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1.
福建太平洋牡蛎种群微卫星DNA分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文采用Ucdcg153、157、202微卫星引物对福建两个太平洋牡蛎(学名为长牡蛎Crassostrea gigas)养殖种群进行扩增分析和序列测定.与采自漳浦旧镇的近江牡蛎(C. ariakensis)比较,前者对以上三种引物全部呈阳性反应,后者只对Ucdcg157显阳性.与Genebank提供的相关序列比较,福建太平洋牡蛎与Genebank样品应属同源,其中漳浦霞美和厦门白礁的样品则可能代表同一种群的两个衍生品系.本项调查结果同时显示,近亲繁殖的育苗方式已经导致福建太平洋牡蛎种群裂化;任其发展不利于维护良种优势.本次采集的样品中未发现显示葡萄牙牡蛎、熊本牡蛎和美洲牡蛎微卫星特征的个体. 相似文献
2.
采用磁珠富集法及利用生物素标记的(CA)15寡核苷酸探针从波纹唇鱼(Cheilinus undulatus)基因组DNA Bsp143Ⅰ酶切位点的400~1000 bp片段中筛选CA/GT微卫星位点。洗脱的杂交片段克隆到PMD18-T载体上构建富集微卫星基因组文库后,通过PCR筛选出阳性克隆进行测序。在120条序列中有88条序列包含有重复次数不少于5次的微卫星位点,阳性序列比例达到73.33%。其中完美型(perfect)类型微卫星最多的重复次数为26次。在88条非冗长序列中,共有28条(31.82%)微卫星重复序列两端有侧翼序列能够进行引物设计。用波纹唇鱼3个个体的混合基因进行引物筛选,其中的24对具有清晰的扩增条带。将筛选的24对引物对波纹唇鱼1个群体的39个个体进行遗传多样性分析,其中4对引物扩增产物为单态,20对扩增产物呈多态性;20对扩增多态的引物在39个个体中扩增出等位基因数为2~12,平均有效等位基因数为3.5。该波纹唇鱼群体的PIC、Ho、He的平均值分别为0.0782、0.8513、0.5667。这20个微卫星位点适于波纹唇鱼群体遗传结构的研究分析。 相似文献
3.
利用生物信息学方法,从龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)公共核苷酸数据库中筛查到8条含有微卫星DNA的序列,并根据筛查出的微卫星DNA序列设计合成了5对引物,此外还使用了细江蓠的4对已知微卫星DNA引物共9对引物在采集自青岛的26株野生龙须菜个体中进行扩增,结果筛选到2对引物可扩增出具有多态性的产物.然后利用5对龙须菜的微卫星引物对6个龙须菜品系和另外2个种外物种细基江蓠和菊花心江蓠进行系统学分析.根据计算得到的不同样品之间Nei氏遗传相似系数进行聚类分析,显示青岛野生龙须菜QD与栽培品系981、石岛的龙须菜样品SD与龙须岛的龙须菜样品LD之间的遗传相似系数最高,而来自委内瑞拉的龙须菜样品LV与青岛野生龙须菜之间的差异远远高于种内水平的差异. 相似文献
4.
采用FIASCO (Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences Containing repeats)技术和磁珠富集方法开发拟穴青蟹微卫星位点.结果表明,400bp以下长度的序列含微卫星的概率超过400bp以上长度的序列;从二碱基重复类型到五碱基重复类型,完美型微卫星的概率在增加.利用设计的28对引物扩增一个供试群体,其中12对引物能稳定扩增且片段大小基本符合理论长度,10个微卫星位点表现出高度多态性,9个微卫星位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P＜0.05),两组两两位点间存在连锁不平衡现象(P＜0.0042,经Bonferroni法校正).Micro-Checker分析揭示其中的5个微卫星位点可能存在无效等位基因.排除混合微卫星位点的引物对以及扩增位点PIC值在0.5以下的引物对,8对引物能用于拟穴青蟹群体遗传学等研究. 相似文献
5.
长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)微卫星克隆快速分离及特性分析 总被引：22，自引：2，他引：22
采用磁珠杂交选择和PCR筛选法，从长牡蛎DNA选择片段文库中，快速分离含有微卫星序列的阳性克隆。结果表明，在筛选的200个白色菌落中，56个克隆含有重复次数5以上的微卫星序列，其中41个(20．5％)有随机侧翼区，可以进行引物设计，12个缺乏足够的侧翼序列，3个为中断的微卫星序列。此外，还获得两个小卫星克隆。在获得的微卫星序列中，完全的占54．7％，不完全的占20．8％，复合的占24．5％。除探针中使用的CA重复单元外，还观察到CT、ACT、CGCA、CACT、GACT、GCAC、CCTTA和CCTCA的重复序列。微卫星重复次数主要集中在5-30次之间，占71．7％，最高为60次。本研究中构建的长牡蛎(CA)n富集微卫星文库将为以后开发未知微卫星标记提供帮助。 相似文献
6.
采用磁珠富集法,利用生物素标记的(GT)15寡核苷酸探针从三疣梭子蟹基因组DNA的Sau3A1酶切的500-1000bp片段中筛选微卫星序列.洗脱的杂交片段克隆到PMD18-T载体上构建富集微卫星基因组文库后,通过PCR筛选检测出阳性克隆进行测序.在56条测序序列中有49条非冗余序列包含有重复次数不少于5次的微卫星位点,阳性序列比例达到87.5%.其中perfect类型微卫星最大的重复次数为47次.在47条非冗余序列中,共有40条(85.1%)微卫星重复序列两端有侧翼序列能够进行引物设计.本研究中筛选的微卫星位点将为下一步的三疣梭子蟹种群遗传结构分析、经济性状的QTL定位提供遗传标记. 相似文献
7.
条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)dbEST中筛选微卫星位点及引物种间转移扩增 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用电子查询的方法，借助Blast软件从条斑紫菜表达序列标签数据库的20979条序列中筛选微卫星位点，共发现非冗余微卫星位点211个，占整个条斑紫菜EST数据库的1．01％。其中双碱基重复微卫星位点共有35个，占查找微卫星序列总数的16．6％；三碱基微卫星有176个，占83．4％。双碱基重复微卫星中AG／CT形式最多，而三碱基中GGC／GCC最多。从筛选出的微卫星位点中选取序列设计合成引物，用在坛紫菜上进行引物种间转移扩增研究。在总共15对引物中有13对引物在两个种间都有扩增产物。结果表明，微卫星位点在这两种紫菜之间具有很高的同源性。获得的微卫星引物可用来进行种群遗传多样性研究、谱系鉴定和遗传图谱的构建。而微卫星标记的共显性可用来进行紫菜二倍体丝状体纯合性检验，为纯系紫菜品系的鉴定提供分子生物学鉴定方法。 相似文献
8.
利用微卫星查找软件对现已公布的6632条刺参ESTs的数据库中2—6个碱基重复单元组成的简单序列重复进行筛选,进而对其微卫星的丰度和分布进行比较研究。共发现微卫星序列416个,占整个ESTs数据库的6.48%;其中含双碱基重复序列146个,数量最多,占ESTs数据库中发现微卫星序列总数的65.86%;三、四、五、六碱基重复序列分别占微卫星序列总数的26.68%、1.68%、0.24%、5.53%。对含有SSR位点符合微卫星引物设计的EST序列利用Primer软件结合人工方法设计合成引物21对,其中13对有扩增产物且均为多态位点。扩增产物变性聚丙烯酰胺胶电泳,统计每个微卫星标记等位基因数目,计算等位基因频率、观测杂合度、期望杂合度等统计学指标的评价。结果表明,在13个微卫星位点上,等位基因的数目从3到8不等,等位基因长度从175—382bp,观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.158—0.650和0.198—0.841,所筛选微卫星标记可于遗传分析。 相似文献
9.
采用磁珠富集法,利用生物素标记的(GT)15寡核苷酸探针从泥蚶基因组DNASau3A1酶切的500—1000bp片段中筛选GT/CA微卫星位点。洗脱的杂交片段克隆到PMD18-T载体上构建富集微卫星基因组文库后,通过PCR筛选检测出阳性克隆进行测序。在139条序列中有115条序列包含有重复次数不少于5次的微卫星位点,阳性序列比例达到82.7%。其中perfect类型微卫星最大的重复次数为35次。在112条非冗余序列中,共有100条(88.5%)微卫星重复序列两端有侧翼序列能够进行引物设计。 相似文献
10.
微卫星的发展主要受限于微卫星及其旁侧特异引物区的分离,在中国明对虾(Fenner-openaeus chinensis)中建立了选择性扩增多态微卫星位点(SAMPL,selective amplified mic-rosatellite polymorphic loci)技术体系,并初步尝试了基于SAMPL的一种微卫星筛选方法。通过5′端锚定引物引入微卫星序列,对传统SAMPL技术加以改进并以期富集简单重复序列。从测序胶上随机选择5条SAMPL条带(分别命名为S11,S13,S14,S22,S24)克隆测序,大小分别为161,157,147,152,298。其中S11,S13,S14,S22四个片段两端引物分别为AFLP选择性引物和SAMPL引物,S13和S22含微卫星序列重复,S24两端引物均为传统的AFLP引物,在此片断中有一(AG)39重复。 相似文献
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12.
2004年7~8月,利用诱导的1龄四倍体太平洋牡蛎做亲本,通过解剖取卵、人工受精的方法进行四倍体的自群繁殖。结果表明四倍体太平洋牡蛎自群繁殖的受精率为95.54%,孵化率为37.38%,采用同一雌体四倍体牡蛎与二倍体雄贝杂交产生的三倍体组(TD)的受精率为85.19%,孵化率为99.9%,而以二倍体做母本、四倍体做父本的杂交组(DT)的受精率为98.73%,孵化率为87.63%,二倍体对照组的受精率为96.39%,孵化率为99.9%。四倍体牡蛎经自群繁殖培育出稚贝1130粒。经流式细胞仪分析,四倍体太平洋牡蛎幼虫和稚贝的四倍体率均达到100%。幼虫培育过程中,从孵化出D-形幼虫到出现眼点,幼虫的成活率达11.86%,眼点幼虫的变态率高达16.1%。实验证明四倍体太平洋牡蛎可以进行自群繁殖,比诱导的方法简单高效。 相似文献
13.
Chaeturichthys stigmatias and Amblychaeturichthys hexanema belong to the family Gobiidae, which are offshore warm fish species and widely distribute in the western Pacific Ocean. In this study, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) sequences and 12 S ribosomal RNA(12 S rRNA) sequences were used to analyze the interspecific differences between the two species. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the interspecific distance was significantly higher than the intraspecific genetic distance. The Neighbor-Joining tree showed two separate clusters, without sharing haplotype. The mitochondrial genome sequence of C. stigmatias was also reported. This genome was 17 134 bp in size, with a high A+T content of 55.9%. The phylogenetic analysis based on the tandem 13 coding protein genes nucleotide sequences indicated that C. stigmatias showed a close relationship with A. hexanema. This study can provide the basic genetic data for two species and will help for constructing the phylogeny of the Gobiiade. 相似文献
14.
Md. Nurul Haider Masahiko Nishimura Minoru Ijichi Ching-chia Yang Wataru Iwasaki Kazuhiro Kogure 《Journal of Oceanography》2018,74(2):197-207
Habitability is defined as an ability of an organism to inhabit different environments. Habitability of organisms, however, cannot be inferred from analyses such as a whole genome or community structures. A recently developed database, the MetaMetaDB, gives us information from what kind of environments one particular 16S rRNA sequence data has ever been obtained, and thus enables us to infer the habitability of the bacterium in question. In order to check the applicability of this database to study the habitability of aquatic bacteria, samples collected at two Naka River stations, one estuarine station from Naka River Estuary, two coastal stations at Oarai in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan and one station in the Kuroshio Current of the western North Pacific were examined. The phylotypes were tracked against the MetaMetaDB and it was reasonably found that the low-salinity stations were dominated by sequences with “freshwater and groundwater”, “human” and “wastewater” habitat identities, while the high-salinity stations were dominated by those with a “marine” identity. The phylotypes of low-salinity stations with a particular habitat identity were absent or rare in the high-salinity stations and vice versa. The MetaMetaDB also showed that sequences of Cyanobacteria or related phylogenetic groups may be present in the human gut, as well as the probable distribution of the relatives (ancestors/descendants/siblings) of some bacteria. These overall findings proved that the MetaMetaDB is useful as a new tool to infer microbial habitability and it gives us new information on the possible origin and ecology of microorganisms in the environments. 相似文献
15.
大眼金枪鱼是世界最重要的渔业资源之一,经济价值较高,捕捞压力的加大使中部太平洋大眼金枪鱼过度捕捞程度愈发严重。开展种群遗传结构研究将为大眼金枪鱼资源的可持续利用与开发提供科学依据。本文以取自中西太平洋和中东太平洋共182尾大眼金枪鱼个体为研究对象,分析研究其线粒体DNA控制区第一个高变区（the first hypervariable region,HVR-1）457bp的序列,共发现115个变异位点,定义了178种单倍型。序列多样性分析结果显示8个采样点核苷酸多样性在0.03074-0.04362间,单倍型多样性在各个采样点都较高,变动范围在0.996-1.000之间;分子方差分析显示99.97%的遗传变异性来自于种群内;群体间的高基因交流值Nm和低分化指数Fst揭示中东太平洋与中西太平洋群体间基因交流频繁,不存在显著的遗传分化。 相似文献
16.
甲壳动物线粒体DNA的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对于甲壳动物的分子生物学研究特别是其中与进化相关的研究工作目前主要围绕着线粒体基因序列开展。在近20年的生物线粒体序列研究过程中线粒体全序列的数量经历了一个飞速发展的过程，但甲壳动物中仅有8个物种的线粒体全序列完成测序。通过对NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Infomation)的GenBank中数据的分析我们发现线粒体基因序列的数量占全部序列数的近一半。甲壳动物线粒体序列的研究主要围绕着12s rRNA、16s rRNA和COI进行，国内的相关研究处于起步阶段。 相似文献
17.
The distribution of aluminum (Al) in seawater has been investigated in the continental slope and the Okinawa Trough areas
of the East China Sea, which is one of the marginal seas in the western North Pacific Ocean. Aluminum concentration in waters
over the slope and the Trough ranged from 5.6 to 25 nmol/kg in the surface layer (0–100 m), and had a minima of 1.1 nmol/kg
between 400 and 500 m depth and ranged from 1.3 to 9.7 nmol/kg in the deep or bottom waters. Aluminum values were higher than
in the surface waters of the central North Pacific, while minimum values were similar to levels in the intermediate or deep
waters of the central North Pacific, except for the bottom water over the slope. This suggests that the high Al concentration
in the surface reflects the large atmospheric input of Asian dust around the western side of the North Pacific region. On
the continental slope, Al concentrations in the upper 500 m depth decreased slopeward. This horizontal gradient of Al can
be explained from the combination of dilution by upwelling of Al-poor water originated from the North Pacific Intermediate
Water (NPIW) which intrudes into the mid-depth of the Okinawa Trough and the scavenging of Al by biogenic particles in the
continental slope zone. 相似文献
18.
2011 年11 月, 联合国教科文组织政府间海洋学委员会(IOC/UNESCO)发起了代号为“Exercise Pacific Wave 11”的跨国海啸演习, 演习区域为整个太平洋海区。中国应邀参加了本次演习, 演习在我国海域地震带上假设了两个震源, 分别位于琉球海沟和马尼拉海沟。为了评估这两个潜在海啸对我国的影响, 本文采用数值模拟的方式, 对其进行了计算。计算结果表明: 这两处震源所引发的海啸均能对我国造成灾害性影响, 受影响严重的省市有江苏、上海、浙江、福建、广东和海南等; 从传播时间图上看, 若发生大海啸, 海啸波将在5 h 内, 陆续影响沿海各省市; 相比琉球海沟, 马尼拉海沟震源产生的海啸会更快到达我国沿岸。 相似文献
19.
The abnormally heavy precipitation occurred in the Changjiang Valley, 1983 as one of the four serious flooded events in the past sixty years was directly associated with the abnormal changes of the subtropical high of the NW Pacific. Meanwhile the abnormal changes of the S. H. were correlated with the abnormally warming of SST of the tropical East Pacific and the appearance of El nino in 1982-1983, which had attained the highest intensity in this century and were reasonably correlated with the unusual variations of Southern Oscillation, SST anomalies of the Pacific Ocean, and the anomalies of the cloudness over these areas. This has once again confirmed that there exists a teleconnection between several parts of Pacific Ocean and the atmospheric circulation. A chain reaction between the abnormal weather in China and the East and the West Pacific (the tropical and the subtropical Pacific) is revealed, which may give some information for the long-range weather forecasting. 相似文献
20.
Planktonic copepod Calanus sinicus is the dominant meso-zooplankton in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. To better understand its population dynamics and phylogeographic patterns, 243 C. sinicus individuals were collected from seven locations across the shelf waters of China and its population genetics was studied by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I(mtCOI) sequences analyses. Thirty-nine different sequences, or haplotypes, were detected with moderate haplotype diversity(h=0.749) and low nucleotide diversity(π=0.003) for all populations. The evolutionary divergence between geographic populations varied from 0.24% to 0.37%, indicative of very limited genetic differentiation. Visualized minimum spanning network(MSN) and phylogenetic analysis of all the detected haplotypes did not reveal any clear phylogeographic pattern. Furthermore, AMOVA data showed no significant spatial population differentiation existed among the individuals collected across China shelf waters. Pairwise FST values showed that population collected from northwest of the East China Sea(ECS) displayed a low difference to other populations. Mismatch distribution analyses and neutrality tests indicated that C. sinicus might undergo a demographic/population expansion. No significant population genetic structuring was detected, indicating an extensive gene flow among the C. sinicus populations. Our results provide molecular evidence for the hypothesis that C. sinicus in the northwestern South China Sea in winter is transported from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea by the China Coastal Current during the northeast monsoon period. 相似文献