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文章在对青岛市27个面积大于500m2功能定位为旅游娱乐用岛的无居民海岛野外调查的基础上,综合资源和环境等特征,采用AHP和Delphi评估方法,构建了无居民海岛旅游开发适宜性评估模型,确定了无居民海岛旅游开发适宜性分级。研究结果表明:小青岛、小麦岛、驴岛等6个无居民海岛属于非常适宜开发;马龙岛、里连岛、即墨牛岛等9个无居民海岛属于较适宜开发;试刀石,高沙顶、涨岛等12个无居民海岛属于适宜开发。最后提出了无居民海岛开发利用建议,为青岛市无居民海岛旅游开发提供科学依据。 相似文献
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海滩是海岛海岸重要的沉积地貌单元,其沉积特征和稳定性对于海滩的进一步开发利用和海滩养护具有重要意义。依据烟台长岛明珠广场海滩(人工沙滩)和威海荣成镆铘岛海滩剖面形态特征,结合表层沉积物粒度特征,分析了海滩剖面的稳定性,同时利用岬湾海滩静态平衡模型(MEPBAY),对两海滩平面形态的稳定性进行了分析和预测。结果表明:明珠广场海滩处于前滨严重侵蚀的不稳定态,镆铘岛海滩处于局部微侵蚀的轻度不稳定态。另外,从海岛海滩地理特征、水动力环境、泥沙来源和人类活动等方面简单归纳了两个海滩的侵蚀原因。 相似文献
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菜坨子岛位于大连市长海县,为无居民海岛,功能定位为渔业用岛。依据无居民海岛生态系统的特点和渔业用岛功能定位,文章使用压力-状态-响应模型设置3层指标体系,对菜坨子岛生态状况进行评价。指标评价方法采用专家评价法及单因子环境质量指数法、综合评价指数法等计算各级权重值和指标值。基于2015年现场调查数据,采用层次分析法对压力-状态-响应模型进行计算,得出菜坨子岛年生态状况分值及评价结果。结果表明,菜坨子岛总体状态为“优”（分值为0.811 1）。此外,经过对评价指标进一步优化后,可将该评价方法推广到对其他渔业用无居民海岛的生态状况评价,为其开发和保护提供依据。 相似文献
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对海岛进行风险评价是海岛开发利用和保护管理的基础和前提。文章以舟山群岛为研究区域,应用专家调查问卷法,对舟山群岛规划建设中的综合利用岛、滨海旅游岛、临港工业岛、港口物流岛、现代渔业岛、海洋生态岛等不同主体功能岛群面临的主要生态风险源及其危害度进行调查评估。结果表明,接受问卷调查的专家普遍认为,舟山群岛名列前十位的生态风险源主要有台风和风暴潮、储运的石油及其制品燃烧爆炸、装卸运输产生的石油泄漏、赤潮暴发、滑坡与泥石流等地质灾害、淡水资源短缺、过度捕捞、沙石及岛礁采挖、生物入侵、工业三废排放;按照各类主体功能岛群面临的各种生态风险源的综合潜在危害度,从大到小排列依次为海洋生态岛、滨海旅游岛、现代渔业岛、综合利用岛、临港工业岛、港口物流岛。在逐一分析各类主体功能岛群面临的主要生态风险源的基础上,提出完善分类风险管控重点以提高防灾减灾的针对性、完善公共防灾基础设施以加强防范共性生态风险等对策建议。 相似文献
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海岛生态脆弱性的内涵、特征及成因探析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海岛生态系统拥有明显且独特的脆弱性,对海岛的生态环境和社会经济构成威胁。准确把握和有效控制海岛生态脆弱性是维护海岛生态系统、合理开发利用海岛的根本前提,一套科学、统一且针对性强的概念体系是海岛生态脆弱性研究的基础。参考相关研究,以海岛生态系统的特殊性为基点,以我国海岛为侧重点,通过梳理和分析大量海岛典型案例,提出并探析海岛生态脆弱性的内涵、特征和成因。海岛生态脆弱性是在独特的自身条件和复杂的系统干扰下海岛生态系统表现出的易受损性和难恢复性,具备长期性、分异性和可调控性的特征;特殊的地理位置、有限的规模大小和明显的空间隔离使得海岛生态系统具有明显的海陆二相性、资源短缺性和独立完整性,与不同类型、不同程度的自然扰动和人为干扰相互作用,形成并加剧海岛生态脆弱性。概念体系的建立能够为海岛生态脆弱性的深入分析与合理调控提供切实依据。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
Conventional top-down, exogenous approaches to fisheries management have been ineffective in more traditional and small-scale fisheries. Yet, there remains little understanding of the effectiveness of alternative approaches. This case-study of small-scale fisheries in the Comoros examines how effective local fishing associations are at managing common fisheries resources, and provides some understanding of the underlying characteristics of effectiveness. Emphasis is placed on assessing governance effectiveness according to characteristics appropriate within the local context, and on suggesting ways to enhance local institutional strength and capacity to manage resources. Qualitative methods were used to collect data on local governance structures and management tools, fishers’ knowledge and beliefs, and perceptions of the status of fisheries resources in four major fishing villages on the island of Ngazidja. Results show that fisheries management in the Comoros is informally shared between the State fisheries department, a national fishing syndicate, and village fishing associations. Village fishing associations play an active role in fisheries management by collectively designing, monitoring, and enforcing local regulations. Compliance with local regulations is high, primarily due to participatory decision-making, community-monitoring, and strong feelings of solidarity among fishers. Perceptions of the benefits of these regulations are also high. This suggests that by working within these pre-established informal management systems, collective governance of common pool resources can be achieved within communities, and feelings of empowerment and shared responsibility among resource users can lead to effective management practices. 相似文献
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Sedimentation in mangroves and coral reefs in a wet tropical island, Pohnpei, Micronesia 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Steven Victor Leinson Neth Yimnang Golbuu Eric Wolanski Robert H. Richmond 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,66(3-4):409-416
A six-month-long study was conducted of the fate of turbid river plumes from the Enipein watershed in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Pohnpei is one of the wettest places on earth, with a mean annual rainfall exceeding 4 m in the lowlands and 8 m in the highlands. The river waters were clear of sediment except after major storms with rainfall exceeding 5 cm day−1. Following a storm, the river plume spread in the mangrove fringed estuary and in the coral reef lagoon. The waters were highly stratified in temperature, salinity, and suspended sediment concentration. The brackish water was flushed out in four days, while the suspended sediment all settled out in the estuary, in the mangroves, and in the lagoon including on the coral reefs, in less than one day. The mean rate of sedimentation exceeded 35 mg cm−2 d−1 both over the mangroves and on the adjacent coral reefs. While this leads to no detrimental effects on the mangroves, sediment smothers corals and leads to substantial coral mortality in the lagoon. The mud is not flushed out from the lagoon because there are no strong currents from waves or tides. This high sedimentation rate is attributable to poor farming and land-use practices on the upland areas. 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1999,46(9):1633-1652
The results of two oceanographic surveys designed to delineate the flow response near Cato Island (155°32′E, 23°15′S) in the Western Coral Sea are presented. The surveys were conducted in October 1992 and February 1993 and coincided with conditions of strong, steady incident currents and relatively weak, variable currents, respectively. For the strong inflow case study, a surface-intensified cyclonic eddy observed in the wake of the island was co-incident with a zone of strong upwelling. Isotherm displacements within the eddy were in excess of 90 m. The lee side response was strongly depth dependent, with recirculation confined to the upper 120 m. A dynamical systems approach incorporating ADCP data was used to compute Lagrangian trajectories numerically for particles released at various locations in the wake zone. There was no evidence of enhanced chlorophyll concentrations downstream of the island. Comparisons with other dynamically similar studies indicate that eddy shedding is likely during periods of steady incident currents. During the second survey, weaker incident currents resulted in a less pronounced flow disturbance. Small isothermal displacements were capped beneath the strong seasonal thermocline. Lee side currents were weak and variable, with recirculation confined to the upper 50 m. A strong biological response was observed downstream, with increased integrated chlorophyll content and zooplankton biomass in the lee providing evidence of the island mass effect. 相似文献
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采用N2通量法,在一套连续流动培养装置中测定珠江口淇澳岛海岸带的反硝化速率,探讨各种因素对淇澳岛海岸带反硝化速率的影响.结果表明,反硝化速率受NO3-的利用率影响,而不是NO3-的绝对浓度.大型红树植物对淇澳岛海岸带的反硝化速率影响最大,其次是硝酸盐利用率,而有机质含量的影响较小.由于大型红树植物的影响,样品Q0411-5的反硝化速率比同在岛内的Q0411-3高出1倍.样品Q0412-14的NO3-培养前后的浓度变化(△NO3-)是Q0412-9的4倍多,因为受硝酸盐利用率的影响,它的反硝化速率却是Q0412-9的2倍多.温度对反硝化速率的影响程度尚不能确定. 相似文献
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Frank Stapor 《Marine Geology》1973,14(4):277-286
Shell Island and Crooked Island peninsulas comprise the Holocene barrier system in the Panama City, Florida, region. Both of these peninsulas have experienced a history of integration-fragmentation-integration superimposed on a net shoreward migration since 1779. Catastrophic events such as hurricanes are most probably responsible for the pass cutting which has fragmented these barriers. Both barrier peninsulas have very nearly segmented St. Andrew Sound into an eastern and western portion. This segmentation has been achieved through natural causes in the eastern or Crooked Island region, but an alternation in the tidal return pattern, effected by the cutting of a canal across Shell Island, is probably responsible for the ongoing segmentation of the western portion.Rates of erosion/deposition, determined by comparing bathymetries charted in 1877, 1930, and 1946, demand that these two peninsulas receive material by eastward transport. Furthermore, the long shore drift of both peninsulas is bidirectional, northwesterly and southeasterly. These two drift components are very nearly equal in magnitude immediately west of Shell Island; net easterly drift occurs on Shell Island peninsula. Crooked Island experiences net westerly and easterly drift; the easterly drift terminates in the Bell Shoal area and does not reach the adjacent St. Joe Spit. 相似文献
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John S. Lively Zena Kaufman Edward J. Carpenter 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,16(1):51-68
The phytoplankton ecology of Great South Bay, New York, was studied over a 1-year period. The study area, a large barrier island estuary (coastal lagoon with estuarine circulation), was characterized by high levels of inorganic nutrients, high turbidity and a shallow euphotic zone (<2 m). Net annual primary production by phytoplankton was high—450 g C m?2 year?1—and accounted for approximately 85% of the total ecosystem primary production. Chlorophyll a-specific productivity was dependent on mean photic zone light intensity in areas of the bay <1 m in depth from September 1979 through June 1980; 65–95% of the total light extinction in those areas was attibutable to suspended solids. Nitrogenous nutrient concentration did not limit phytoplankton productivity. Diatom and dinoflagellate cell densities varied greatly over time, while cryptomonad and chlorophyte species were abundant throughtout the year. Chlorophytes of 2–4 μm (‘small forms’) were numerically dominant, and contributed approximately half of the total phytoplankton biomass. Dilution of bay water by intruding ocean water appeared to control the spatial distribution of chlorophyll a on the south side of the bay; in other areas, growth appeared to exceed the rate of dilution by flushing. Waters entrained in eelgrass beds were significantly higher in salinity and mean photic zone light intensity, and had lower phytoplankton standing stock and depth-integrated primary production than control areas; waters in the sediment plume of active clamdigging boats were statistically similar to control areas with respect to water quality and phytoplankton community characteristics. 相似文献