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1.
根据2006-07—2007-10南黄海海域4个季节的综合调查,分析了颗粒物(TSP)、总碳、氮、磷、钠、钙和镁等化学要素的季节变化,初步探讨了影响各参数季节变化的原因及其来源。结果显示各要素分布具有明显的季节变化规律,且不同要素分布特征不同。TSP的平均浓度为春季最高、夏季最低;总碳、钠和钙的平均浓度为冬季最高、夏季最低;硝酸盐的平均浓度为春季冬季夏季秋季,磷酸盐则为夏季秋季春季冬季;镁的平均浓度表现为秋季春季夏季冬季。TSP、总碳、氮均呈现离岸近处浓度高的趋势,特别是山东半岛南部海区以及长江口北部海区。与北黄海相比,研究区域内TSP和总碳的季节变化规律相似,但浓度普遍低于前者;硝酸盐浓度略高于前者,而磷酸盐则差异不大。大气颗粒物中氮:磷大于16:1,这可能是造成南黄海潜在磷限制的重要因素。钙主要来自陆源,镁在夏季陆源与海源相当,其他季节主要来自海源。日益增强的人类活动及其影响下的陆-海物质交换是影响南黄海大气颗粒物含量及分布的重要因素。  相似文献   

2.
根据2013—2016年春季(5月)长江口及其邻近海域4个航次环境综合调查数据,探讨春季长江口水体颗粒有机碳(POC)时空分布特征及其环境影响因素。结果显示:2013—2016年春季长江口POC浓度范围为0.22~16.99 mg/L,均值为1.80 mg/L,总水域POC年际间变化显著,底层浓度高于表层。从口门区、近岸区和近海区三个子水域来看,除近岸底层POC浓度处于高值,年际差异不显著之外,其余水域的表、底层均存在空间变异和年际差异。POC浓度在口门附近偏南部水域达到高值,后沿长江冲淡水(CDW)方向降低,低值区位于近海底层,但表层POC在近海水域123°E附近出现次高值。POC浓度与盐度之间具有显著负相关关系,且相关性逐年递减;POC浓度与总悬浮物浓度(TSM)呈显著正相关,底层相关性高于表层;近海区表层POC与叶绿素a正相关关系极显著,二者高值区均分布在123°E附近。入海径流量与长江口春季POC浓度呈现出截然相反的年际变化趋势,径流对有机碳的稀释作用高于其输入作用。长江口春季POC主要以碎屑源为主,其分布与有机碳源、海水的稀释作用、悬浮物运动等多种因素有关,高浊水体中悬浮物影响显著,陆源有机碳对POC的影响在长江口近海水域有所弱化,而浮游植物对POC的贡献凸显。  相似文献   

3.
根据2015年5月对长江口及其邻近海域的生态环境调查资料, 探讨长江口春季表层沉积物总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和生源硅(BSi)4类生源要素的空间分布和来源。结果表明: 2015年春季长江口表层沉积物TOC、TN、TP和BSi平均含量分别为0.315%、0.041%、0.066%和0.450%, 其中, 沉积物中TOC、TN受到陆源输入和海洋自生输入双重影响, 且海洋自生组分的贡献较大, 二者空间分布均呈现南部分布最高并沿西北方向递减趋势; TP分布主要受陆源输入影响, 并呈西北向东南递减趋势; BSi来源于生物沉积, 总体呈现南部高、北部低的分布趋势。与2007年相比, 长江口表层沉积物有机碳、氮含量降低, 东南外海区域替代浑浊区域成为表层沉积物生源要素含量最高区域, 且陆源输入对长江口表层沉积物生源要素的贡献趋于减弱。  相似文献   

4.
根据2012年2、5、8和11月长江口4个季节航次综合调查资料,分析了长江口及其邻近海域溶解有机碳(DOC)时空分布特征,探讨了DOC分布与盐度、表观耗氧量(AOU)、化学耗氧量(COD)、叶绿素a以及颗粒有机碳(POC)间的关系。结果表明,2012年长江口区DOC的浓度范围在0.53~5.21mg/L之间,均值为1.86mg/L。DOC浓度秋季最高,夏季和冬季次之,春季最低。DOC空间分布整体呈现近岸高、远岸低的格局,高值区分布在口门内和近岸水域,外海区DOC浓度随着离岸距离的增加而逐渐降低。各季节DOC空间分布略有差异。DOC与盐度、COD以及POC的相关关系较强,与AOU和叶绿素a相关性较弱。2012年长江口有机碳以DOC为主,DOC对总有机碳(TOC)的平均贡献率为55.8%,其中冬季贡献最大(59.4%),其次为秋季(59.2%)和春季(55.3%),夏季贡献率最低(49.4%)。  相似文献   

5.
长江口水域营养盐时空分布及其迁移过程   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
根据2014年长江口水域4个季节航次水体中五项营养盐(硝酸盐_-N、亚硝酸盐NO_2-N、铵盐NH4-N、磷酸盐PO_4-P和硅酸盐SiO_3-Si)的调查数据,解析长江口水域营养盐的时空分布特征,结合盐度(S)、溶解氧(DO)、温度(T)、悬浮体(SPM)和叶绿素a等环境参数,探究其迁移过程的分布行为。结果表明:NO_3-N、SiO_3-Si和PO_4-P在长江口水域的时空分布主要受长江陆源输入的影响,随长江冲淡水扩展范围的季节变化而变化,除冬季外,在122°20′E以东,主要受到温盐跃层的影响,其在31°N断面出现明显的分层现象,冬季水体垂直混合均匀,其垂直分布较为均匀。春季长江陆源输入较高浓度的NO_3-N,40μmol/L的NO_3-N随长江冲淡水向东北方向最远扩展到123°E,垂直方向上扩展至水深10 m,而秋季长江陆源输入较高浓度的SiO_3-Si和PO_4-P,其浓度分别为40μmol/L和0.6μmol/L的等值线分别向东最远扩展到123°E、123°20′E和水深20 m、50 m。受到生物吸收,硝化作用等因素影响,NO_2-N和NH_4-N的时空分布比较复杂,季节分布规律不明显,而冬季自口门向外海浓度逐渐降低,且垂直分布也相较均匀。通过盐度这一保守性指标引入理论稀释线来研究营养盐的迁移过程,结合叶绿素a和SPM的数据表明:春、夏季营养盐浓度低于理论稀释浓度可能是由于生物吸收所致,而PO_4-P在春、夏和秋季均有散点高于理论稀释浓度可能与悬浮颗粒物释放有关。  相似文献   

6.
秋季长江口水体颗粒有机碳年际变化及影响因素分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据2007—2012年长江口及其邻近海域4个航次(11月)调查资料,探讨了长江口秋季颗粒有机碳(POC)时空分布特征;结合长江口环境要素和陆源输入(径流、输沙),分析了秋季POC分布的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)2007—2012年秋季长江口POC浓度范围为0.03—16.95mg/L,均值2.30mg/L,底层POC浓度高于表层。长江口表层POC浓度存在显著的年际变化特征。(2)长江口区POC分布呈现沿长江径流入海方向降低的趋势,高值区出现在口门附近偏南部水域。口门内和近岸水域POC显著高于近海水域。口门水域POC年际间相对稳定,近岸和近海水域年际变化显著。(3)长江口POC分布与盐度呈非保守性变化,悬浮物是POC分布的主要控制因素,多数年份POC与叶绿素a相关程度较弱。(4)河口来水来沙量对POC浓度具有较强的制约性,径流的主要影响区域在口门内和近岸区,输沙的主要影响区域在最大浑浊带和长江口北部水域。(5)入海输沙量与长江口水域POC相关性最强。咸淡水交汇引起的悬浮物沉积和沉积物的再悬浮强度决定口门内水域POC浓度,浑浊度较高的近岸水体POC对陆源输入泥沙的依赖性较强,长江口外侧海域初级生产力水平成为POC浓度的重要影响因素。  相似文献   

7.
具有共生体的浮游动物胶体虫在寡营养海域的有机碳循环和硅循环过程中发挥着重要的作用,但对于胶体虫的研究较为薄弱。文章利用走航式采样和虎红染色方法,首次揭示了北印度洋—马六甲海峡—南海跨多个海域表层水中胶体虫的物种多样性、生物地理及其季节变化。研究海区胶体虫的物种数非常丰富,春季17种、冬季高达27种;北印度洋—马六甲海峡的多样性在春季普遍低于南海、但在冬季则高于南海,表明北印度洋—南海生物多样性的区域地理分布受东亚季风影响显著。胶体虫群落结构的变化也存在生物地理上的差异、且受东亚季风影响显著,如胶球虫科(Collosphaeridae)在春冬季均具绝对优势、球虫科(Sphaerozoidae)只在冬季显著增加;春季和冬季的优势种组成也有不同,表明表层水体中胶体虫的群落组成受季节变化影响显著,东亚季风影响下表层水混合增强,导致属种组成发生显著变化,进而表现出季节变化是控制研究海区胶体虫群落结构的主因。胶体虫的丰度则与区域环境密切相关,如马六甲海峡至巽他陆架春、冬季均较低,南海次之,北印度洋春、冬季都相对较高,反映出其对特定海洋环境的适应性,推测大尺度下区域的影响要高于季风变化的控制。可见,...  相似文献   

8.
根据2004年在安徽龙河口水库采得的沉积物样芯以及上游三条主要河流的流域表层样品,对其有机碳、氮、磷含量以及其他气候代用指标进行了分析。研究发现晓天河流域样品有机碳、氮含量最高,柱样中各元素含量随深度增加缓慢变小,但在50cm深度有明显峰值出现。同时对沉积物中碳-氮和氮-磷耦合关系进行了讨论,推断其物质来源以河流携带陆源植物输入为主。其含量变化受物质来源、本身生物化学作用、人类活动等影响。  相似文献   

9.
提要以长江口海域2005年4个季度的现场调查为基础,测定了不同季节表层水体中悬浮颗粒有机物的δ15N值(δ15Np),初步分析了δ15Np的时空分布特点以及表层水体中δ15Np指示水体富营养化的可行性。结果显示,长江口海域表层水体中平均δ15Np偏低,δ15Np离散程度较大,农业化肥、大气沉降对该海域氮来源贡献较大,陆源氮输入变化及氮分馏作用程度较大。δ15Np的空间分布具有季节性差异,陆源氮输入变化及氮分馏作用导致的长江口近岸海域δ15Np的季节变化是其主要原因。5月份δ15Np与DIN具有显著正相关性,一定程度上δ15Np可以指示海域氮富营养化程度。  相似文献   

10.
报道了长江口及邻近海域现代沉积物中正构烷烃的浓度及分布特征,通过因子分析法对正构烷烃来源进行了探讨.结果表明,调查站位正构烷烃主要可归纳为3种类型:陆源输入优势型(单峰群)、陆源和海洋内生混合类型(双峰群)和石油类污染类型(单峰型,不具奇偶优势).长江口邻近站位正构烷烃色谱指标的突变,是长江河口区2种不同水团造成沉积物差异的客观反映.除P4外,研究站位总正构烷烃含量(∑n-Alk)与有机碳总量(TOC)相关性良好,且长江口东南-浙江沿岸软泥区正构烷烃的陆源高等植物组分(TER-Alk)、海洋内生组分(PL-1)、奇偶碳优势指数(CPI)等指标与运移距离呈线形关系.在因子分析显示不同来源的4种正购烷烃中,以陆源烷烃输入比重最大(51.5%),在陆源烷烃中又以东海河流物质贡献最大(49.1%);根据因子负荷差异,推测东海北部沉积有机质可能多数来源于苏北沿岸及老黄河口水下三角洲,冲绳海槽区则可能大部分来源于长江及东海内陆架物质,并探讨了其运移机理.  相似文献   

11.
采用荧光显微技术,对2006年长江口及近海水域20个站点的表层及10m层或潜水体冬、春两季的浮游病毒丰度进行了检测,对浮游病毒丰度在季节(冬、春两季)、水平分布和垂直分布上的变化进行了探讨.调查区浮游病毒丰度在冬、春季节上并无明显差异,但在水平分布上存在很大差异,河口区浮游病毒直接检测量(Virus Direct Count, VDC)达到10^7个/ml,近海水域VDC为10^6个/ml,河口区的浮游病毒丰度都明显高于近海水域病毒丰度 (P<0.01).在垂直分布上,冬、春两季长江口水域水深小于10m的站位,表层浮游病毒丰度与底层病毒丰度无明显差别,水深大于10m的站位,表层水样的浮游病毒丰度都高于10m水层病毒丰度,说明长江口浮游病毒的垂直分布与站位总水深有关.还通过比较各站点VDC与叶绿素a含量的数据,分析了二者之间的相关性:冬季浮游病毒丰度与叶绿素a含量成正相关性;春季浮游病毒丰度与叶绿素a含量成负相关性,但病毒丰度受叶绿素a含量的影响仅为10%-11%.  相似文献   

12.
胶州湾东北部养殖海区环境质量状况及分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
基于2006年2月、5月、8月、11月胶州湾东北部养殖海区现场调查结果,采用单因子指数、富营养化指数、有机污染指数对环境状况进行了分析评价。结果表明:该海域主要受到无机N、P污染;COD在夏、秋季符合一类,但在冬、春季只达到国家二类海水水质标准;DO全部符合国家一类海水水质标准。通过站位间的比较发现,东北部沧口水域环境质量最差,全年处于富营养化状态,有机污染介于轻度到严重污染之间。红岛附近水质较好,不存在有机污染,只有春、秋季达到富营养化水平。研究结果显示该海域主要受陆源污染,且与现有污水处理不能有效去除无机N、P营养盐有关。  相似文献   

13.
海水碳酸盐体系参数是反映碳循环调控机理和季节性酸化过程的重要海水化学参数.本文根据2011年3月、7月、11月和12月4个不同季节航次获取的长江口海域海水碳酸盐体系参数,探讨了长江口-东海P断面溶解无机碳(DIC)和总碱度(T A)的空间分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明:内陆架区,DIC和T A的平均值均表现为:夏季<秋季<冬季<春季;垂直分布上,夏季和秋季受长江冲淡水影响出现层化现象,春季和冬季均垂直混合较均匀.东海内陆架DIC与温度和DO呈显著负相关;T A则受温度和DO变化影响较小,与盐度呈正相关.结合2011年东海外陆架的PN断面数据分析,DIC和pH分别与表观耗氧量(AOU)呈显著正相关和负相关,东海外陆架的pH/AOU的斜率为-0.0027 pH/(μmol·kg-1);而内陆架区的pH/AOU的斜率为-0.0018 pH/(μmol·kg-1),低于黑潮次表层水中pH/AOU的斜率.东海内陆架区由于存在季节性的通风作用以及较强的海水碳酸盐体系缓冲能力,底层水体中因有机质耗氧降解导致的季节性酸化信号在一定程度上得到了缓解.  相似文献   

14.
Sediment and water column data from four sites in North, Central and South San Francisco Bays were collected monthly from November 1999 through November 2001 to investigate the seasonal variation of benthic organic matter and chlorophyll in channel sediments, the composition and quality of sediment organic matter (SOM), and the relationship between seasonal patterns in benthic organic matter and patterns in water column chlorophyll. Water column chlorophyll peaked in the spring of 2000 and 2001, characteristic of other studies of San Francisco Bay phytoplankton dynamics, however an unusual chlorophyll peak occurred in fall 2000. Cross-correlation analysis revealed that water column chlorophyll at these four channel sites lead sediment parameters by an average of 2 to 3 months. Sediment organic matter levels in the San Francisco Bay channel showed seasonal cycles that followed patterns of water column production: peaks in water column chlorophyll were followed by later peaks in sediment chlorophyll and organic matter. Cyclical, seasonal variations also occurred in sediment organic matter parameters with sediment total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) being highest in spring and lowest in winter, and sediment amino acids being highest in spring and summer and lowest in winter. Sediment chlorophyll, total organic carbon, and nitrogen were generally positively correlated with each other. Sediment organic matter levels were lowest in North Bay, intermediate in Central Bay, and highest in South Bay. C:N ratio and the ratio of enzyme hydrolyzable amino acids to TOC (EHAA:TOC) data suggest that SOM quality is more labile in Central and northern South Bay, and more refractory in North Bay and southern South Bay.  相似文献   

15.
厦门海域分粒级叶绿素a含量的分布特征   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
据2002年12月至2004年2月间厦门海域6个航次分粒级叶绿素a含量的调 查资料,研究了该海域分粒级浮游植物叶绿素a含量的分布特征及其控制因子.结果 表明:厦门海域叶绿素a含量平均值为5.36mg/m3,各调查月份中,8月份的含量最 高(13.6mg/m3),5月的次之(5.33mg/m3),12、2月的含量较低.叶绿素a含量的水 平分布在冬季时较为均匀;春、夏季在宝珠屿海域出现最高值(33.28mg/m3),九龙江 口外出现次高值(13.84mg/m3).厦门海域全年以微型浮游植物占优势,小型浮游植 物在夏季高生物量时占比较高(41.O%),微微型浮游植物所占比例较小(年平均值 为9.7%).冬季低温是浮游植物生长的主要限制因子,春、夏季随着温度升高,营养 盐的缺乏限制了浮游植物的生长.  相似文献   

16.
Land/ocean boundaries constitute complex systems with active physical and biogeochemical processes that affect the global carbon cycle. An example of such a system is the mesotidal lagoon named Ria de Aveiro (Portugal, 40°38′N, 08°45′W), which is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by a single channel, 350 m wide. The objective of this study was to estimate the seasonal and inter-tidal variability of organic carbon fluxes between the coastal lagoon and the Ocean, and to assess the contribution of the organic carbon fractions (i.e. dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC)) to the export of organic carbon to the Ria de Aveiro plume zone. The organic carbon fractions fluxes were estimated as the product of the appropriate fractional organic carbon concentrations and the water fluxes calculated by a two-dimensional vertically integrated hydrodynamic model (2DH). Results showed that the higher exchanges of DOC and POC fractions at the system cross-section occurred during spring tides but only resulted in a net export of organic carbon in winter, totalling 85 t per tidal cycle. Derived from the winter and summer campaigns, the annual carbon mass balance estimated corresponded to a net export of organic carbon (7957 = 6585 t yr−1 POC + 1372 t yr−1 DOC). On the basis of the spring tidal drainage area, it corresponds to an annual flux of 79 g m−2 of POC and 17 g m−2 of DOC out of the estuary.  相似文献   

17.
The characteristics of seasonal variations of water temperature, salinity and density in the upper, middle and lower layers in Osaka Bay are described. Osaka Bay is considered to be an estuary, because the weak mixed state appears in spring and summer and the moderate mixed state in autumn and winter. Osaka Bay is divided into three areas, the eastern shallow area that has a large amplitude of seasonal variation of water temperature and low average salinity, the southwestern deep area which has small amplitude of seasonal variation of water temperature and high average salinity, and the northwestern deep area, which has small amplitude of seasonal variation of water temperature and low average salinity.  相似文献   

18.
长江口邻近海域海水pH的季节变化及其影响因素   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于对2015—2016年长江口邻近海域现场调查数据的分析,探讨了其海水pH的季节变化和影响因素。结果表明:长江口邻近海域四季pH在7.76—8.32之间,其中夏季最高,秋季最低;夏季具有明显的分层现象,冬季水体pH垂直分布相对均一。长江冲淡水对长江口邻近海域水体pH的影响是局域性的。浮游植物光合作用是影响春、夏、秋季海水pH区域分布的重要过程。春、冬季节表层海水pH分布受海-气界面CO2交换的影响较大。温度、生物作用及长江冲淡水扩展是导致长江口邻近海域表层海水pH季节变化的主要因素。  相似文献   

19.
Concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese, molybdenum, copper, and organic carbon (DOC) were measured in the pore waters from surficial sediments of a temperate estuary to delineate seasonal metal remobilization from 1978 through 1980. Iron and DOC data were collected for 31 months and covaried inversely and exponentially. Iron dissolution occurred during the spring and during periods of active bioturbation with concentrations as high as 18 mg 1?1. Iron values were low during winter due to oxidation to ferric oxides. The lack of active bioturbation during the summer of 1978 allowed for the nearly complete removal of iron as a monosulfide precipitate. However, bioturbation resumed during the summer of 1979 and 1980 and dissolved iron concentrations as high as 10 mg 1?1 were observed at those times. The iron and DOC data were a qualitative measure of bioturbation activity. Dissolved manganese, molybdenum, and copper data were collected for 18 months during 1978 and 1979. All three metals displayed spring maxima covariate with iron, suggesting that they behaved chemically like iron and/or were associated with iron- or manganese-rich phases during this time of the year. In general, manganese and molybdenum varied temporally with iron while copper concentrations mimicked iron variations only during the spring.  相似文献   

20.
The dynamics of benthic primary production and community respiration in a shallow oligotrophic, marine lagoon (Fællestrand, Denmark) was followed for 1·5 years. The shape of the annual primary production cycle was explained primarily by seasonal changes in temperature (r2 = 0·67-0·72) and daylength (r2 = 0·63), whereas temperature almost explained all variation in benthic community respiration (r2 = 0·83-0·87). On a daily basis the benthic system was autotrophic during spring and summer supplied by 'new' and 'regenerated' nitrogen and predominantly heterotrophic during fall and winter caused by light and nutrient limitation. The linear depth-relationship between porewater alkalinity and ammonium indicated that the C:N ratio of mineralized organic matter is low in spring and summer (3-6) and high in fall and winter (9-16). This is inversely related to net primary production and thus the input of labile, nitrogen-rich algal cells. Accordingly, mineralization occurred predominantly in the upper 2-5 cm of the sediment. The pool of reactive material (microalgal cells) was estimated to account for 12% of total organic carbon in the upper 3 cm, and had an average turnover time of less than 1 month in summer. Assimilation of organic carbon by benthic animals was equivalent to about 30% of the annual gross primary production. Grazing reduced chlorophyll a concentration in the sediment during summer and spring to values 30-40% lower than in winter, but maintained a 3-4 times higher specific microalgal productivity. The rapid turnover of organic carbon and nitrogen, and important role of benthic microalgae showed that the benthic community in this oligotrophic lagoon is of a very dynamic nature.  相似文献   

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