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东北季风初期台湾北部沿岸海域浮游动物的特点 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文报道台湾北部沿岸海域东北季风初期浮游动物的特点。台湾西北沿岸海的浮游动物生物量和密度高于台湾岸海域,但是浮游动物种类在东北沿岸海域却较丰富。台湾西北沿岸海域浮游动物属于暖水近岸种类,来自在台湾海峡从南到北暖流。台湾东北沿岸海域浮游动物群落包含来自东海陆架水的种类例如中华哲水蚤、太平洋磷虾, 含有黑潮水的热带暖水近岸种。 相似文献
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胜利油田近海及沿岸地区东北大风及风暴潮分析预报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对产生影响胜利油田近海及沿岸地区东北大风及风暴潮灾害的两大类天气系统进行了具体分析，分别给出了冷锋配合江淮气旋产生东北大风及风暴潮的三种环流形势和两类影响胜利油田热带气旋移动路径及其预报着眼点。 相似文献
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我所于1981年12月—1982年7月对南海东北部海区(112°30′—119°E,18°—23°N)进行了海洋综合调查(站位见图1),所获棘皮动物标本共计6615个,经初步鉴定为67种,分隶于5纲,12目,27科,48属,其中未定种及我国过去尚未报道过的新纪录有28种(这些种类有待于继续研究和今后专题论述)。本文仅阐述南海东北部海区棘皮动物的分布概况。 相似文献
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地震属性法在南黄海北部盆地勘探新区烃源岩厚度预测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新区、深层和深水等低勘探程度地区是今后油气勘探的重要方向,而烃源岩厚度预测则是沉积盆地勘探新区烃源岩评价的重要问题。以南黄海北部盆地勘探新区东北凹陷的烃源岩早期评价为背景,基于地震反射特征追踪东北凹陷内烃源岩的发育层位和空间展布研究成果,首次应用地震属性方法对东北凹陷的主力烃源岩(上白垩统泰州组和古新统阜宁组)厚度进行了初步预测,并结合地震速度岩性分析法对本区泰州组烃源岩厚度的预测结果加以验证。结果表明南黄海盆地东北凹陷泰州组烃源岩较阜宁组烃源岩分布广且厚度大,西次洼为东北凹陷主力生烃洼陷。地震属性法是沉积盆地勘探新区内定量化预测烃源岩厚度的一种行之有效的新方法,其对于类似盆地勘探早期的烃源岩评价研究也具有非常重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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黑潮冬季海温对我国东北地区夏季降水预测信号的增强 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
统计分析结果表明,黑潮冬季海温和东北夏季降水的关系有非常明显的年代际变化,表现为从20世纪50-60年代弱的正相关逐步转变为现阶段很强的负相关。尤其是在东北夏季降水异常年份,黑潮海温呈明显的反位相变化,因此可被视为一个非常有效的前兆预测信号。分析了可能的影响机制,即当前期黑潮海温偏低时,海洋热力异常的持续性会导致其夏季低层出现反气旋式风场距平环流,在西太平洋副热带高压(副高)西北侧出现东北风距平及在东北冷涡东南侧出现西南风距平,导致在副高区和东北冷涡区均形成气旋式距平环流系统,从而减弱了副高并增强了东北冷涡。反之,黑潮海温偏高时,其上空气旋式距平环流系统将减弱东北冷涡强度和增强副高强度。这是黑潮海温影响东北夏季降水异常的主要原因。 相似文献
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在汕头达壕半岛广沃村东北部出露的两片生物屑石英砂岩，以往被定为高位海滩岩，被认为是基底周期性抬升的证据，实际上是一种误判。 相似文献
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东北大西洋海洋捕捞渔获物营养级变化研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
东北大西洋是重要的海洋捕捞海域,该海域渔业栖息环境易受北极气候变化的影响。为此,本文基于1950-2012年东北大西洋FAO的渔获统计数据,对已开发的293种渔获物平均营养级(mTL)、营养级平衡指标(FIB)和渔获营养级分类(TrC)进行时间序列的统计,为进一步研究该海域渔业资源受北极气候变化的影响提供基础。研究认为,平均营养级(mTL)从1950年(mTL=3.71)下降至2012年(mTL=3.57),每年下降约0.02TL(r=-0.614;P<0.01),而近8年来营养级平衡指数持续下降。同时,研究表明,东北大西洋渔获物平均营养级和气候变化(海表温上升、北大西洋涛动和海冰缩减等)息息相关,其中渔获量出现高产值均在海表温异常年份:1956年、1976年和1997年。本文分析了东北大西洋渔获物营养级变动情况,为研究东北大西洋渔获组成变化与气候变化的关系提供研究基础,也为渔业资源的可持续开发提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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南海是世界著名的季风盛行海域,冬季盛行东北季风,夏季盛行西南季风。东北季风盛行期间,海表层为西南向漂流;西南季风盛行期间,海表层为东北向漂流。由于季风的作用及热盐的影响,因而南海的流场与质量场互相调整适应。夏季南海东北部海水堆积,海面由东北向西南倾斜;冬季则相反。考虑到流场、质量场以及地形作用相互调整和β效应的影响,在等深线密集的那些海区因底形倾斜引起等效β效应可能会产生地形Rossby波。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献