在气候变化中的作用。基于陆架海碳循环模型研究现状,从物理过程、生物泵、碳化学系统等三个主要方面总结了陆架海碳循环模式在建模中应考虑的关键过程,提出了构建东中国陆架海碳循环模式的基本思路及拟解决的关键科学问题。 相似文献
5.
用DDT测年法研究东海大陆架现代沉积作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
长江口外的东海大陆架,是世界上最宽广的大陆架之一。对其沉积物现代沉积速率的测定,是研究该河口-陆架区沉积动力学的基本问题之一。迄今已发表了用~(210)pb放射性同位素测年法、BHC测年法等方法研究本陆架区现代沉积速率和沉积作用的论文报告。本文据1980—1981年间,中美两国海洋科学家联合对长江口-东海陆架区沉积动力学进行调查所取得的资料,报道了该区岩芯柱样DDT含量的空间分布,并试用DDT测年法估算了此陆架区的现代沉积速率。本文还着重对该海域的现代沉积作用强度,以及水中悬浮物质移除DDT污染物的能力进行了定量的探讨。 相似文献
6.
大河影响下的河口陆架区陆海相互作用活跃,是有机碳的主要沉积区,在全球碳的生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用。中国东部陆架海包括渤海、黄海和东海陆架,黄河和长江两条大河直接流入该区。从有机碳来源、输运和埋藏保存等方面总结介绍了近年来中国东部陆架海沉积有机碳源汇过程的研究进展。研究表明,土壤有机碳和海洋初级生产力是本区沉积有机碳的主要来源;有机分子标志物和多元统计分析模型的综合应用能更准确地评估近海沉积有机碳的源汇特征;陆架泥质区是长江和黄河陆源沉积有机碳的重要储库;河流输入、沉积再悬浮和远距离物质输运等沉积动力过程显著影响着本区不同来源、不同类型陆源沉积有机碳的输运和归宿;大河物质输入、海洋初级生产力以及陆架沉积作用共同支撑着该区较高的有机碳埋藏能力。本区的研究今后需要从海陆结合的地球系统科学的角度,从整体上研究沉积作用过程与有机碳迁移转化的影响机制和响应关系;结合我国东部陆架海特有的沉积物源汇体系特征,揭示从流域到近海物质输运体系中不同来源有机碳的年龄分布和归宿,并在气候变化和人类活动影响日益显著的背景下,探究不同时空尺度沉积有机碳的输运和埋藏保存及其对大气CO2和全球变化的影响和意义。 相似文献
7.
南海北部沉积物的地球化学特征及元素赋存状态的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统研究南海海底表层沉积物的元素地球化学分布特征,将有助于了解南海的沉积作用,特别是元素从近岸到海洋的运移与沉积规律,以及第四纪以来沉积作用的发展演化。 60年代以来,Niino,H., Emery, K.O.等人曾先后研究过南海北部陆架沉积物的分布规律。台湾省的J.T.Chou和Ju-chin Chen研究了台湾海峡和陆架部分地区沉积物的矿物和地球化学特征。自1964年以来,中国科学院南海海洋研究所对南海北部大陆架、中西沙及海盆南部海区进行了调查研究。上述这些工作为研究 相似文献
8.
东海及其他陆架沉积作用国际学术讨论会于一九八三年四月十二日至十六日在杭州浙江宾馆举行。这次国际会议是根据中美两国政府间于一九七九年签订的中美海洋和渔业科学技术合作议定书,在长江口外及邻近东海大陆架沉积作用联合研究取得丰硕成果的基础上,由中国国家海洋局和美国国家海洋大气局共同举办的。 相似文献
9.
在陆架边缘附近 ,大规模旋转地块通过以下两种作用形成 :①陆坡的逐渐蠕动形成了相似的生长断层体系 ;②陆架边缘突然崩塌 ,形成了上覆旋转地块的大规模侵蚀挤离面。第一种作用具有与构造蠕动和地块旋转同步的沉积作用 ,产生向海盆逐渐变薄的楔形体的扇形展布地层倾角 ,变形基底之上的密度不稳定性使楔形体向海盆部分产生蚀截顶。由于动力沉积—构造体系是由不断的沉积物供应支持的 ,所以沉积环境通常为浅水。由于地块旋转出现于沉积作用之后 ,第二种作用产生的地块通常没有倾角的扇形展布现象。陆架边缘的崩塌产生了从浅水至深水环境的突然… 相似文献
10.
中国沿海第四系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
周慕林 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1983,(2)
广阔的中国海包括了渤海、黄海、东海及南海的沿海平原及陆架.从总体看,中国大陆第四纪发展史基本控制了沿海陆架发育史.中国沿海人口密集、工业发达,陆架资源丰富,研究沿海平原第四纪的层序,对石油勘探开发具有实际意义.一、渤海、黄海西岸及陆架第四系概况 相似文献
11.
《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》1999,46(10):2249-2288
During the ECOFER experiment (French ECOMARGE program), surficial sediments were sampled on the Aquitanian margin with box corers and analyzed to determine the quantity and quality of organic matter. Sediments from the margin are enriched in organic carbon (mean value 1.35%) in comparison to deep-sea and shelf sediments, due to a fine grain-size sedimentation. As sedimentation rates are high, the margin appears to be an organic depocenter. Some preferential organic enrichment zones were identified in the Cap-Ferret Canyon. There is a supply of continental material from the Gironde estuary, but marine contribution seems more possible than Adour or spanish rivers. No seasonal variations of organic matter were observed at the surface of sediments, suggesting mineralization processes of labile organic matter: average organic carbon consumption was evaluated to 9.0 g C m−2 yr−1. Rapid biological mineralization processes are lower than on the Mediterranean margin, mainly related to significant differences in water temperature. The great width of the canyon, its distance from the continent, and the current circulation pattern prevent any precise recording of the variable organic inputs to the sediment and favor nepheloı̈d transport, resuspension and shelf break processes, which wipe out any print of fresh material input. An organic carbon budget indicates that an equilibrium between organic inputs and organic mineralization+accumulation is not obtainable. The supply of suspended matter could have been minor during the year in question, and sedimentation rates are still imprecise. 相似文献
12.
Characterizing the depositional settings for sedimentary organic matter distributions in the Lower Yangtze River-East China Sea Shelf System 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Chun Zhu Zhang-Hua Wang Bin Xue Pei-Song Yu Jian-Ming Pan Thomas Wagner Richard D. Pancost 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
Grain-size distributions, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, and TOC/TN ratios (C/N) were analysed for surface sediments from the Lower Yangtze River-East China Sea (ECS) shelf system. Hierarchical cluster analysis of grain-size parameters (mode, mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis) has been employed to characterize grain-size compositions. The results suggest there are five grain-size compositional types (type-I–V) that fingerprint distinct depositional conditions. In areas with high sedimentation rates, hydrological sorting preferentially enriches the fraction coarser than 6.4ø (12 μm) in shallow seafloor sediments (water depth<30 m) by transporting the finer fraction to the deeper seafloor (water depth>30 m), and thus forms grain-size compositional type-I (shallow) and type-II (deep). In the open shelf, where modern sediment supply is very limited, grain-size types-III–V are identified according to different winnowing intensity. Overall TOC contents significantly correlate with mud proportions, suggesting muddy sediments are the primary control on OM accumulation. However, de-association of terrestrial OM from fine sediments in the Estuary and the occurrence of presumably relict OM in the open shelf exert additional controls on OM dispersal and carbon cycling in the ECS. By considering geography, oceanography, sediment source, and the relation between sedimentation conditions and sedimentary OM distributions, we define six depositional settings: the lower river, the estuary, the coast, the offshore upwelling area, the erosional area, and the open shelf. These settings describe the sediment dispersal and associated organic matter cycling in the Lower Yangtze River-ECS shelf system. 相似文献
13.
Cornelia Saukel Rüdiger Stein Christoph Vogt Vladimir P. Shevchenko 《Geo-Marine Letters》2010,30(6):605-616
In this study, the grain-size and clay-mineral compositions of 73 surface sediment samples collected in a variety of environmental
settings in the White Sea are presented to characterize recent sedimentation processes, reconstruct transport pathways, and
identify potential source areas of the terrigenous components. Areas >100 m deep are invariably characterized by silty clay,
whereas areas <100 m deep exhibit more heterogeneous grain-size compositions plausibly explained by coastal erosion and (re-)distribution
mechanisms, particularly tidal currents. The dominance of sand in the estuarine areas of the Onega and Dvina rivers as well
as toward the Gorlo Strait connecting the White Sea with the Barents Sea is attributed to increased current speeds. Illite
and smectite are the dominant clay minerals in recent sediments of the southwestern and eastern White Sea sectors, respectively.
Their distribution patterns largely depend on the geology of the source areas, and mirror surface circulation patterns, especially
in Dvina Bay. Smectite is a key clay mineral in White Sea surface sediments, as it reveals the dominating influence of the
Northern Dvina’s runoff on sedimentation and water circulation throughout the basin. In comparison to other Eurasian shelf
seas, the White Sea is characterized by a greater diversity of clay-mineral assemblages, which range from illite- to smectite-dominated
sectors containing variable amounts of chlorite and kaolinite. 相似文献
14.
J. M. A. Dias J. M. Jouanneau R. Gonzalez M. F. Araújo T. Drago C. Garcia A. Oliveira A. Rodrigues J. Vitorino O. Weber 《Progress in Oceanography》2002,52(2-4)
The Galicia-Minho Shelf features two large mud patches, the Douro and the Galicia Mud patches. These are recent sediment bodies that have accumulated under a combination of conditions including: (1) abundant supplies of sediment; (2) morphological barriers that act as sediment traps; and (3) hydrographic conditions that favour the accumulation of fine sediment in these sinks. This paper describes the mechanisms controlling the deposition of the fine-grained sediment depositions and the processes that result in resuspension processes on the Galicia-Minho Shelf.Fine-grained sediments are provided from discharges from the river basins on the southern sector of the shelf, mainly the Douro and Minho rivers. Sediments are exported from river estuaries onto the shelf during episodic flood events. In contrast, most of the sediments originating from the Galician hinterland fail to contribute significantly to sedimentation on the shelf, because they are retained in the Galician Rías, which function as sediment traps.Sediments deposited on the shelf are frequently remobilized, particularly during southwesterly storms that coincide with downwelling conditions. Once in suspension the fine-grained sediments are transported northwards by the poleward flowing bottom currents and are eventually deposited on the Douro and Galicia Mud patches after a series of resuspension events. The locations of the two mud patches are strongly influenced by the shelf morphology.Fines already deposited on the mud patches are occasionally reintroduced into the system by large storm events. Some material from the Douro Mud patch and adjacent areas is re-deposited in the Galicia Mud patch. It is probable that sediments re-suspended from the Galicia Mud patch are carried off the shelf when storm events coincide with downwelling conditions. 相似文献
15.
The transport pathways of fine sediments (fraction <2 μm) along the Brazilian continental shelf from Ceará to the Amazon River
mouth were studied by means of clay mineral analyses. On the continental shelf southeast of the Amazon mouth, fluctuations
in clay mineral compositions reflect simple mixing between the suspended load of the North Brazil Current and sediment from
several smaller rivers. Previously, clay mineral variations west of the Amazon mouth have been explained by variable settling
velocities of different grain-size classes within the <2 μm fraction or by selective coagulation of individual clay mineral
groups. By contrast, our experiments with river bank samples show that selective coagulation does not occur in Amazon River
sediments. A more appropriate explanation for observed variations in clay mineral composition off the Amazon mouth seems to
be, similarly to that for the shelf between Ceará and the Amazon mouth, a mixing of Amazon sediments with suspended material
of the North Brazil Current. This interpretation is supported by data on clay mineral composition east and south of the Amazon
mouth, showing more affinity to sediments of the North Brazil Current than to the suspended load of the Amazon River. Additionally,
relatively low sedimentation rates and low concentrations of fine-grained sediments on the shelf suggest that high riverine
input by the Amazon River does not overprint the sediments of the North Brazil Current in this region. The strong North Brazil
Current shunts the Amazon suspended load in a north-westerly direction along the north-eastern coast of South America. Hence,
stronger sedimentation of Amazon sediments would occur only west of the river mouth. 相似文献
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Seismic analyses of Cenozoic contourite drift development in the Northern Norwegian Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Laberg Jan Sverre Dahlgren Torbjørn Vorren Tore O. Haflidason Haflidi Bryn Petter 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2001,22(5-6):401-416
Four drift accumulations have been identified on the continental margin of northern Norway; the Lofoten Drift, the Vesterålen Drift, the Nyk Drift and the Sklinnadjupet Drift. Based on seismic character these drifts were found to belong to two main groups; (1) mounded, elongated, upslope accretion drifts (Lofoten Drift, Vesterålen Drift and Nyk Drift), and (2) infilling drifts (Sklinnadjupet Drift). The drifts are located on the continental slope. Mainly surface and intermediate water circulation, contrary to many North Atlantic and Antarctic drifts that are related to bottom water circulation, and sediment availability have controlled their growth. Sediments were derived both from winnowing of the shelf and upper slope and from ice sheets when present on the shelf. The main source area was the Vøring margin. This explains the high maximum average sedimentation rate of the nearby Nyk (1.2 m/ka) and Sklinnadjupet (0.5 m/ka) Drifts compared with the distal Lofoten (0.036 m/ka) and Vesterålen (0.060 m/ka) Drifts. The high sedimentation rate of the Nyk Drift, deposited during the period between the late Saalian and the late Weichselian is of the same order of magnitude as previously reported for glacigenic slope sediments deposited during glacial maximum periods only. The Sklinnadjupet Drift is infilling a paleo-slide scar. The development of the infilling drift was possible due to the available accommodation space, a slide scar acting as a sediment trap. Based on the formation of diapirs originating from the Sklinnadjupet Drift sediments we infer these sediments to have a muddy composition with relatively high water content and low density, more easily liquefied and mobilised compared with the glacigenic diamictons. 相似文献
18.
Charles W. Holmes 《Geo-Marine Letters》1984,4(3-4):203-206
Distribution of210Pb in sediments on the South Texas Continental Shelf is related to dynamics of the sedimentary transport processes. This radioisotope, whose concentration is time-dependent, defines three depocenters on the shelf. In addition, the variation of210Pb activity at the sediment/water interface delineates areas of terrigenous sedimentation from hemipelagic sedimentation. 相似文献
19.
The east and northeast Brazil shelves of the Southwest Atlantic harbor some unique conditions for tropical passive margins
with western boundary currents. The narrow and open shelf is almost entirely covered by carbonate sediments due to little
freshwater input and the coast is impacted by the South Equatorial Current (SEC). The wide Abrolhos bank of the east Brazil
shelf, presents more diverse conditions, as it forms a physical barrier to the Brazil Current, and upwelling and land input
become more significant. The main characteristics of the coast and shelf and findings on biogeochemical, sedimentation, and
paleoceanographical processes, addressed by the Joint Oceanographic Projects (JOPS) campaigns, are summarized. 相似文献
20.
东海西北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物组合及其沉积环境指示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了东海陆架360个表层沉积物的碎屑矿物和粒度组成,利用R型聚类方法提取稳定重矿物和重矿物分异指数作为矿物分布规律的指示因子;根据快速聚类结果将重矿物组成分为3个区:东海陆架海侵体系域晚期残留砂体区、高位体系域晚期长江水下前三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质沉积区、高位体系域扬子浅滩沉积区。结合粒度参数和特征矿物分布、沉积物14C年龄对各区沉积环境进行讨论,确定陆架残留沉积和改造沉积的成因、长江水下三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质区的范围,以及对应不同海侵层序的矿物分异特征和物质"源-汇"关系。聚类分析虽能够指示同一物源碎屑矿物分布与沉积动力关系,但物源不同,聚类结果可能误导沉积环境分析。扬子浅滩表层砂体是在距今6~4和3~2 ka 的两个潮流沉积发育期形成的多期改造沙波沉积。 相似文献