共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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水深是反映海底地形地貌的最基础要素,对缺失的水深点进行准确的插值能帮助有效地表达海底地形地貌起伏形态。针对海底地形变化复杂的区域,传统的反距离加权插值法存在只考虑样本水深点与待插值水深点之间的距离,而忽略了样本水深点之间的空间相关性的问题。本文提出了一种顾及特征水深点距离重分配的反距离加权插值算法。该算法首先对离散的水深点构建特征水深线,在特征水深线的基础上,提取特征水深线上的特征点作为特征水深点;然后在所有样本水深点到待插值水深点距离之和不变的约束下,提出距离重分配的量化指标;最后构造出一个顾及特征水深点距离重分配的IDW插值算法模型。实验结果表明,在海底地形变化复杂的区域,顾及特征水深点距离重分配的反距离加权插值算法与传统的IDW、自然邻域插值、样条函数插值算法等相比,能有效提高水深点的插值精准度。 相似文献
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基于GIS空间分析的海底表层沉积物粒度分布特征插值研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了对比研究不同空间插值方法在沉积物粒度空间分布表述上的精度及适用性,在2004年11月荣成宁津小型海湾-黑泥湾综合调查的基础上,探讨了表层沉积物粒度参数的空间插值,比较了IDW(反距离加权法)、Kriging(克里金插值法)、Spline(样条插值法)与NN(自然邻域法)4种GIS空间分析方法的特征、差异及实效性,并对影响插值结果准确性的因素进行分析。结果显示,在黑泥湾表层沉积物粒度结果的空间插值计算中,从插值准确性和空间表达能力两方面考虑,IDW,Spline,Kriging和NN中以IDW法较为适宜,但要考虑到"牛眼效应"的出现会与局部实际情况存在差异;Kriging法和NN法的插值结果准确性较高,但其空间表达能力稍逊;Spline法在近岸带表层沉积物粒度特征插值中的应用性相对较差。海洋调查要素空间分布的内在规律性是控制插值结果的主要因素,表层沉积物分布以长期稳定的潮流、地形特征为主导因素,呈现由岸向海条带状分布的特征。数据均匀分布区域的插值结果要优于边界区和突变区;另外,在选取的3个观察尺度上,不同插值方法的误差均与野外取样网格间距呈显著线性正相关。 相似文献
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神经网络技术在多元图谱插值中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
工程上常规的插值方法为一元函数插值或二元函数插值。而在船舶与海洋工程中运用的图谱通常都有多个自变量,是超空间函数,因而对其进行插值必须连续做多个一（或二）元插值,十分浪费时间。ＢＰ算法是神经网络技术中应用得最普遍的方法,但在实际应用中还存在着许多问题。本文将一种改进的ＢＰ算法应用到海洋与船舶工程中的图谱插值计算中,与常规的用一元全区间插值法连续对多元图谱插值的方法相比,速度有较大幅度的提高。 相似文献
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针对目前海底地形构建方面存在的问题与不足,基于普通Kriging的计算公式,以渤海海域采集的离散高程点数据为例,对构建海底地形高程模型的空间插值方法——Kriging方法进行了研究。针对海底地形建模的具体实现,重点对Kriging算法的数据分布检验、数据分组、球形模型拟合、网格化插值以及结果显示等模块进行研究。最后,基于Visual C++6.0平台对海底地形高程的插值过程进行了编程实现和可视化表达,从而成功构建出渤海局部海域的海底地形特征,为海洋科学研究和工程建设提供了参考和依据。 相似文献
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基于IDW 的埕岛海域水下三角洲地形演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究埕岛海域水下三角洲地形演变,利用1958—2014年间埕岛海域7个不同时期水深点的数据,采用
不同插值方法开展适用性比较,确定选用反距离加权法进行数据插值,生成研究海域范围内7期水深地形图。通过栅格计算对不同时期的水深地形进行研究,分析比较了各个时期的地形特征,总结出区域内地形演变规律。研究表明,埕岛海域内整体地形呈西南高东北低走势,3~12 m 等深线间水下岸坡地带地形最为复杂且变化剧烈,走河期淤积中心不断向东北方向推进,最大淤积厚度超过12 m,废弃后侵蚀中心逐步向岸移动,且后期侵蚀速率明显降低,形成了“陡-缓-陡”的地形特征。 相似文献
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为建立一个高精度、高空间分辨率的逐日气温格点数据集,满足公共气象服务对于精确信息及实时信息的需要,利用2018年6—8月京津冀区域以及临近省区共3 974个国家级及区域气象观测站质控后的逐日气温资料,采用ANUSPLIN软件对逐日气温数据进行空间内插,得到了京津冀区域逐日气温格点数据集(0.01°×0.01°),并分别利用反距离权重插值法、普通克里金插值法、样条函数法对逐日气温数据进行空间插值,采用相关系数(Corr)、平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)等作为评估指标来检验插值精度。结果表明:1) ANUSPLIN软件满足了空间插值对精度及曲面平滑度的要求,能直观体现京津冀区域气温由北向南递增的空间分布特征; 2) 4种插值方法中,基于ANUSPLIN软件的插值结果最优,相关系数平均达0.97,其样本误差在1℃之内占比为90.59%,MAE为0.46℃,MRE为1.81%; 3)插值误差较大的区域位于冀北高原、燕山丘陵及太行山脉一带,高海拔、低站点密度等是造成插值误差的主要原因。基于ANUSPLIN插值方法建立的逐日气温格点数据集具有分辨率高、空间插值误差小的优势,ANUSPLIN对气温的空间分布具有较好的预测能力。 相似文献
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海底三维可视化技术及应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
海底地形地貌能表现海洋世界重要的空间信息，也是常规光学和电磁手段难以探测的水下区域。应用侧扫声纳技术可以反演海底地貌，同时多波束测深技术得到的水深数据重建数字水深模型，二者结合创建三维海底空间景观。利用海洋探测技术和三维可视化技术进行海底地形地貌三维仿真和分析，并对其应用进行探讨。 相似文献
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This article evaluates different spatial interpolation methods for mapping submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the Caloosahatchee Estuary, Florida. Data used for interpolation were collected by the Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Early Warning System (SAVEWS). The system consists of hydro-acoustic equipment, which operates from a slow-moving boat and records bottom depth, seagrass height, and seagrass density. This information is coupled with geographic location coordinates from a Global Positioning System (GPS) and stored together in digital files, representing SAV status at points along transect lines. Adequate spatial interpolation is needed to present the SAV information, including density, height, and water depth, as spatially continuous data for mapping and for comparison between seasons and years. Interpolation methods examined in this study include ordinary kriging with five different semivariance models combined with a variable number of neighboring points, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method with different parameters, and the triangulated irregular network (TIN) method with linear and quintic options. Interpolation results were compared with survey data at selected calibration transects to examine the suitability of different interpolation methods. Suitability was quantified by the determination coefficient (R2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) between interpolated and observed values. The most suitable interpolation method was identified as the one yielding the highest R2 value and/or the lowest RMSE value. For different geographic conditions, seasons, and SAV parameters, different interpolation methods were recommended. This study identified that kriging was more suitable than the IDW or TIN method for spatial interpolation of all SAV parameters measured. It also suggested that transect data with irregular spatial distribution patterns such as SAV parameters are sensitive to interpolation methods. An inappropriate interpolation method such as TIN can lead to erroneous spatial representation of the SAV status. With a functional geographic system and adequate computing power, the evaluation and selection of interpolation methods can be automated and quantitative, leading to a more efficient and accurate decision. 相似文献
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This article evaluates different spatial interpolation methods for mapping submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the Caloosahatchee Estuary, Florida. Data used for interpolation were collected by the Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Early Warning System (SAVEWS). The system consists of hydro-acoustic equipment, which operates from a slow-moving boat and records bottom depth, seagrass height, and seagrass density. This information is coupled with geographic location coordinates from a Global Positioning System (GPS) and stored together in digital files, representing SAV status at points along transect lines. Adequate spatial interpolation is needed to present the SAV information, including density, height, and water depth, as spatially continuous data for mapping and for comparison between seasons and years. Interpolation methods examined in this study include ordinary kriging with five different semivariance models combined with a variable number of neighboring points, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method with different parameters, and the triangulated irregular network (TIN) method with linear and quintic options. Interpolation results were compared with survey data at selected calibration transects to examine the suitability of different interpolation methods. Suitability was quantified by the determination coefficient (R2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) between interpolated and observed values. The most suitable interpolation method was identified as the one yielding the highest R2 value and/or the lowest RMSE value. For different geographic conditions, seasons, and SAV parameters, different interpolation methods were recommended. This study identified that kriging was more suitable than the IDW or TIN method for spatial interpolation of all SAV parameters measured. It also suggested that transect data with irregular spatial distribution patterns such as SAV parameters are sensitive to interpolation methods. An inappropriate interpolation method such as TIN can lead to erroneous spatial representation of the SAV status. With a functional geographic system and adequate computing power, the evaluation and selection of interpolation methods can be automated and quantitative, leading to a more efficient and accurate decision. 相似文献
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Accurate Digital Elevation Model in intertidal zones (IZDEM) is crucial to coastal applications (e.g., coastal zone management and anti-flood directing systems). Considering the features of multisource data and the evident anisotropy in intertidal zones, we propose a method for IZDEM construction. The basic idea of the method is that the terrain of any area can be divided into two portions: the trend portion reflecting the overall trend of the changes of topography and the residual portion reflecting the local changes. Based on the idea, the proposed method includes three steps: (1) Considering the influence of both the distance and the data accuracy of different data sources on the interpolation, the optimal equivalent weight is adopted to create the trend surface, which fits better for the intertidal terrain. (2) Considering the anisotropy of the terrain changes, the residual surface is created by the Kriging interpolation method. (3) IZDEM is constructed by combining the trend surface and the residual surface. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the fitting accuracy of the trend surface by considering the accuracy differences of multi-source data, and also improve the accuracy of the residual surface by considering the anisotropy of the intertidal terrain changes, thus it makes the constructed IZDEM more accurate in the area where multi-source data exist and the anisotropy of the terrain changes is evident. 相似文献
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针对当前高密度多波束水深数据抽稀后所构建数字水深模型(digital depth model,DDM)的航海安全性缺少估计这一问题,分别以最浅点法、最近点法和平均值法3种常用方法抽稀水深数据并构建DDM,在此基础上,分析不同抽稀方法所构建DDM随尺度变化的深度保证率变化规律,采用统计分析的方法建立DDM深度保证率与抽稀尺度、海底地形复杂因子之间的数学回归模型。实验表明:该回归模型不仅可用于估算基于不同抽稀方法所构建DDM的深度保证率,也为确定满足适合的DDM深度保证率所需要的抽稀尺度提供了理论依据。 相似文献