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湛江海域鱼类体内5种激素残留的放射免疫分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文采用放射免疫分析法分别测定了养殖与野生黑鲷、花尾胡椒鲷、军曹鱼、青鲈、白鲳5种常见湛江海域养殖鱼类肌肉中生长激素、雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮及绒毛膜促性腺激素的残留量。结果表明,在5种养殖与野生鱼类肌肉中均检出5种激素,各种激素的残留量依鱼类种类不同而有差异,在同种鱼类中的任一种激素残留量均是养殖鱼类显著高于相应的野生鱼类(P<0.01)。5种激素在5种养殖与野生鱼类中的残留情况是,生长激素均以养殖与野生青鲈最高,雌二醇以养殖黑鲷、野生军曹鱼最高,孕酮均以养殖与野生军曹鱼最高,睾酮均以养殖与野生白鲳最高,绒毛膜促性腺激素以养殖青鲈、野生花尾胡椒鲷最高。 相似文献
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采用放射免疫分析法测定了养殖与野生黑鲷Sparus macroccephalus、花尾胡椒鲷Plectorhynchus cinctus、军曹鱼Rachycentron canadum、青鲈Nibea japonica、白鲳Pampus argenteus5种湛江海域常见养殖鱼类肌肉中生长激素、雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮及绒毛膜促性腺激素的含量。结果表明,同一种激素含量依鱼种类的不同而有差异。5种激素在5种养殖与野生鱼类中的含量是,生长激素以养殖与野生青鲈最高,雌二醇以养殖黑鲷、野生军曹鱼最高,孕酮以养殖与野生军曹鱼最高,睾酮以养殖与野生白鲳最高,绒毛膜促性腺激素以养殖青鲈、野生花尾胡椒鲷最高。同一种激素含量在同种的养殖与野生鱼类中有显著差异(p<0.01),养殖黑鲷肌肉中5种激素含量分别是野生黑鲷的6.94、4.01、2.81、2.42、2.99倍;养殖花尾胡椒鲷分别是野生花尾胡椒鲷的5.68、2.51、2.15、2.13、1.93倍;养殖军曹鱼分别是野生军曹鱼的46.11、1.71、1.63、5.50、2.91倍;养殖青鲈分别是野生青鲈的6.60、2.75、2.83、3.58、5.38倍;养殖白鲳分别是野生白鲳的2.55、2.67、2.49、2.52、2.70倍。实验结果提示,放射免疫分析法可作为检测水产品中激素含量的有效手段。 相似文献
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本文主要介绍了青岛崂山海岸带野生果树的种类、分布状况、用途及开花结果日期,为变野生为家养提供科学依据。 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2020,(1)
目前半滑舌鳎的人工繁育中普遍存在近亲繁殖现象,种质资源和优良性状无法保障,关于半滑舌鳎野生群体和养殖群体的群体结构、混杂程度、遗传多样性分析等研究工作近10a内没有持续跟进,随着大量的半滑舌鳎人工繁育苗种增殖放流入海,野生和养殖种群的混杂程度有待评估。本研究对半滑舌鳎3个海捕野生群体和3个养殖群体进行遗传多样性分析和种质资源状况研究,通过GBS技术对87个半滑舌鳎样本进行测序,产生的高质量序列数据量为55.12Gb,共获563109个高质量的SNP位点用于遗传多样性分析。通过SNP分析遗传多样性发现,野生群体的遗传多样性略高于养殖群体,个别养殖群体高于野生群体,说明近年来增殖放流对野生群体的遗传多样性有所影响,遗传距离最远的是天津野生群体和河北养殖群体。在种群分化方面, 6个群体间不存在明显分化,尚未形成明显的地理隔离,不过聚类分析还是可以把野生群体和养殖群体分成两个亚群。本研究发现了一些高分化位点,计划通过设计引物扩增该段序列找出能够区分野生和养殖群体的候选标记。 相似文献
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《热带海洋学报》2016,(3)
选取10对高多态性、非遗传连锁的微卫星引物对分布于广东和福建南部海区若干葡萄牙牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)养殖群体和野生群体种群进行遗传变异分析。3个养殖群体分别采样于福建漳浦(zp1)、广东饶平(zp2)和广东惠州大亚湾(zp4),一个野生群体采样于福建漳浦(zp3)。结果表明无论养殖群体还是野生群体,其种群遗传多样性均较高:3个葡萄牙牡蛎养殖群体期望杂合度为0.769~0.857,野生群体期望杂合度为0.878;3个养殖群体的观测杂合度为0.410~0.518,野生群体为0.641;3个养殖群体基因多样性为0.769~0.820,野生群体为0.878,表明尚未存在种质衰退问题。4个群体间出现显著分化,表明这几个群体间基因交流有限。养殖群体的遗传多样性低于野生群体,提醒要提防葡萄牙牡蛎资源的种质衰退。 相似文献
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青岛园林露栽植的观赏植物大都在春季４月中，下旬开花，秋季开花的观赏植物较少，经调查约有２４科５５种，本文分别对每种花卉生长环境，园林用途、开花结果日期作了介绍，以供引种这些野花卉时参考。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2017
Carrying capacity is an important index used to evaluate the status of regional resources, ecological environment, and regional economic development. Marine industrial parks have gained substantial attention from domestic and foreign investors and governments at all levels; in particular, these parks are an essential part of the national blue economy development plan of the Chinese government. The carrying capacity of a marine industrial park is important to all related stakeholders. In this study, an evaluation system was established based on the literature review and expert interviews by using 32 indices under three dimensions (pressure, bearing, and transformation) to determine the carrying capacity of a marine industrial park. The carrying capacity of marine industrial parks in Shandong Province was evaluated using this system across diverse dimensions by incorporating state space and analytic hierarchy processes. Results indicated that carrying capacity significantly differed among regions, parks, and specific dimensions. Comparison among different types of marine industrial parks indicated that the modern marine service industry and fishery industrial parks showed improved and efficient development with relatively high bearing rates. By contrast, the modern marine manufacturing industry and strategic emerging industrial parks were significantly underdeveloped. This study proposes academic approaches and practical implications for the involved governments and managing committees. Furthermore, suggestions on park planning, policy support, industrial cluster, and industry–university–research institute alliances are provided to the government and enterprise perspectives to increase the carrying capacity of marine characteristic industrial parks. 相似文献
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2011年至今，我国已批复建立海洋保护区类的国家级海洋公园有48处。国家级海洋公园的建设是海洋生态文明建设的具体体现，不仅推动海洋生态保护的可持续性，也为滨海旅游业的发展提供保障，为实现人民群众追求美好生活提供了高质量的滨海休憩空间。通过掌握国内海洋保护区类的海洋公园的建设及管理的现状，对海洋公园管理办法的出台提供一些借鉴性依据，文章从国内外海洋保护区管理的背景分析开始，并选取两个典型的海洋保护区类的国家级海洋公园为例，分析了国家海洋公园管理体制存在问题及其原因，并提出：完善海洋公园相关的法律法规，理顺保护区的管理体制；建立完善的海洋公园管理机构，创新海洋公园管理模式；强化监视监测系统的建设，提高信息化科学化管理技术水平；加强执法装备的建设规划，提高依法行政的管理水平；对公园原住民实施相关经济补偿；创新宣传模式，发挥宣传载体作用；善于学习借鉴，加强国内国外合作等管理建议。为今后开展海洋公园规范化建设提供思路。 相似文献
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试论生态园林在福建沿海城市可持续发展中的地位 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文从可持续发展角度出发，对福建沿海城市发展过程中存在的问题进行评价，分析了生态园林在城市可持续发展中的地位和作用，并提出出在福建沿海城市建设生态园林的对策。 相似文献
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为进一步保护我国南海海洋生态环境和海洋历史文化,促进南海地区社会经济的可持续发展,同时完善我国国家公园制度建设,文章在概述我国国家公园和国内外海洋公园建设情况的基础上,分析建设我国南海海洋国家公园的必要性和面临的挑战,并提出政策建议。研究结果表明:我国相继建设国家级风景名胜区和国家公园,其中国家公园规模更大,且以生态环境保护为主;美国等海洋国家公园的建设实践较完善;我国具有海洋公园建设和管理优势,但也存在不足,尤其尚未建立海洋国家公园;我国南海海洋国家公园建设在保护生态环境、传承传统文化、管理旅游活动和恢复渔业资源等方面的意义重大,但面临体制机制创新、管理技术突破以及人与自然和谐相处等方面的挑战;建设我国南海海洋国家公园应以珊瑚礁保护区为基础、以国家公园体制改革为契机、生态环境保护与社会经济发展并行、发扬海洋历史文化以及建立海洋科研基地。 相似文献
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The socioeconomic conditions in nine communities of the Kenyan coast were examined to test the hypotheses that socioeconomic characteristics and knowledge about the sea differ for: (1) fishers compared to non-fishers; and (2) fishers living adjacent to parks compared to fishers living away from parks. Compared to non-fishers, fishers were poorer, had higher occupational diversity, more participation in community decision-making, and higher scores on six dimensions of knowledge about marine resources. Fishers living adjacent parks had lower occupational diversity, higher fortnightly expenditures, greater knowledge of the effects of land-based pollutants and market demands than non-park fishers. These relationships may, however, be a result of urbanization near Kenya's marine parks, rather than the marine parks’ effect on fishers’ knowledge and livelihoods. Consistent with studies from other parts of the world, this study finds that there are aspects of Kenyan fishers’ socioeconomic conditions and knowledge about the sea that characterize them as distinct from non-fishers. Initiatives designed to improve the socioeconomic conditions of fishers or to manage fishery stocks need to understand and account for these differences. 相似文献
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Effectiveness of the managed-use zones in six multiple-use marine parks located within New South Wales (NSW), Australia, was assessed using qualitative Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) techniques. Permitted activities in these managed-use zones displayed considerable variation between individual marine parks within this one jurisdiction (NSW); many activities appeared to be inconsistent with the stated objectives; and, some were considered high risk. For example, in “habitat protection” zones, 24 out of 76 permitted activities were inconsistently applied across the parks and 10 activities were determined to be high risk. ERA indicated that many commercial fishing activities warranted restriction or prohibition in these zones, including trawling, set lining, drift lining, mesh netting and purse seining operations. The best fit between objectives of the managed-use zones and permitted activities was for the most recent park (Batemans Marine Park). Inconsistencies in application of zoning restrictions between these marine parks could lead to stakeholder confusion, unintentional non-compliance and failure to adequately protect the assets. As a result, it is suggested that these managed-use zones may not be achieving their stated objectives and that greater consistency in application of regulations was required. To implement the ERA recommendations, changes would be required across all of the NSW marine parks and this would be best accommodated during a staged review of all zoning plans. It is concluded that ERA is an effective tool to aid in systematically identifying permissible activities in order to meet marine park objectives. 相似文献
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Marine parks worldwide are under assault from illegal fishing, pollution and a burgeoning tourism industry. However, their principal mission of environmental protection and conservation is too often hampered by lack of funds. In recent years a number of studies have been done on the willingness of users to pay entrance fees to fund marine park management particularly those where coral reefs occur. In this analysis, we examine 18 such reports from which we conclude that there is overwhelming public approval to pay for entry to marine parks, with all studies indicating a general acceptance for the introduction of fees or an increase in those where charges already exist. Factors that positively influence this include visitors income, level of education, environmental awareness, residency and desire to provide a legacy to future generations. However, there are also aspects that deter including trust in the fee collection agency and openness in how the money is spent. This analysis endeavours to highlight those aspects that positively influence users of marine parks to contribute willingly to their management and help close the funding gap that confronts so many. 相似文献
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Claire B. Smallwood Lynnath E. Beckley Susan A. Moore Halina T. Kobryn 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(4):330-340
Being able to accurately locate and describe recreational use within marine parks is essential for their sustainable management. Given the difficulty in accessing many marine parks, as well as their large size, the surveys to obtain these much-needed data are often logistically challenging and expensive. Aerial surveys are one potential method for obtaining accurate, timely data and this paper details the design for one such survey conducted in the Ningaloo Marine Park, off the northwestern coast of Australia. Ningaloo has been nominated as a world heritage site and the fringing coral reef that forms the centrepiece of the Marine Park extends for 300 km along the coastline. The survey involved 34 temporally stratified flights conducted over a 12-month period. All vessels and people were geo-referenced and where possible, their activities were recorded, providing data that clearly illustrates dramatic expansions and contractions in recreational use. Not only does the spatial extent of use expand in the peak visitor season (April-October), the density of use correspondingly increases. High densities of recreational activity in the Park’s waters were accompanied by increased numbers of vehicles, camps, boat trailers and boats on the adjacent shoreline. Aerial surveys proved to be an effective method for rapidly obtaining recreational data with high spatial accuracy. Such a method has broad applicability to marine parks as it provides comprehensive data to benchmark existing recreational use, as well as monitor future changes in activity patterns, which are essential for the informed management that must underpin sustainability efforts. 相似文献
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山东省海岸带木兰属植物的现状及应用前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
山东省海岸带有木兰科、木兰属植物１４种和变种。本文对每种植物的外部形态、分布、用途、开花结果日期都作了叙述,为保护和开发该地区木兰属植物资源,满足沿海城市医药、园林等部门需求提供科学依据。 相似文献