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1.
南黄海陆架沙脊的形成与演变 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11
张光威 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1991,11(2):25-35
本文在对水深较大的滨外沙脊区钻孔、柱状样岩心详细观察的基础上,综合分析已有资料,并对该区浅地震地层剖面和水下沙脊的卫片进行了解译,提出南黄海陆架沙脊最早的形成年代为距今4000年,而现代的潮流沙脊形成于距今2000年以来的最近时期,潮流沙脊是在海面稳定、强潮流发育和大量物质供给的条件下形成和发展的,潮流沙脊的沉积物主要来自黄河和淮河;现代滨外沙脊具有向西北方向迁移、纵向延伸长度不断萎缩的动态演化特征。 相似文献
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末次冰期盛期长江入海流路探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对现代长江口外东海内陆架和外陆架三条地震剖面的地层和埋藏地貌分析 ,并经与相关钻孔和现代长江三角洲第四纪研究资料对比 ,在东海陆架研究区内未发现末次盛冰期时古长江沉积和古河谷 ,前人所称之长江古河谷实际上是现代潮流水道 .认为当时长江很可能未曾由研究区流经东海陆架入冲绳海槽 相似文献
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The Barcelona continental shelf is part of a 6–20 km wide canyon-bounded shelf located off the city of Barcelona (NE Spain). This study integrates newly acquired high-resolution single channel seismic reflection profiles and available lithological information of the Barcelona shelf to describe its late Quaternary architecture and the role of global glacio-eustatic fluctuations and local factors in its development.
Four major sequence boundaries are identified throughout the seismic dataset. They are tentatively correlated with the four last 4th order (100–120 ka) high-amplitude late Quaternary glacio-eustatic lowstands. Most of the stratigraphic record is formed by falling stage systems tracts with forced-regressive deposits, which confers a general progradational vertical stacking pattern. Transgressive systems tracts are represented by continuous units confined directly off river sources and on previously eroded surfaces. Stillstand deposits are difficult to recognize in the available dataset. The uppermost seismic unit corresponds to the Holocene shore-parallel Besos and Llobregat joint prodelta affected by the prevailing south-westward circulation.
The general architecture of the late Quaternary Barcelona shelf deposits is determined by global glacio-eustatic cycles. However, the lateral variability of the seismic units depends largely on local factors such as (i) the position of sediment sources (essentially the Llobregat River); (ii) differential subsidence and, especially, sediment compaction; (iii) erosive processes such as canyon incision, mass wasting or wave base dynamics; and (iv) underlying geomorphic restrictions. 相似文献
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大量高分辨率单道地震和浅地层剖面资料显示长江口外的广大海域分布着大量埋藏古河道,据区域浅层地质特征及地震相特征,可把研究区埋藏古河道断面划分为对称、不对称和复式三种类型;河道内充填的沉积物复杂多样;古河道主要存在于晚更新世晚期沉积层中。60个古河道断面串联成长180km的古长江河系以及长64km的古舟山河和长近100km的古钱塘江河两条支流河道系。长江古河道宽深比较大,盛冰期时深切81~109m,河底纵比降为0.82×10-4,平均古流量约为535.24m3/s,最大断面的古流量为20433.72m3/s。按比降-河宽法判别,当时古长江河道为辫状分汊河型。 相似文献
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长江口外陆架区埋藏古河道研究长江口外陆架区埋藏古河道研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大量高分辨率单道地震和浅地层剖面资料显示长江口外的广大海域分布着大量埋藏古河道，据区域浅层地质特征及地震相特征，可把研究区埋藏古河道断面划分为对称、不对称和复式三种类型；河道内充填的沉积物复杂多样；古河道主要存在于晚更新世晚期沉积层中。60个古河道断面串联成长180 km的古长江河系以及长64 km的古舟山河和长近100 km的古钱塘江河两条支流河道系。长江古河道宽深比较大，盛冰期时深切81～109 m，河底纵比降为0.82×10-4，平均古流量约为535.24 m3/s，最大断面的古流量为20 433.72 m3/s。按比降河宽法判别，当时古长江河道为辫状分汊河型。 相似文献
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渔业活动对东海海域海底光缆安全的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对东海海域海底光缆路由区作业渔场的捕捞方式、作业范围等的分析,结合已建海底光缆故障的调查结果,探讨了渔业活动对东海海域海底光缆路由调查和已建海底光缆安全的影响。结果表明,东海海域海底光缆主要穿越了长江口、江外、舟山、舟外、鱼外等5大主要作业渔场,各渔场的渔业活动频繁,拖网、张网和流刺网等不同捕捞作业方式集中,对海底光缆的安全带来严重威胁。同时,捕捞渔船船只的数量逐年增多、触底深度的不断增加、作业时间的不断延长,使海底光缆路由调查时所获得调查资料的质量受到严重影响,船只、渔具的日益大型化以及拖网、张网、围网等捕捞活动范围的持续扩大,更使得海底光缆的故障频繁发生。为保护海缆的安全,在目前的经济技术条件下,建议选择休渔期时进行路由调查,在捕捞活动的频繁区,选择双层铠装型(DA)的海底光缆,并适当加大埋设深度,以降低渔业活动对海底光缆工程的影响。实践表明,将海底光缆埋设深度增加至3.0 m以上,可有效地保护海底光缆的安全。 相似文献
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Bathymetry and seismic reflection profiling have revealed a sequence of seven post-Jurassic drowned or buried drainage systems on the southern New England shelf. The basement and younger stream patterns have a dominant southward trend with preferred drainage avenues from the mainland to the middle shelf indicated by superposed valley ground positions from unconformity to unconformity over time. Fluvial action under stable tectonic conditions is inferred by low valley height/width ratios with higher ratios related to ice modification of inner shelf pre-glacial river valleys.Fluvial processes responding to sea-level withdrawals have greatly influenced the shelf's later development. Periodically during post-Paleocene time, sediment from subaerial erosion has been transported to the shelf edge by streams. Deltaic deposition on a subsiding base has controlled outbuilding on the outer shelf where the frequent presence of overlying drainage networks is the result of numerous sea-level regressions. Since Eocene time, sediment has been channelled to the deep sea via Block Canyon and its progenitor.Locally structures created by erosion and glacial deposition have governed drainage direction. On the inner shelf, late Tertiary - early Pleistocene streams were diverted southeastward and southwestward by the magnitude of Long Island's Coastal Plain escarpment and by secondary cuestas between eastern Long Island and Block Island. The probable eastern reach of Dana's southern Sound River valley can be traced from northeastern Long Island across Block Island Sound. An early Woodfordian end moraine of the Wisconsin stage impounded melt waters in Block Island and Rhode Island Sounds. Where the moraine was breached near Block Island, fans were formed adjacent to the water gaps. In Rhode Island Sound the earlier and later Woodfordian end moraines deflected some mainland drainage toward the southwest. 相似文献
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长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中重金属的空间分布及沉积通量 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
长江每年输送大量的泥沙进入东海,其中细颗粒沉积物具有搬运距离远、扩散范围大的特点,成为示踪河口及近海沉积物源汇过程的良好载体。本文基于采自长江口及邻近海域的44个表层沉积物样品,分析了细颗粒组分中重金属的空间分布和沉积通量,探讨了重金属来源和搬运沉积过程。研究表明:长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中Cu、Cr、Ni、V和Zn含量、沉积通量的空间分布具有高度的相似性,总体表现为长江口及浙闽沿岸高,向外急剧降低;该区细颗粒沉积物中的重金属主要来自长江,入海后向两个方向扩散,其一为向西南方向扩散,沉积于内陆架泥质区;其二是向东的跨陆架输送,沉积于长江冲淡水影响的海域。从长江口向西南方向的输送和沉积是长江入海重金属最重要的汇。 相似文献
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Shuo Chen Renhai Pu Huiqiong Li Hongjun Qu Tianyu Ji Siyu Su Yunwen Guan Hui Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(9):86-106
The Dongfang1-1 gas field (DF1-1) in the Yinggehai Basin is currently the largest offshore self-developed gas field in China and is rich in oil and gas resources. The second member of the Pliocene Yinggehai Formation (YGHF) is the main gas-producing formation and is composed of various sedimentary types; however, a clear understanding of the sedimentary types and development patterns is lacking. Here, typical lithofacies, logging facies and seismic facies types and characteristics of the YGHF are identified based on high-precision 3D seismic data combined with drilling, logging, analysis and testing data. Based on 3D seismic interpretation and attribute analysis, the origin of high-amplitude reflections is clarified, and the main types and evolution characteristics of sedimentary facies are identified. Taking gas formation upper II (IIU) as an example, the plane distribution of the delta front and bottom current channel is determined; finally, a comprehensive sedimentary model of the YGHF second member is established. This second member is a shallowly buried “bright spot” gas reservoir with weak compaction. The velocity of sandstone is slightly lower than that of mudstone, and the reflection has medium amplitude when there is no gas. The velocity of sandstone decreases considerably after gas accumulation, resulting in an increase in the wave impedance difference and high-amplitude (bright spot) reflection between sandstone and mudstone; the range of high amplitudes is consistent with that of gas-bearing traps. The distribution of gas reservoirs is obviously controlled by dome-shaped diapir structural traps, and diapir faults are channels through which natural gas from underlying Miocene source rocks can enter traps. The study area is a delta front deposit developed on a shallow sea shelf. The lithologies of the reservoir are mainly composed of very fine sand and coarse silt, and a variety of sedimentary structural types reflect a shallow sea delta environment; upward thickening funnel type, strong toothed bell type and toothed funnel type logging facies are developed. In total, 4 stages of delta front sand bodies (corresponding to progradational reflection seismic facies) derived from the Red River and Blue River in Vietnam have developed in the second member of the YGHF; these sand bodies are dated to 1.5 Ma and correspond to four gas formations. During sedimentation, many bottom current channels (corresponding to channel fill seismic facies) formed, which interacted with the superposed progradational reflections. When the provenance supply was strong in the northwest, the area was dominated by a large set of delta front deposits. In the period of relative sea level rise, surface bottom currents parallel to the coastline were dominant, and undercutting erosion was obvious, forming multistage superimposed erosion troughs. Three large bottom current channels that developed in the late sedimentary period of gas formation IIU are the most typical. 相似文献
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黄、东海毗邻海域悬浮体与水团的对应关系及影响因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对黄、东海毗邻海域由陆架到深海的悬浮体进行了大量加密取样,获得了较准确的结果。给出了悬浮体含量及其三维分布,确定它们与水团及其边界有良好的对应关系。并从物源、动力和成因等解释了这种对应,提出了水团对悬浮体研究的重要意义。研究表明黑潮次—中层混合爬升水及其混合水形成悬浮体含量最低值区,横亘在陆架与深海之间,形成阻隔含有大部分悬浮体的陆架中、下层水体向深海输送的洁净“水障”,台湾暖流北上的顶托也起类似作用,并分析了影响悬浮体含量的各种因素及有关机制。 相似文献
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Using a combined dataset including 3D seismic volumes, 2D profiles and 127 industrial wells, this study systematically investigated sequence stratigraphy and depositional architecture of the Pearl River Delta system (PRDS) during the Middle Miocene. In total, six stratigraphic sequences (SQ1 to SQ6) were recognized for the Hanjiang Formation, each of which could be further subdivided into a transgressive systems tract (TST) and a regressive systems tract (RST) according to a T-R sequence stratigraphic model. Seismic geomorphologic approaches were then conducted to interpret and map the key depositional elements, including fluvial channel systems, river mouth bars, longshore bars, shelf sand ridges and shelf sand sheets. After a detailed construction of the paleogeography for each of the twelves systems tracts, it was found that the types, geometries and depositional regimes of PRDS significantly altered at ca. 13.8 Ma. Before ca. 13.8 Ma, the PRDS were dominated by well-developed fluvial systems and an overall lobate shape, indicating a fluvial-dominated process. However, after 13.8 Ma, the whole PRDS began to form enormous shoreline-parallel depositional elements such as longshore bars, shelf sand ridges and shelf sand sheets, indicating dominant shore-parallel regimes. Besides, the whole deltaic system displayed obvious southwest deflection in map view after 13.8 Ma.Detailed analysis showed that this sudden change in the evolution of the PRDS could be ascribed to an interactive response to several factors. At ca. 13.8 Ma, the sea level began to rapidly rise and caused the fluvial energy to decrease, which was likely to lead to the diversion of the fluvial systems. Besides, the gradual uplift of the Dongsha Rise resulted in the raised shelf topography in the east region, thus confining the fluvial channels to flow southwestward. What's more, a few key paleoceanographic events, including the reglaciation of the Antarctic ice-sheet and the shoaling of the Pacific-Indian Ocean Seaway, might have contributed to the intensification of the southwesterly flowing paleocurrent along the northern South China Sea, thus triggering the delta asymmetry and deflecton of the PRDS after 13.8 Ma. 相似文献
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为了准确解释环境磁学参数记录的极地古气候环境变化信息,本研究对白令海和西北冰洋61个站位的表层沉积物进行了高、低频质量磁化率(χ)、非磁滞磁化率(χARM)和磁化率-温度(k-T)分析,以探明该区沉积物中磁性矿物的种类、来源与搬运路径。结果显示,样品的χ具有明显的地域分布特征。白令海的χ值整体高于楚科奇海,并在育空河口外侧和圣劳伦斯岛南侧较高,向北和向西南方向逐渐减小。楚科奇海中东部陆架上表层沉积χ值高于阿拉斯加沿岸,而西北冰洋深海平原和洋脊区的χ值最低。χARM的变化趋势与质量磁化率相似,但频率磁化率的变化趋势与质量磁化率正好相反。k-T分析结果显示阿留申海盆沉积物中的铁磁性矿物以磁赤铁矿占主导,白令海陆架育空河口外侧和圣劳伦斯岛南北两侧为磁铁矿,白令海陆架西部和楚科奇海陆架中东部为磁赤铁矿和磁铁矿,楚科奇海阿拉斯加沿岸为黄铁矿,而西北冰洋陆坡、深海平原和洋脊区为胶黄铁矿和黄铁矿,但高纬度区沉积物中的胶黄铁矿含量更高。沉积物中磁性矿物的区域性分布受沉积物来源、洋流和底质环境等因素的控制。白令海和楚科奇海陆架磁赤铁矿来源于亚洲大陆,白令海陆架东部的磁铁矿来自育空河流域,阿拉斯加沿岸沉积物中的黄铁矿,应为阿拉斯加西北部陆源侵蚀来源的或早期成岩作用形成的,西北冰洋深海盆区的胶黄铁矿,为自生成因的。 相似文献
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采用2002—2016年6—9月Aqua/MODIS叶绿素a产品分析珠江冲淡水在南海北部生态效应的季节及年际变化特征。6月来自陆源的营养物质在西南季风作用下向河口以东陆架区输运, 浮游植物增殖, 叶绿素a含量增大; 7月河口以东高浓度叶绿素a覆盖面积达到最大; 8月在减弱的珠江径流和环境风场共同影响下, 口门外海高浓度叶绿素a覆盖面积明显减小; 9月北部陆架区处于东北季风影响之下, 河口以西覆盖面积逐渐增大。通过线性回归分析可知, 珠江径流量是口门外海高浓度叶绿素a覆盖面积的主要影响因素, 且这种影响有一个月左右的滞后效应。显著大于(小于)多年平均的珠江径流量和环境风场等因素共同作用, 导致2008(2004)年表现为高浓度叶绿素a覆盖面积的极大值(极小值)年份。叶绿素a在南海北部陆架区的时空变化特征主要受冲淡水过程影响, 订正过的卫星叶绿素a产品可以用来讨论珠江冲淡水的季节及年际变化。 相似文献
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Bulk particulate organic carbon in the East China Sea: Tidal influence and bottom transport 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Five oceanographic surveys were carried out in the East China Sea (ECS) and Yellow Sea from 1999 to 2003. In all, seven different sections were surveyed, but one section (the PN section) was observed on every cruise. Two time-series stations were also surveyed, one located at the Changjiang River mouth, the other over the continental shelf in the PN section.We identified biogeochemical characteristics for waters close to the Changjiang Estuary and in the Kuroshio waters (KW), respectively. Resuspension is a strong feature near bottom over the ECS continental shelf, with suspended matter values 13 times higher than that for the surface. A model of particulate organic carbon (POC) dynamics based on a rectangle equation reveals that POC concentration close to the Changjiang Estuary varies with a semidiurnal period of ∼13 h, coinciding with the tidal period. The upper limit for POC residence times in the seasons we covered over the shelf are estimated to be on the order of weeks and generally increase seaward from near the Changjiang Estuary to the KW. Short POC residence times suggest that POC in the ECS is rapidly exported from euphotic waters.A nepheloid layer, observed as elevated suspended matter in near the bottom of the water column, is important in particle transfer over the shelf, especially in winter when the residual current flows mainly eastward. Cross-shelf transport of POC via the nepheloid layer is estimated to be 0.22 × 1012 g yr−1. Comparison with other work indicates that POC transport is ∼2% of the Changjiang POC input. 相似文献
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Holocene shelf-coastal sedimentary systems associated with the Changjiang River：An overview 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
GAO Shu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):4-12
The fate of the terrestrial sediment supplied by rivers is a critical issue for understanding the patterns of Holocene environmental change on continental shelves. The East China Sea is a typical broad continental shelf with abundant sediment supply from large rivers. Here, a variety of sedimentary records were formed during the Holocene period. The sedimentary systems associated with these records have unique charac- teristics in terms of spatial distribution, material composition, deposition rate and the timing of deposition, which are related to active sediment transport processes induced by tides and waves, shelf circulations and sediment gravity flows. The sedimentary records thus formed are high resolution slices, i.e., each record has a temporal resolution of up to 10~-10-1 a, but only covers a limited part of the Holocene time. In terms of the spatial distribution, these records are scattered over a large area on the shelf. Further studies of these systems are required to understand the underlying process-product relationships. In particular, the mid- Holocene coastal deposits on the Jiangsu coast, the early to middle Holocene sequences of the Hangzhou Bay, as well as the Holocene mud deposits off the Zhejiang-Fujian coasts, should be investigated in terms of the material supply （from both seabed reworking during the sea level rise event and river discharges）, transport-accumulation processes, the sediment sequences and the future evolution of the sedimentary systems. Advanced numerical modeling techniques should be developed to meet the needs of these studies. 相似文献
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Seismic data and sediment cores collected offshore from the Sanaga River and Nyong River mouths were used to analyse a loose mantle of yellow to reddish sandy gravel with a range of fluvial and deltaic characteristics cropping out in the middle part (25–65 m water depth) of the continental shelf of Cameroon. Contrary to most of the Atlantic shelves, where the lowstand systems tract was destroyed by erosion, we found 80–120 ms (60–90 m) of sediment mainly in the middle part of the shelf, which correspond credibly to MIS 2–4. Fluvial paleodrainage systems are preserved beneath the shelf and individual filled channels with planar infillings were mapped that cross the shelf along two surfaces of erosion. These incisions suggested westerly and northwesterly drainage shifts during presumed lowered base level. The presence of closely spaced channel fills suggests repeated avulsion of a single stream during a long-lasting sub-aerial erosion period. The seismic facies of these Pleistocene deposits distinguish themselves clearly from well-stratified older strata showing deformation (Pliocene) or intense folding (Miocene). The orientation of the paleovalleys appears strongly controlled by the N60°E trending cross faults within Mesozoic–Cenozoic strata. 相似文献
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High-resolution Chirp profiling and coring reveals an elongated(ca. 400 km) Holocene Zhujiang River(Pearl River)-derived mud area(maximum thickness 20 m) extending from the Zhujiang River Delta, southwestward off the Guangdong coast, to the Leizhou Peninsula. Two depo-centers, one proximal and one distal, are identified. On the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, the mud is deposited in water depth shallower than 50 m; while to the southeast of the Zhujiang River Estuary, the mud area can extend to the-120 m isobath. A combined analysis with the stratigraphic sequences of other muddy deposits in the Western Pacific marginal seas(mainly Changjiang(Yangtze) and Huanghe(Yellow) Rivers derived) indicates that the initiation of the Zhujiang River muddy deposit can be further divided into two stages: Stage 1 is before the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand(ca. 7.0 cal. ka BP), the proximal mud was mostly deposited after 9.0 cal. ka BP, when the sea-level rose slowly after the Meltwater Pulse-1C; Stage 2, after the mid-Holocene sealevel highstand, clinoform developed on the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, extending ca. 400 km from the Zhujiang River Estuary. The proximal clinoform thins offshore, from ca. 10 m thickness around 5–10 m water depth to less than 1–2 m around 20–30 m water depth. In addition, we also find a developed distal clinoform in the east of the Leizhou Peninsula. 相似文献