共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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本文采用油粒子模式,在模拟潮流的基础上分别预测了青岛港溢油油膜在静风,冬、夏主频风和不利风向4种情况下的动态漂移过程.通过对油膜运动漂移过程的模拟,具体分析了溢油发生后对周边的敏感目标产生的影响,从而为应急计划的制定提供一定的导向作用. 相似文献
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利用MIKE21水动力模型对徐圩港区附近海域进行潮流数值模拟,并利用实测资料对模型计算的潮位、流速及流向进行验证。验证结果显示:数模结果与实测值吻合较好。该潮流数学模型可以反映研究海域水动力特性,并作为溢油模块的水动力基础数据。基于欧拉-拉格朗日"油粒子"理论考虑油膜运动过程中扩散、蒸发、乳化等过程,建立了徐圩港区邻近海域二维溢油扩散模型,模拟不同潮时情况下发生溢油,考虑不同风况(夏季常风向、冬季常风向和最不利风向),分析不同情况下的溢油油膜漂移路径、漂移路程及扫海面积。结果表明:72 h内油膜最大扫海面积及漂移路程均出现在落潮期最不利风时溢油,分别为28.2 km2和25.8 km。在夏季常风和最不利风的落潮期发生溢油,油膜会经过口门飘向西北侧海域,对该区域生态环境会造成一定影响。 相似文献
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本文应用水动力模型及溢油模块对代表性风况下钦州湾金鼓江的溢油事故进行情景模拟,且水动力模型结果与实测潮位和实测潮流吻合较好。低潮时发生溢油,不同风况下油粒子在5.5-8.5h后漂到金鼓江上游养殖区。高潮时发生溢油,油粒子在不同风况下漂移轨迹差别较大,例如无风时油粒子在钦州湾颈和三墩外海附近往复运动,而南风3.3m/s工况下油粒子将最终影响大榄坪港区的东南端。另外,高风速下不利风向会缩减油膜抵达敏感区的时间,同时风速越大,蒸发越快。因此风场对溢油模型有重要意义,今后将在精细化WRF模型基础上优化溢油模型并构建溢油决策系统,为地方经济发展和海洋环境保护提供科技支撑。 相似文献
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渤海溢油三维漂移数值模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
国家海洋局北海预报中心于2011年开发了渤海三维溢油模型,该模型在分析国内外溢油模型现状的基础上,借鉴当今流行的数值模拟方法,使用油粒子模型与油膜扩展模型相结合的方式,用拉格朗日方法追踪每个带有一定油量的油粒子的轨迹,针对每一个油粒子则使用油膜扩展理论计算其油膜扩展过程。该模型可实现对溢油油污上升及水平输运过程、海表面油污浓度的预报,通过三组理想试验和2012年的海上溢油实验数据,对模型的各项功能、稳定性及模型精度进行了对比验证,结果较好,模型可实现对渤海海域海底或水下发生溢油的数值模拟。该模型解决了以往二维溢油模型在模拟钻井平台及海底输油管道泄漏等溢油事故方面的不足,可更好地为溢油灾害对海洋环境影响的估计提供有效参考信息。 相似文献
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The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
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We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
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We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
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Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
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I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
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Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
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The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献