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1.
日本海洋科学技术中心最近发表观测报告宣布,在日本列岛东部海域发现见了过去未曾观测到的强大海流。 报告说,这股海流的位置在流经日本列岛南部的暖流以北250公里处,由东向西,与暖流呈相反方向,流速达3.5节(1.852公里)每小时。据悉,这股暖流是科学家们于本月初通过观测浮标的位移而发现的。该中心认为这一发现颇有意义,并表示将进一步研究这股海流对渔业资源及二氧化碳吸收量等的影响。 相似文献
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ＡｎｏｍａｌｏｕｓｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｔｈｅＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃｓｅａｉｃｅａｎｄｇｌｏｂａｌｓｅａｌｅｖｅｌｃｈａｎｇｅ￥ＸｉｅＳｉｍｅｉ;ＺｏｕＢｉｎｇ;ＷａｎｇＹｉａｎｄＢａｏＣｈｅｎｇｌａｎ（１．ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＭａｒｉｎｅＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＦ... 相似文献
3.
利用2013年1月1日~2013年12月31日的ASCAT散射计风速数据,从海面风速季平均分布特征、平均海面风速特征、海面风速大于10 m/s发生比例统计等方面,对55°S以南的南极周边海域开展了风速空间分布特性统计,得到以下结果:7月平均风速最大,为12 m/s,1月平均风速最小,为8 m/s。对于南极周边海域,区域平均风速主要在9~12 m/s,全年出现的时间大于280 d,约占全年的77%。风速大于10 m/s所占比例4~9月大于1~3月和10~12月。从全年来看,南极周边海域在4~9月风速普遍较大,且0°~60°W海域内风速明显比其他海域要小。在此基础上将2013年每日的区域平均风速与月平均风速与2012年做了对比,变化趋势与2012年基本一致。通过本项长期工作,可以了解南极风场环境基本情况,建立与更新基础资料和图件,得到南极地区风场要素时空分布、变化规律,服务于南极科学考察、全球变化等多学科研究应用。 相似文献
4.
Calace N Cardellicchio N Petronio BM Pietrantonio M Pietroletti M 《Marine environmental research》2006,61(1):40-58
Humic compounds were determined in sediments collected in an area of the Adriatic sea receiving fresh waters from the river Po. Sediment cores (10 cm) were sectioned into four layers which were analysed separately for redox potential (Eh), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), humic (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) content. The structure of HA and FA was also investigated. The results showed that the TOC and TP content decreased from the coast to the open-sea stations. Humic and fulvic acid concentrations were also inversely correlated to the distance from the coast. Moreover, the humic and fulvic acids were closely correlated to the total organic content and to the total phosphorus content. The correlations found between humic substances (HS) and TOC and TP, respectively, could be explained both by an in situ formation due to the high content of nutrients and organic matter, and by a common source of HS, TOC and TP, namely the River Po discharge. The predominant presence of aliphatic carbon in the humic structures, the low degree of substitution and the high nitrogen content suggest that primarily humified compounds were formed in situ. Nevertheless, the River Po can act both as supplier of organic matter of which decomposition products lead to the formation of humic compound and as carrier of humified compounds. 相似文献
5.
Tadashi Yoshinari 《Marine Chemistry》1976,4(2):189-202
A new gas chromatographic method was developed for the measurement of nitrous oxide (N2O) in seawater. It takes 15 min for the analysis in a sample of 640 ml seawater.By this method, more than 1000 samples taken over various depths and areas in the sea were analyzed. In the western North Atlantic, the N2O concentration over a range of oceanic depths gave characteristic profiles that were negatively correlated with oxygen profiles, reaching its maximum (c.a. 1 μg/l) in the oxygen-minimum layer at mid-depths. In the Caribbean, the N2O maximum reached higher concentrations than in the North Atlantic. N2O was near equilibrium with that in the atmosphere in Atlantic surface waters, but supersaturation of N2O was observed in surface waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in early June and in most surface samples from the Caribbean Sea in March.The estimated rate of N2O production in the sea may be significant in terms of geochemical cycling of combined nitrogen to the atmosphere. 相似文献
6.
Yatsuka Saijo 《Journal of Oceanography》1977,33(5):290-296
My studies on metabolism of organic matter in aquatic environments first involved research on the sedimentation process of organic matter in lacustrine environments. Subsequently, measurements of primary production in lake and sea water were undertaken to know the organic substance supply into the metabolism. After establishing the routine technique of productivity measurement in aquatic environment, the primary production and the photosynthetic characteristics in waters in the northwestern Pacific, the western Indian Ocean and the Antarctic Sea were studied. Following the development of new methods to determine the organic substances in the dissolved and particulate forms and chlorophyll pigment in seawater, their distributions both horizontal and vertical directions were determined. And I have had interest in the mechanism producing a subsurface chlorophyll maximum in the ocean. Recently, my major interest has been directed to the coastal waters. The nitrogen cycle was studied in oyster beds and the research on eutrophication processes in a shallow bay is being carried out from the aspect of production and decomposition of organic matter. 相似文献
7.
On June 2013 a workshop at the University of Siena (Italy) was organized to review current knowledge and to clarify what is known, and what remains to be investigated, concerning plastic litter in the sea. The content of the workshop was designed to contribute further to the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) following an inaugural workshop in 2012. Here we report a number of statements relevant to policymakers and scientists that was overwhelming agreement from the participants. Many might view this as already providing sufficient grounds for policy action. At the very least, this early warning of the problems that lie ahead should be taken seriously, and serve as a stimulus for further research. 相似文献
8.
Based on the analysis of wind,ocean currents,sea surface temperature(SST) and remote sensing satellite altimeter data,the characteristics and possible causes of sea level anomalies in the Xisha sea area are investigated.The main results are shown as follows:(1) Since 1993,the sea level in the Xisha sea area was obviously higher than normal in 1998,2001,2008,2010 and 2013.Especially,the sea level in 1998 and 2010 was abnormally high,and the sea level in 2010 was 13.2 cm higher than the muti-year mean,which was the highest in the history.In 2010,the sea level in the Xisha sea area had risen 43 cm from June to August,with the strength twice the annual variation range.(2) The sea level in the Xisha sea area was not only affected by the tidal force of the celestial bodies,but also closely related to the quasi 2 a periodic oscillation of tropical western Pacific monsoon and ENSO events.(3)There was a significant negative correlation between sea level in the Xisha sea area and ENSO events.The high sea level anomaly all happened during the developing phase of La Ni?a.They also show significant negative correlations with Ni?o 4 and Ni?o 3.4 indices,and the lag correlation coefficients for 2 months and 3 months are–0.46 and –0.45,respectively.(4) During the early La Ni?a event form June to November in 2010,the anomalous wind field was cyclonic.A strong clockwise vortex was formed for the current in 25 m layer in the Xisha sea area,and the velocity of the current is close to the speed of the Kuroshio near the Luzon Strait.In normal years,there is a "cool eddy".While in 2010,from July to August,the SST in the area was 2–3°C higher than that of the same period in the history. 相似文献
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A new set of empirical formulas for the production rate and the number concentration of sea-water droplets on the sea surface are proposed, synthesizing past observation data of sea-salt particles in the sea and water droplets in wind-wave tanks. A new levelz
c
is introduced as the effective wind-sea surface where seawater droplets are produced. The new formulas are expressed in linear functions in logarithmic scales ofu*2/v
p
, a parameter to describe overall conditions of airsea boundary processes, whereu
* is the friction velocity of air,v the kinematic viscosity of air and
p
the peak angular frequency of wind-wave part of wave spectra. A model of coexistence of spray droplets and suspended particles near the sea surface is proposed. As for the independent parameter, a comparison between the uses ofu*2/v
p
and ofu
*
3 which was the traditional way of parameterization excluding wave measure, shows that the advantage of usingu*2/v
p
is statistically significant with a confidence limit 89% in F-test. 相似文献
12.
依据海洋法确定的管辖海域对沿海国的管理有着法律意义.海警在我国管辖海域内执法,尤其是处理涉外案件,不仅要依照国内法律、法规、规章,而且必然受到海洋法的影响. 相似文献
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Dale Andrew 《Marine Policy》1978,2(1):46-64
At first sight, the regime suggested for archipelagos at UNCLOS seems to recognize to a large extent the concept of the archipelago as a single unit of islands and water. The author examines closely whether in fact the archipelagic states' view of their maritime jurisdiction has been upheld, or whether the negotiations have led to a position based on traditional concepts of law of the sea. The archipelago doctrine and interests underlying it, opposition to it, and the considerations by the international legal community are discussed. Finally, developments on archipelagos in the Seabed Committee and UNCLOS III are traced in order to understand the language of the proposed archipelagic regime. 相似文献
15.
本文利用1951?2021年哈德莱中心提供的海冰和海温最新资料以及美国国家海洋和大气管理局气候预报中心提供的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析探讨了北极海冰70余年的长期变化特征,进而研究了其快速减少与热带海温场异常变化之间的联系,揭示了在全球热带海洋海温场变化与北极海冰之间存在密切联系的事实。结果表明,北极海冰异常变化最显著区域出现在格陵兰海、卡拉海和巴伦支海。热带不同海区对北极海冰的影响存在明显时滞时间和强度差异,热带大西洋的影响相比偏早,印度洋次之,太平洋偏晚。热带大西洋、印度洋和中东太平洋海温异常影响北极海冰的最佳时间分别是后者滞后26个月、30个月和34个月,全球热带海洋影响北极海冰的时滞时间为33个月。印度洋SST对北极海冰的影响程度最强,其次是太平洋,最弱是大西洋。全球热带海洋对北极海冰的影响过程中,热带东太平洋和印度洋起主导作用。当全球热带海洋SST出现正（负）距平时,北极海冰会出现偏少（多）的趋势,而AO、PNA、NAO对北极海冰变化起重要作用,是热带海洋与北极海冰相系数的重要“纽带”。而AO、PNA和NAO不仅受热带海洋SST的影响,同时也受太平洋年代际振荡PDO和大西洋多年代际AMO的影响,这一研究为未来北极海冰快速减少和全球气候变暖机理的深入研究提供理论支撑。 相似文献
16.
本文根据我国海岸雷达的实际情况,提出了直接测量海骚回波强度和直接测定海骚回波最大距离的方法,并利用实测资料,建立了最大风速与海骚回波最大距离的相关关系式及海骚回波最大距离与海面风浪关系曲线。 相似文献
17.
Eitaro Wada 《Journal of Oceanography》1973,29(4):163-170
18.
Masanori Konda Norihisa Imasato Katsuya Nishi Takashi Toda 《Journal of Oceanography》1994,50(1):17-30
The sea surface emissivity in the infrared region is determined on the basis of data analyses. Net radiation, surface irradiance and other oceanographical and meteorological variables are measured throughout most of the year at the oceanographical observatory tower in Tanabe Bay, Japan. We have found that 0.984±0.004 is a reliable emissivity value from the night time data. Surface emission radiates not from the subsurface water but from the sea surface. The thermal skin layer on the sea surface, however, is disturbed and disappears under high wind speed over 5 m/s through the analyses of the radiation observation using the emissivity value of 0.984. Under low wind speed, the sea surface can be cooler or warmer than the subsurface due to overlying thermal conditions and the skin layer can be neutral as the transient process between them. By using an emissivity value of 0.984, the temperature difference between the sea surface temperature and the temperature determined from surface irradiance that has been reported in the satellite data analyses is found to be reduced by half. 相似文献
19.
Robert Hage 《Marine Policy》1984,8(1):2-15
This is a historical review of Canadian policy at the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea. Canadian objectives with regard to the territorial sea, fisheries, pollution prevention and the continental shelf are outlined and the role played by the Canadian delegation at UNCLOS is described. The article then examines the impact of the Convention on Canada, particular attention being paid to the Canadian Exclusive Economic Zone and the Canadian role in the controversy over seabed mining. The author concludes by arguing that Canada was a major beneficiary of the Convention, but that US opposition has placed the future of the Convention in jeopardy. 相似文献
20.
In September 1979, the radar scattering coefficient (sigmadeg ) was measured at platform Noordwijk in the North Sea 10 km off the Dutch coast. This was done in conjunction with similar measurements by Dutch and French investigators as part of Project MARSEN (Marine Remote Sensing). Our measurements were made with vertical and horizontal polarizations, in the frequency baud 9-17 GHz, at incidence angles0deg - 70deg , with wind speeds from 2-22 m/s, and look directions upwind, downwind, and crosswind. This paper presents the scattering-coefficient variation with these radar and ocean parameters. In particular, the exponents for the windspeed response are compared with those from other investigators. Some of the exponents reported here are higher than reported previously, possibly because orthogonal regression was used rather than regression ofsigmadeg versus windspeed. 相似文献