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1.
2010—2012年对青岛汇泉湾海滨浴场区2站点的浮游植物及环境因子进行67周次连续监测,共检出浮游植物53属94种,细胞总丰度的变化范围为7.19~272.35个/mL,均值为46.74个/mL,硅藻在细胞总丰度中的比例平均达70.34%,主要优势种有骨条藻、角毛藻、菱形藻、新月筒柱藻和舟形藻。调查期内,共检到3次硅藻的赤潮,未检到营养盐发生限制的现象。周年的统计分析显示,调查区浮游植物群落中的羽纹硅藻类与营养盐呈显著的相关关系(P0.05)。在浴场开放期,Chl-a质量浓度均值达7.26mg/L,为全年最高,浮游植物群落以羽纹硅藻类最占优势,并且Chl-a与羽纹硅藻丰度呈现极显著的正相关(P0.01)。特别对羽纹硅藻在开放期占优势可能引发的不利影响作了探讨,并建议在今后监测和评价该类休闲水域时,应对此给予重视。 相似文献
2.
浙江舟山群岛邻近海域微,小型浮游植物与赤潮生物研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
报道了舟山群岛邻近海域未发生赤潮与发生赤潮时的微、小型浮游植物组成、数量分布、赤潮生物种类与环境的关系。舟山群岛邻近海域共有浮游植物 1 69种 ,其中赤潮生物为 59种。赤潮发生时比未发生赤潮时水域的浮游植物密度高 1 0～ 1 0 0个 /dm3,浮游植物密度与硅酸盐、硝酸盐浓度成负相关 ,与溶解氧和透明度成正相关。平均浮游植物密度 :春季表层水样为4.5× 1 0 4 个 /dm3,底层水样为 5.2× 1 0 3个 /dm3,网样为 2 .7× 1 0 5个 /m3;秋季网样为 3.7× 1 0 6个 /m3。表层水样的赤潮生物优势种 :春季为微型的三鳍原甲藻 ,平均细胞密度为 3.3× 1 0 5个/dm3,占总细胞密度的 77.2 % ;秋季为微型的中肋骨条藻 ,平均密度为 2 .7× 1 0 3个 /dm3,占总细胞密度的 72 .2 %。三鳍原甲藻、海洋原甲藻、夜光藻等为浙江舟山群岛邻近海域常见的有害赤潮生物。 相似文献
3.
2006年秋季长江口及其邻近水域浮游植物群集 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2006年11月在长江口及其邻近水域(30°30′N～32°30′N,121°E～123°30′E)39个测站采集的浮游植物水样研究了该水域浮游植物群集特征。调查区浮游植物以硅藻和甲藻为主,此外还有少量的金藻、蓝藻和绿藻。浮游植物细胞丰度介于0.13～59.69个/mL之间,平均为4.39个/mL,主要优势物种为圆海链藻Thalassiosira rotula和骨条藻Skeletonema spp.,调查区两个细胞丰度密集区分别出现在靠近口门以及外海水域。浮游植物细胞在20m层出现最大值。调查区两个典型断面的浮游植物分布特征分别由骨条藻和圆海链藻所刻画。固氮蓝藻铁氏束毛藻Trichodesmium thiebautii主要出现在调查区东部水域表层。根据浮游植物物种和细胞丰度进行聚类分析后,发现存在调查区东部与近岸2个浮游植物分区。 相似文献
4.
据2007年春季在南海西北部陆架区海域进行的网采浮游植物调查数据,分析了浮游植物群落的结构特征．此次共鉴定出浮游植物4门318种,其中硅藻类183种,甲藻类128种,蓝藻类5种,金藻类2种．大部分海域浮游植物种类数在40～70种之间,外海区域的种类数稍高于沿岸．浮游植物密度的变化范围为0．22×10。～3683．85×10。eells／m’,平均值（标准偏差）为97．49×10。（±437．38×10。）cel｜s／m。．其高值区主要位于粤西近岸海域,向外海呈递减趋势．调查海域硅藻类的平均密度（标准偏差）最高,为93．82×10。（±434．34×10。）cells／m’;甲藻类的次之,为3．65×10。（±9．08×10。）cells／m’．浮游植物优势种主要有拟旋链角毛藻（Chaetocerospseudocurvisetus）、细弱海链藻（Thalassiosirasubtilis）、中肋骨条藻（Skeletonemacostatum）、劳氏角毛藻（Chaetocerosloren—zianus）和菱形海线藻（Thalassionemanitzschioides）．该调查海域浮游植物多样性指数的变化范围为1．48～6．23,平均值（标准偏差）为4．70（±1．03）,其分布趋势与浮游植物密度的分布趋势大致相反．将站位依等深线划分为粤西近岸海区、琼东南近岸海区和外海海区,应用非度量多维标度（nMDS）和聚类分析法分析这3个海区的浮游植物群落结构差异,并通过ANOSIM和SIMPER进行检验．结果表明3个海区之间浮游植物群落结构具有显著性差异,且粤西近岸海区与外海海区之间差异性较高．近岸种拟旋链角毛藻和中肋骨条藻在粤西近岸海区为最主要的优势种,而外海海区优势种较多,且大部分为大洋暖水性种类． 相似文献
5.
福建沿岸不同海区夏季浮游植物的组成与分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
结合福建省“908专项”，于2006年7～8月对福建省沿岸海域水采浮游植物的种属组成、数量分布、生物量进行了大面积科学调查．结果表明，福建沿岸海域浮游植物隶属于6门57属127种，其中硅藻47属107种，甲藻5属15种，蓝藻1属1种，金藻2属2种，隐藻1属1种，裸藻1属1种．硅藻类在种类和数量上均占主导地位，优势种主要是柔弱伪菱形藻（Pseudo—nitzschia delicatissima）、中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、旋链角毛藻（Chaetoceros curvisetus）、菱形海线藻（Thalassionema nitzschioides）等．硅藻类广布，甲藻类在闽东海域及东山沿岸分布较多，蓝藻类检出率降低，裸藻类和金藻类检出率增高．表层浮游植物平均细胞密度为3222．59×10^4ind／dm^3，数量分布态势为近岸高、外海低，阂东和闽南高、闽中低．叶绿素a及优势类群的分布与数量分布基本一致．福建沿岸海域赤潮生物种类较多，是引发赤潮的潜在生物因素，一些赤潮生物已在闽南、闽东沿岸局部海域成为优势种． 相似文献
6.
胶州湾浮动弯角藻赤潮生消过程 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
根据 1 999年 6月中旬胶州湾东北部养殖水域浮动弯角藻 (Eucampia zoodiacus)赤潮的监测资料 ,分析讨论了赤潮生消动态过程中浮游植物种类组成、密度、Chl.a及水文化学要素的变化特征。结果表明 ,本次赤潮高峰持续时间为 3天 ,面积约为 1 5 km2 ,赤潮原因种为浮动弯角藻 ,密度变化范围为 5 2× 1 0 6— 1 0 2 8× 1 0 6个 /m3 ,Chl.a变化范围为 1 .5 3—3 2 .2 8mg/m3 ,浮游植物密度变化范围为 4.0× 1 0 6— 7.7× 1 0 8个 /m3 ,赤潮过程中浮游植物种类组成更替明显 ;水文化学等要素亦有较大变化 ,海水呈棕褐色 ,透明度范围为 0 .1— 0 .3 m,温度范围为 2 0 .4— 2 4 .8℃ ,盐度范围为 2 9.4— 3 2 .9,DO、COD均出现异常增高现象 ,营养盐含量有不同程度下降 ,其中铵态氮、磷酸盐、硅酸盐降幅明显 ,成为后期限制赤潮种生长、繁殖的重要因素 ,导致赤潮逐步走向消亡 相似文献
7.
黄海冷水团邻近海域浮游植物的昼夜垂直变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
于2006-10-19~20日在黄海南部海域进行定点(123°30′E,33°00′N)采样观测,用Uterm hl方法分析了浮游植物群集的垂直分布时间序列变化。研究结果表明:铁氏束毛藻(Trichodesmium thiebautiiGomont)为最优势种,其他优势种依次为具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata(Ehrenberg)Cleve)、圆海链藻(Thalassiosira rotula Meunier)、菱形海线藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides Grunow)和佛氏海线藻(Thalassionema frauenfeldii Grunow)。硅藻在物种丰富度上占优势。调查期浮游植物细胞丰度介于(1.111~2 042.889)cells mL-1,平均值为192.756 cells mL-1。浮游植物细胞丰度垂直分布特征是表层水体最高,10m层迅速降低,底层最低。浮游植物细胞丰度随时间具有一定的波动,10月19日12:00和10月20日0:00在表、底层水体各出现2个细胞丰度峰值,10 m层的2个峰值比表、底层均滞后3 h。调查期浮游植物群集各层差异明显。 相似文献
8.
赤潮多发区塔玛亚历山大藻的麻痹性贝毒预警值研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以厦门西海域养殖的翡翠贻贝为实验对象,在实验室内对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense(Lebour)Balech)采用单种培养技术,运用“麻痹性贝毒小白鼠生物检测法”进行毒性实验,研究了塔玛亚历山大藻对翡翠贻贝的麻痹性贝毒的毒力,藻密度为1×105个/dm3时,白鼠未死亡;藻密度为1×106个/dm3时,白鼠发生死亡.厦门西海域近年来暴发的赤潮一般起始于局部海区无害硅藻类浮游植物,在生态环境恶化下,硅藻类赤潮在生存竞争中消退,最终暴发有害赤潮.以试验结果为依据,根据厦门海域实际情况,参考各国贝毒临界值行动标准,提出适合南方赤潮多发区塔玛亚历山大藻的麻痹性贝毒藻密度预警值为1×105个/dm3. 相似文献
9.
研究了2010年冬季胶州湾23个大面站浮游植物的群落结构特征。共检出浮游植物5门44属69种,平均细胞丰度为222.8 cells/mL,其中硅藻在物种数量和细胞丰度上占绝对优势。主要优势种为柔弱几内亚藻Guinardia delicatula、扭链角毛藻Chaetoceros tortissimus、诺氏海链藻Thalassiosira nordenski?ldii和尖刺伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens。调查期内浮游植物表层细胞丰度的平面分布趋势为北部高于南部,垂直分布则为各水层之间细胞丰度相差不大。表层浮游植物的Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数的分布显示胶州湾东南至湾口海域浮游植物群落更加均匀稳定。与环境因子的相关分析表明浮游植物细胞丰度与铵盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硅酸盐呈显著的正相关。 相似文献
10.
2001年7月-2002年7月对粤东赤潮重灾区柘林湾进行的浮游植物周年调查表明,柘林湾共有浮游植物68属183种.其中硅藻为最优势类群,共51属143种,占总种数的 77.8%;甲藻11属34种;其它浮游植物类群6属6种.调查海区浮游植物群落的种类丰富度、细胞密度、生物多样性和均匀度的平面分布均表现为湾外高于湾内和湾内外侧高于湾内内侧的基本格局,但黄冈河河内浮游植物群落的构成却呈现种类少而密度高的特点.调查期间浮游植物的总细胞数年均值为16.9×104cells/L,周年变动模式为双峰型(高峰位于8月和4月).与上一个周年调查(2000年5月-2001年5月)的总细胞数年均值(36.0×104cells/L)和单峰型周年变动模式(最高峰位于7月)相比,差异较大.这可能是2001-2002年厄尔尼诺现象导致粤东地区气候异常、干旱少雨,以及调查海区无机磷剧减45%所致.中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)为该湾的全年优势种,在群落总细胞数中的百分比年均值从上一年度的58.7%上升至本年度的71.0%,导致Shannon-Wiener多样性指数从上一年度的1.91减少至本年度的1.75.中肋骨条藻的绝对占优已在很大程度上改变了该湾浮游植物的群落结构,并使中肋骨条藻赤潮的发生机率大大增加.陆源排污、大规模增养殖业和水体交换对柘林湾高营养盐低浮游植物密度及浮游植物群落的时空分布具最重要的影响. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献