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1.
根据2009年9月岚山港海洋临时倾倒区海域水质监测数据,采用单因子质量指数法对该倾倒区的水质进行了评价;采用多项水质参数综合评价法、营养状态质量指数法及有机污染指数法对该倾倒区2000-2009年水质状况的变化趋势进行了分析.结果表明:2009年9月影响该海域表、底层水质的主要因素为无机氮、铜、铅和锌;海水水质综合评价指数Q表明2000年至2009年该倾倒区海水水质优劣顺序为:2000年＞2006年＞2004年＞2009年＞2008年,2000年至2009年该倾倒区海水营养状态质量指数NQI、有机污染指数A呈上升趋势,但海水水质为贫营养水平,无富营养化现象,水体质量状况良好. 相似文献
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以1997年8月中旬和2011年10月中旬对三门湾附近海域开展的海域水质现状调查为依据,分析了近15 a间该海域水体环境氮、磷营养盐的分布现状及变化特征。结果表明:近15 a来,三门湾海域的无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量均成倍增长,水体营养程度由轻度富营养化逐步上升为重度富营养化;从营养结构来看,活性磷酸盐仍为限制性富营养化因子;大量的海水养殖是导致该海域营养盐大幅提高的直接原因。因此,为控制三门湾的富营养化现象进一步加剧,建议适度控制海水养殖规模,调整海水养殖结构,加强对三门湾沿岸排污控制,以获得养殖经济效益和生态环境效益的协调、可持续发展。 相似文献
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杭州湾丰水期主要污染因子的分布变化及成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用2000年～2001年杭州湾交通通道工程海域环境调查与监测、大小洋山海域跨海大桥和码头建设以及宁波镇海炼化项目的环境影响评价资料,结合浙江省海洋污染基线调查的成果,分析了杭州湾丰水期主要污染因子的分布变化规律及其成因,结果表明:(1)杭州湾海域水质受陆源影响显著,面源和无组织排放的污染物以及沿岸径流携带入海的污染物,使水体处于严重的富营养化状态。(2)无机氮、活性磷酸盐是丰水期杭州湾海域水体的主要污染因子,其在水体中的含量从湾顶至湾口逐渐降低。无机氮在水体中的含量较高,均超过四类海水水质标准;活性磷酸盐在水体中的含量在湾顶和湾中段超过四类海水水质标准,在湾口段超过三类海水水质标准。(3)化学需氧量和石油类物质也是丰水期杭州湾海域水体重要的污染因子,湾顶段的化学需氧量、石油类物质平均含量超过二类海水水质标准。石油类污染物质含量呈现湾中段低,湾顶段和湾口段高的分布态势,表明石油类污染物质的含量除了受陆源排污的影响外,还与各类船舶及大型石化企业等长期排污有密切关系。(4)由于钱塘江潮汐的作用,杭州湾海域水体交换剧烈,湾内高含量的悬浮物质一定程度上促进了水体中污染物质的降解。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(8)
根据2012年5、8、10月在象山港海域的监测资料,分析了该海域Chl-a的时空分布特征,及其与水温、盐度、溶解氧、COD以及营养盐等主要环境因子的相关关系。结果表明:象山港海域Chl-a浓度在0.27~27.29μg/L范围内,平均浓度为2.80μg/L。海域Chl-a浓度的季节性变化非常明显,峰值出现在夏季,而秋季浓度最低;并且具有从内湾港顶向港外逐渐递减的空间分布规律。相关性分析显示,在夏季,影响Chl-a含量的主要因素是盐度和溶解氧;在秋季,Chl-a与活性磷酸盐和硅酸盐间的相关性非常显著,但与无机氮(DIN)不具显著意义相关关系。总体看来,象山港海域Chl-a的时空分布受到海域水动力条件、海水养殖活动等的共同影响,夏季还可能受到台风影响。 相似文献
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三门湾蛇蟠海域环境质量现状评价 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
根据 1 997年 8月三门湾蛇蟠海域现场调查结果 ,采用环境质量指数法 ,对该海域的环境质量现状进行了初步的分析与评价。结果表明 ,该海域除营养盐及锌含量超标外 ,其它环境要素基本符合一类海水水质标准及底质标准。水体中营养盐含量普遍偏高 ,无机氮含量 98%超一类海水水质标准 ;活性磷酸盐 66%超一类海水水质标准。沿岸锌矿的开采在一定程度上影响了该海域重金属中的锌含量 相似文献
6.
广东柘林湾海水增养殖区环境质量评价 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
根据1999年10月至2000年9月对广东柘林湾每月进行1次环境监测的结果,用单因子污染指数法、营养指数(E)法和有机污染评价指数(A)法对广东柘林湾海水增养殖区环境质量进行评价。评价结果表明：柘林湾海域主要污染因子为总氮、无机氮、总磷、POLP和石油类,其中除无机氮超标率为71％外,其它指标超标率都为100％;整个柘林湾海域富营养化极为严重,平均E值达5．145。柘林湾水体生态系统已处于严重的不健康状态,影响了海水增养殖区主导功能的发挥。 相似文献
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埕岛油田海底管道工程海域环境现状及质量评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用实测资料采用《中国近海水质评价方法》对工程海域环境现状进行分析和质量评价。结果表明工程海域水体主要污染为有机污染和石油污染,主要污染物为无机氮、无机磷、石油类、铅、海域为三类海水。靠近采油平台、油井组的站位水质差,远离平台、井组水质较好,说明海上石油开发带来了一定的污染。工程海域内的底质尚未受到污染。 相似文献
10.
渤海无机氮年际变化分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据1985－1998年渤海断面资料分析，高浓度无机氮水体从断面近岸海域通过底层水体逐年向渤海中剖迁移和扩散。断面海域底层一无机氮浓度的年际变化可以比较稳定地反映水体的富营养化程度。渤海断面海域硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮年际变化的主要部分原本呈现准平衡态变化，由于海水污染程度的持续增长，破坏了这种准平衡态年际变化，海洋生物－化学过程仅能够维持其年际变化的次要部分呈现准平衡态变化，但是不足以阻止其主要部分脱离准平衡态变化。海洋生物的繁殖和聚集密度对无机氮浓度的空间分布有重要影响。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献