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中国东南沿海老红砂研究综述 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
老红砂是中国东南沿海独具特色的第四纪沉积物。本文回顾了老红砂的研究历史，综述了所取得的关于老红砂的成因，年代和红化作用等主要研究成果及其存在问题，并提出了今后进一步工作的意义。 相似文献
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闽南粤东沿海“老红砂”沉积成因和时代的探讨 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
闽粤沿海第四纪地质的研究,始于二十世纪二十年代,但初期的研究只限于在地质矿产或土壤调查中偶而涉及.三十年代开始才有专文论及岸线升降、冰川消长和气候变迁等问题,亦出现一些对介壳和哺乳动物化石研究的论著.解放以后,随着国民经济建设的发展,第四纪地质的研究相应地取得了较快的进展.近年来,由于应用了众多测年手段,使第四系时代的划分有了较为可靠的依据,但又因测年手段可信度的差别,而使这方面的研究侧重于全新统,对整个第四系则注意不够.笔者等,近年来在开展闽粤沿海地震、地质和海平面变化的调查中发现,前人所谓的“老红砂”地层,无论在岩性、岩相、沉积环境等方面,皆有自身的特点,对其成因和时代的进一步探讨,不仅有助于第四系的研究,而且有助于了解此类沉积物分布区的环境变迁、古地理演化及其与新构造运动的关系.本文以野外考察为基础,结合岩矿分析、机械分析、地化指标分析和若干可能为同时异相地层的断代数据,并参考有关的孢粉、有孔虫等资料,对“老红砂”作较为全面的研究,试图为这一特殊沉积的地层学和年代学的确立,提供依据. 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1985,(4)
第 一 期西沙群岛岛屿类型划分及其特征的研究………………………………………业治锋等(1我国第四纪海侵研究中的几个基本问题………………………………汪品先 闽秋宝(15从动物群化石看渤海晚第四纪的古环境演变史………………………黄庆福 苍树溪(27南黄海盆地下第三系沉积特征及沉积环境的探讨··二…………………………王丽顺等(39闽南粤东沿海“老红砂”沉积成因和时代的探讨…··,…………………………张虎男等(47用铀系法测定年轻地质体的年龄…………………………………………·,,…叶华东等(59南海的成因及其与邻区构造关系………… 相似文献
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中国黄土高原中几个剖面的岩性、地层分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
张宗祜 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1983,(3)
中国黄土高原第四纪黄土堆积的地层划分,以及与第三纪的界限问题,长期以来存在着不同的意见.在地层划分问题上许多人认为黄土地层剖面中第一层褐土型古土壤以上的黄土层为晚更新世堆积;并且认为黄土堆积最早始于距今100万年以前.多年来,我们在黄土高原进行了大量的野外调查研究,对比了不同地点的黄土地层剖面,对黄土高原的黄土地层问题提出了一些新的认识.本文利用三个典型地层剖面的综合研究资料(图1),对黄土高原的第四纪黄土堆积地层划分及其下限问题加以论述.这三个剖面分布于第四纪地质史上有不同发展特点的地貌区内.平凉附近的剖面位 相似文献
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长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤中的植物硅酸体及其古环… 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤层，即以前所谓的“暗绿色硬粘土层”过去被看作是“哑地层”，本文首次发现该层中含有丰富的植物硅酸体，且各种类型的硅酸体在地层中均有出现，并在剖面上有较大的变化。在定量统计分析的基础上，利用其组合特征，并进一步利用对应分析方法，探讨了本区晚第四纪古地理、古环境变迁历史，认为该层形成于一种弱草甸环境，且在其形成过程中有四次气候冷－暖变化。 相似文献
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长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤中的植物硅酸体及其古环境意义 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
长江三角洲地区晚第四纪古土壤层，即以前所谓的“暗绿色硬粘上层”过去被看作是“哑地层”，本文首次发现该层中含有丰富的植物硅酸体，且各种类型的硅酸体在地层中均有出现，并在剖面上有较大的变化。在定量统计分析的基础上，利用其组合特征，并进一步利用对应分析方法，探讨了本区晚第四纪古地理、古环境变迁历史，认为该层形成子一种弱草甸环境，且在其形成过程中有四次气候冷—暖变化。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献