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1.
西太平洋暖池两柱样沉积物的磁性地层学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据西太平洋暖池ＷＰ９２－５,ＷＰ９２－３柱样沉积的磁性地层学研究结果,发现ＷＰ９２－５柱样沉积物的磁性记录了３个地球磁场漂移（地球磁场极性反转）即ＧｏｔｈｅｎｂｕｒｇＭｏｎｏＬａｋｅ（或Ｒｕｂｊｅｒｇ）和Ｍｕｎｇｏ（或Ｍａｅｌｉｆｅｌｌ）其界限年龄分别为１２．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．２４．０（２３）ｋａＢ．Ｐ．和３１．０（２８－３１）ｋａＢ．Ｐ．ＷＰ９２－３柱样沉积物的磁性也记录了前两个地球磁场漂移。这一 相似文献
2.
末次冰期以来西太平洋暖池变化的浮游有孔虫记录 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨了末次冰期以来西太平洋暖池区浮游有孔虫动物群变化对环境和全球气候变化的响应。对取自西太平洋暖池核心区WP92-5柱样中的浮游有孔虫及其壳体δ^18O的分析结果表明，西太平洋暖池末次冰期的冬季表层水温比全新世低2℃以上；浮游有孔虫Neogloboquadrina pachyderma的含量变化与Globigerinoides sacculifer的δ^18O值呈明显相关，各时段的峰值可能与YD事件和Heinrich事件H1、H2和H3大致对应，分别出现在21—29、38—46、64—72和106—117cm，^14C年龄约为9．7—11．1、12．8—14．7、19—20．9和26．2—27．4ka B．P．；浮游有孔虫N．pachyderma的含量与G．sacculifer的δ^18O在各峰值之间含有数个频次不等的亚级变化，反映了末次冰期以来西太平洋暖池区气候的短尺度快速变化特征。 相似文献
3.
从沉积物中提取示踪指标是研究西太平洋暖池区古环境和古气候演化的有效途径之一，而准确识别沉积物的源区是其中的关键。目前已通过不同的物源示踪指标，如黏土矿物、石英单矿物、常量元素、稀土元素以及碎屑组分的放射性成因SrNd同位素等，对西太平洋暖池北部和西部第四纪以来的沉积物来源进行了研究，结果表明暖池区沉积物主要来源于亚洲大陆和火山岛弧，部分来源于澳大利亚和/或新几内亚。本文系统归纳和总结了上述示踪指标在西太平洋暖池区的物源研究进展和成果，以及研究中存在的问题，并对西太平洋暖池沉积物源研究提出了几点建议。 相似文献
4.
西太平洋暖池变异及其对西太平洋次表层海温场的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
应用热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料,分析研究了西太平洋暖池区(0°～16°N,125°～145°E)上层海洋的变化特征以及与西太平洋次表层海温场之间的关系.研究表明,西太平洋暖池区的垂向温度存在显著的年际变化,尤其在次表层(120～200m)的变化最为明显.西太平洋暖池区的次表层冷暖信号明显早于西太平洋次表层的海温异常.分析发现,西太平洋暖池区的海温异常是导致整个西太平洋次表层海温场变异的关键区,当西太平洋暖池区的次表层冷暖信号加强时,3～4个月后西太平洋海温场出现大范围的冷暖异常. 相似文献
5.
为了解东菲律宾海沉积物记录的地球磁场相对强度变化,并为研究区的地层定年提供新的手段,对东菲律宾海帕里西维拉海盆西侧F090102孔柱样沉积物进行了系统的古地磁和岩石磁学分析。根据功率谱分析,选择非磁滞剩磁作为归一化的参数,得到约2Ma以来的地球磁场相对强度变化曲线。该曲线与SINT-2000曲线可详细对比,呈比较典型的锯齿状特征,布容期内的记录与800ka以来的SINT-800曲线相符。布容/松山极性转换期呈单强度降低的特征,在极性转换期和极性漂移期,相对强度曲线表现为显著低值。 相似文献
6.
南沙群岛永暑礁钻井珊瑚礁和珊瑚碎屑的磁学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过南沙群岛永暑礁南永1、2井珊瑚礁和南永3井潟湖珊瑚碎屑的磁性测试与研究发现,它们的磁化率以负值(χ<0)为主,具抗磁性特性,但有稳定的剩余磁化强度,又具有铁磁性特性,即具有抗磁性与铁磁性共存的磁学性质。珊瑚礁和珊瑚碎屑的磁性主要来源于珊瑚骨骼及死亡后古生物和富铁细菌等壳体中变价的铁离子,这些变价铁离子在不同年代、不同环境下组成新的铁氧体,具有似单畴(PSD)的磁性特征。这个磁性不但在井深103m和254m处记录了布容/松山和松山/高斯地球磁场极性转换界限(年龄分别为0.78MaB.P.和2.58MaB.P.),而且记录了布容正极性期和松山反极性期内的琵琶湖I、II、贾拉米洛、奥都维、留尼汪Ⅰ、II地球磁场漂移,并提供了磁化率的变化可能与气候冷暖变换有关的信息。当χ<0时表示冷期,当χ>0时表示暖期。 相似文献
7.
通过对大洋钻探(ODP)第130航次807站A孔井深12.54～16.38m沉积物中浮游和底栖有孔虫的稳定同位素δ18 O以及浮游有孔虫壳体的Mg/Ca测试,揭示了中更新世气候转型期(800～1 000kaBP)西太平洋暖池表层海水温度和氧同位素的变化。研究发现,中更新世时期ODP 807站的表层海水温度在25.1～30.9℃之间浮动,平均为28.4℃,接近现代暖池区实测温度值,冰期/间冰期之间的温度差值在1.5～5℃左右,与晚第四纪时的温差相近;同时,表层海水温度和底栖有孔虫氧同位素呈现同步变化的趋势,没有明显的超前或滞后的相位关系,区别于前人在暖池区的研究结果。间冰期时,表层海水温度上升伴随着温跃层变深、盐度降低,与现代西太平洋暖池La Ni珘na状态类似;冰期时则类似于El Ni珘no状态。中更新世气候转型期,西太平洋暖池的表层海水温度、温跃层深度变化受低纬热带驱动影响,都显示出强烈的岁差周期(16.8ka),而底层水氧同位素更多受到高纬的影响。 相似文献
8.
用等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对冲绳海槽北部Y127孔16个沉积物样品的稀土元素(REE)进行了分析。根据AMS14C测年结果,Y127孔记录了冲绳海槽约15kaB.P.以来的沉积历史。约11.1kaB.P.以来,沉积物的稀土元素总量(ΣREE)由表层102.4μg/g向下增加到136.1μg/g,平均为123.3μg/g。15—11.1ka,ΣREE在149.1—169.2μg/g之间,平均为158.6μg/g,总体趋势由上向下逐渐增加。轻、重稀土元素比值(ΣLREE/ΣHREE)在上述两个时间段中分别为8.16和9.42,其变化趋势与∑REE的完全相同。La/Sm在两个时段分别为6.70和7.15。球粒陨石标准化的结果表明,15kaB.P.以来冲绳海槽北部沉积物具有相同的配分模式,表现为LREE富集,HREE弱亏损。δEu的值在0.69—0.76之间,中等程度的负Eu异常;δCe在0.85—0.95之间,为弱的负Ce异常。经页岩标准化(NASC)后,REE配分模式曲线平坦,弱的正Eu异常和弱的负Ce异常。通过Y127孔沉积物REE特征与长江、黄河沉积物的对比研究,在15—11.1kaB.P.沉积物的REE组成基本反映了源区的物质组成特征,沉积物主要以长江物质为主,影响沉积物REE特征的主要因素是海平面变化和源区的物质特征。11.1kaB.P.以来,由于海平面上升,可能仅有少量黄河来源物质进入冲绳海槽北部,源区沉积环境和沉积物的组织,加上火山物质和生源组分的共同作用,形成了这一时期沉积物的REE特征。 相似文献
9.
末次冰期以来巽他陆架的演变及其对南沙群岛海区古环境的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
通过对南沙群岛海区NS94－93柱样磁组构，矿物成分分析，结合^14C测年，分析了末次冰盛期巽他陆架出露成陆及其后巽他陆架被海水淹没后南沙群岛海区沉积环境的变化，认为巽他陆架在13.2kaB.P。时开始被海水淹没，约经历600a左右趋于稳定，在末次冰期，南沙群岛海区水体封闭，沉积物以陆源物质为主，碳酸盐含量低，13.2-10kaB.P，沉积物以陆源物质为主，碳酸盐含量逐渐增加，至10kaB.P.南沙群岛海区进入全新世，水体交换条件得到较大改善，沉积物中生源物质显著上升，陆源物质明显减少，碳酸盐含量一直维持在较高水平。 相似文献
10.
利用1955～1998年逐月的上层海洋热含量资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,研究了南海夏季风爆发与热带西太平洋暖池区热含量异常的关系,并对影响过程进行了探讨.结果表明:(1)热带西太平洋暖池区是热带上层海洋热含量变化最大的区域,暖池区的热含量的变化与ENSO关系密切,是ENSO循环的重要组成部分,也是影响南海夏季风爆发最明显的地区.(2)南海夏季风爆发与前期(特别是前期冬、春季)暖池热状态的变化有密切关系,当前期暖池热含量高时,南海夏季风爆发早,反之爆发晚,这与由暖池变化所产生的上空大气的对流活动密切相关;4月暖池区热含量高(低)是预报南海夏季风爆发早(晚)的一个很好指标.(3)西太平洋暖池区热含量正异常时,辐散中心位于南海—西太平洋,对流强,西太副高弱且位置偏东,季风环流(印度洋纬向环流和经向环流)和Walker环流为正距平环流;正距平的季风环流有利于低空西到西南气流的加强,南海夏季风爆发早,反之爆发晚.由暖池变化所引起的大尺度季风环流和Walker环流的异常变化可能是影响南海夏季风爆发的一个重要动力机制. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献