共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
南沙群岛珊瑚砂工程性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
珊瑚砂是发育于热带海洋环境中的一种特殊的岩是质类型,主要由珊瑚碎屑和其他海洋生物碎屑组成,碳酸钙含量高达９６％。特殊的特细胞、结构和发育环境导致珊瑚砂具有独特的工程性质。章综述了珊瑚砂的压缩性、破碎性、剪切特性和强度特笥,指出其显的土力学特点：高孔隙比、高摩擦角和低强度值。颗粒破碎是影响珊瑚太变形和强度特性的主要因素,深入研究珊瑚砂的工程性质对珊瑚岛礁工程设计和施工、加强国防建设、开发热带海洋 相似文献
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南沙群岛珊瑚砂物理力学性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
珊瑚砂是发育于热带海洋环境中特殊的岩土介质类型，主要由珊瑚碎屑和其它海洋生物碎屑组成，碳酸钙含量高达96％。特殊的发育环境、物质组成和结构导致了珊瑚砂具有独特的物理力学性质。本文对采白南沙群岛珊瑚岛礁的珊瑚砂样品进行了。系列室内土力学试验，根据试验结果讨论了珊瑚砂的比重、孔隙比、压缩性、破碎性、剪切特性等，指出了珊瑚砂具有不同于石英砂的比重和孔隙比等物理特性，力学性质的特殊性表现在三个方面：内摩擦角大，高压缩性和易破碎。作者认为颗粒破碎是影响珊瑚砂变形和强度特性的主要因素。全面深入地研究珊瑚砂的基本物理力学性质，可为珊瑚岛礁工程建设提供科学合理的设计参数，避免工程事故的发生。 相似文献
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珊瑚礁是全球气候变化研究的主要内容之一, 近年来为适应珊瑚岛礁工程建设的需求, 珊瑚礁研究得到较快发展.珊瑚礁是发育于热带海洋环境中由生物作用和地质作用共同形成的地质体, 是一种特殊的岩土介质类型.雷州半岛西南部珊瑚礁区无论在其物质组成还是发育环境上都具有独特性, 该区海洋水动力作用在珊瑚礁体不同部位强度不同, 具有明显的分带性, 是造礁珊瑚生态环境和碎屑沉积分带的主要原因, 它与珊瑚礁地貌分带、珊瑚礁工程性质相结合, 形成了珊瑚礁不同的岩体结构和工程地质分带.在分析了该区地质背景、岩体结构和工程地质分带等的基础上, 对雷州半岛西南部珊瑚礁区场地稳定性进行探讨, 为该区工程建设提供依据. 相似文献
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南沙群岛永暑礁工程地质特性 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
运用现场钻探和浅地震勘探等方法,发现珊瑚礁弱胶结礁灰岩具有礁绷高而内礁平坪和湖低的岩盆现象,并认为此岩盆现象有利于礁体工程地质稳定性的礁体的成长发展。另外,还采用原位土工程测试和室内工试验等手段研究了珊瑚砂的礁灰岩的物理力学特性,指出了珊瑚钙质砂具有高内摩擦角、高孔隙比、颗粒易破碎、颗粒形状不规则等特性,是一种不利于桩基工程建设的特殊性土,值得深入研究。 相似文献
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南沙群岛永暑礁钻井珊瑚礁和珊瑚碎屑的磁学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过南沙群岛永暑礁南永1、2井珊瑚礁和南永3井潟湖珊瑚碎屑的磁性测试与研究发现,它们的磁化率以负值(χ<0)为主,具抗磁性特性,但有稳定的剩余磁化强度,又具有铁磁性特性,即具有抗磁性与铁磁性共存的磁学性质。珊瑚礁和珊瑚碎屑的磁性主要来源于珊瑚骨骼及死亡后古生物和富铁细菌等壳体中变价的铁离子,这些变价铁离子在不同年代、不同环境下组成新的铁氧体,具有似单畴(PSD)的磁性特征。这个磁性不但在井深103m和254m处记录了布容/松山和松山/高斯地球磁场极性转换界限(年龄分别为0.78MaB.P.和2.58MaB.P.),而且记录了布容正极性期和松山反极性期内的琵琶湖I、II、贾拉米洛、奥都维、留尼汪Ⅰ、II地球磁场漂移,并提供了磁化率的变化可能与气候冷暖变换有关的信息。当χ<0时表示冷期,当χ>0时表示暖期。 相似文献
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在热带地区开展水运工程设计施工项目，经常会遇到珊瑚砂地质，其力学特性较为特别，强度低、易碎、黏性低，力学指标变异性较大，国内现有设计规范对珊瑚砂地质条件特殊性考虑不足，设计人员在相关设计参数选取时经常忽略采用可靠度理论进行结构安全复核。以马尔代夫机场扩建项目为案例，运用可靠度理论分析了珊瑚砂力学指标的高变异性对钢板桩结构稳定可靠度的影响。根据分析，在珊瑚砂地质条件下，按照《码头结构设计规范》（JTS167-2018）进行稳定性计算，得出的结果偏于危险，应引起结构设计人员的重视。在进行结构设计时，应同时按照《港口工程结构可靠性设计统一标准》（GB50158-2010）复核板桩结构可靠度。同时，珊瑚砂较小的黏性，在进行结构可靠度计算时可以忽略。 相似文献
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通过野外露头观察与镜下薄片鉴定，综合分析了塔里木盆地西南缘（以下简称塔西南盆地）阿尔塔什剖面石炭系和什拉甫组生物礁沉积特征和成礁模式，认为研究区生物礁为开阔台地内部发育的点礁，分为高凸起型点礁和低凸起型点礁2类；造礁生物为四射珊瑚，附礁生物种类较多，包括腕足类、腹足类、海百合与?类等；生物礁在地貌上呈隆起状，其礁基、礁核、礁盖等亚相清晰。综合研究区生物礁发育特征及古地貌和海平面的演化过程认为：高凸起型点礁是生长在台地内地貌高处的生物礁，随着海平面下降暴露死亡，主要由珊瑚骨架灰岩、含生物碎屑颗粒灰岩组成；低凸起型点礁为在台地内部较为平坦地貌处发育的礁体，因海平面上升被淹死，礁体厚度薄，横向展布广，呈条带状，主要由珊瑚骨架灰岩与生物碎屑泥晶灰岩组成。 相似文献
10.
在海南岛的海滩岩中首次发现了微生物岩,这是一种发育在珊瑚(碎屑和砾块)骨骼孔穴中,少量在珊瑚碎块表面的微生物碳酸盐沉积,这些微生物碳酸盐沉积呈叠层或包壳状生长,可黏结细小的生物碎屑,具有独特的发育模式。微生物碳酸盐沉积在南海的发现支持海滩岩的胶结物部分是源于微生物成因的假设,进而肯定了微生物在碳酸盐沉积中所起的重要作用。结合海滩岩组分中微钻孔的发育特征和微生物岩发育模式的描述,在一定程度上填补了我国南方海滩岩中发育微生物碳酸盐沉积物的研究空白。 相似文献
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T. K. Mallik 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》1999,17(1):27-32
Many lagoons of coral atolls contain huge reserves of very pure calcareous sands in an easily exploitable form that can be used in a number of industries. It is well known that the geomorphic situation in these coral islands is very delicate. With reference to the calcareous sand deposits in the coral atolls of Lakshadweep, a diversity of opinion exists on the aspect of exploitation, though the reserves were proved more than 20 years ago. Elsewhere calcareous sands have been used for several purposes. No raw materials other than coral sands and corals are available in these islands for developmental work such as construction of building and jetties. Several recommendations have been made to keep the system undisturbed to maintain the ecosystem. It is suggested that an attempt should be made to determine an optimum depth of exploitation of these sands without affecting the reef growth and balance of the ecosystem. This will improve the island economy and better quality of life for the islanders. The strategy will help development elsewhere also. 相似文献
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在研究海岸侵蚀的过程中,泥沙沉速是一个重要参数,对于侵淤量的计算非常重要。近些年来,由于工程活动、海洋动力和气候等因素变化的影响,珊瑚砂海岸的侵蚀冲刷问题已不容忽视。考虑到珊瑚砂与石英砂在形状、比重上的不同会对其沉速造成影响,套用现有石英砂的沉速公式进行计算并不合适。本文针对珊瑚砂和石英砂进行沉降试验,分析形状对珊瑚砂沉速的影响。结果显示,在小粒径(d 0.5 mm)下形状对珊瑚砂沉速的影响并不明显,在大粒径(d 0.5 mm)下明显减缓了珊瑚砂的沉降速度,套用石英砂的沉降公式计算出的珊瑚砂沉速明显偏大。故通过提出动力形状因子这一参数来表征形状对沉降的影响,推导出考虑了形状影响的沉降公式,能够较为准确地计算砂粒的沉速范围,计算精度随着黏度的增大而提升。 相似文献
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选用巴斯德芽孢杆菌,对微生物诱导钙离子、镁离子以及铁离子形成碳酸盐固化松散珊瑚砂颗粒的效果进行对比研究。试验结果表明,在相同试验方法、相同注入次数的条件下,微生物诱导形成的碳酸钙和碳酸镁能将珊瑚砂松散颗粒固化成为整体,加入铁离子的试样因为反应过程的原因没有成功。通过渗透性、干密度变化、无侧限抗压强度及微观结构等方面进行对比分析,钙离子试样相对于镁离子试样,具有固化过程平稳、干密度增量大、强度高、微观颗粒包裹更好的优点。综合试验结果得出,钙离子是现阶段微生物固化珊瑚砂较为理想的金属离子。本试验首次探讨了金属离子种类对珊瑚砂微生物固化效果的影响,为微生物固化技术提供了一定理论基础,对该技术的进一步应用具有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
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西沙群岛现代滨岸的风暴沉积 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李浩 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1991,11(1):83-91
本文仅以1984年10号风暴为例,讨论了风暴前后的水动力条件及路径变化.重点阐述了该次风暴对西沙珊瑚礁区的潮间和潮上带现代砾堤和海滩的影响.描述了珊瑚礁区的砾堤沉积物的空间分布及垂向序列,并对沙质海滩的风暴搬运过程进行了适当的讨论.西沙砾质砾堤和沙质海滩无论从沉积序列上还是从沉积物的结构成份上,都存在着较大的差异,它们是在一种水动力条件下形成的两种不同的沉积体,在沉积过程中各有自身的沉积特点.本文尝试性地从上述角度提出一种沉积序列的空间格局,以便为古代沉积物的研究提供一些滨岸风暴沉积的信息. 相似文献
15.
Jia He 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(3):441-445
Salt in soil can cause cementation effect and increase the shear strength and stiffness of soil during the drying process. In this paper, an experimental study is presented to explore the strength, stiffness, and particle level structure of a salt-cemented sand at the dry state. Unconfined compression tests were carried out on sands with various amounts of precipitated dry salt. Scanning electron microscopic and elemental analysis were also conducted. The study shows that the strength and stiffness of sand can increase significantly with salt content. The strength versus salt content curve displays a convex shape, instead of a concave shape as found in cemented or biocemented sands. This implies that the effect of dry salt on soil strength is strong at low levels of salt content. The microscopic and elemental analysis evidences that salt tends to precipitate at particle contacts and form bridges between particles at relatively low salt content. The results presented in the paper may explain why even small amount of salt can lead to an overestimation of soil strength. 相似文献
16.
Chen Jie Yao Zhen Jiang Chang-bo Wu Zhi-yuan Deng Bin Long Yuan-nan Bian Cheng 《中国海洋工程》2022,36(5):720-733
The motion of particle clouds (i.e., sediment clouds) usually can be found in engineering applications such as wastewater discharge, land reclamation, and marine bed capping. In this paper, a series of laboratory tests are conducted on coral sand to investigate the shape feature of the single particle and the mixing processes of the coral sand particle clouds. The shape of coral sand particle is measured and quantified. The experimental results demonstrate that the shape of coral sand particles tends to be spherical as the particle size decreases, and empirical equations were established to explain the variation of D50 and fS,50 of coral sand. Compared with the silica sand, the evolution of the coral sand particle cloud still experiences three stages, but the threshold for the Reynolds number of particle clouds entering the next stage changes. Further, the normalized axial distance of the coral sand particle clouds is 58% smaller. The frontal velocity exhibits similar varying tendency for the coral sand particle cloud. Considering the difference in shape between coral sand particles and silica sand particles, a semi-empirical formula was proposed based on the original silica sand prediction formula by adding the shape factor and the experimental data of 122 µm⩽D50⩽842 µm. It can predict the frontal velocity of the coral sand particle clouds.
相似文献17.
El Zeit Bay is a semi-closed area with a rectangular shape which south side is connected witu northwestern side of Red Sea.
The study was done to detect the characteristics of the bottom facies at El Zeit Bay. Single-beam seabed echoes combined with
diving survey and sediments analyses were used to detect sea bed characteristics. The seabed floor of the study area is characterized
by three physiographical distinct bottom facies; sand facies: floral facies and coral patches facies. Sand facies lies at
very shallow water it extended from shore line to depth about 2 m. It has very fine sand size intercalated by mud sediments.
It is characterized by very poor benthos. Floral bottom facies has medium sand which characterized by rich floral vegetation
this flora appear in scattered and irregular forms. It is observed at an average depth from 4 m to 6 m. Coral patches facies
is characterized by the presence of coarse sediments. The coral reef covers about 40% of the study area (29.5% hard corals
and 10.5% is soft ones) while the rest of the area (60%) is characterized by different benthos. In communities general, his
area characterized by high biodiversity. 相似文献
18.
Jijian Lian Hongyin Xu Xiaoqing He Dengfeng Fu Shuwang Yan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):212-222
ABSTRACTBiogrouting, which is a new method for soil improvement, was used in an attempt to cement a type of hydraulic fill fine sands (called black sands) in reclamation projects in Tianjin, China, to form a working layer for mechanical equipment. Several factors influencing biogrouting with regard to cementing solution, including injection frequency, reaction time, concentration, and flow rate, were controlled to prepare black sand columns. This paper reports on an investigation of bacterial fixation, calcium ion utilization, and calcium carbonate distributions of biogrouted sand specimens. At the end of the tests, the geotechnical performances of the sand specimens were determined. The results showed that the biogrouting method effectively solidified black sands, by increasing the unconfined compressive strength of a sand column to 1.91?MPa and reducing the permeability coefficient by three orders of magnitude. A relationship between the unconfined compressive strengths and calcium carbonate contents was put forward, in addition to a relationship between the permeability coefficients and the calcium carbonate contents. According to the experimental results, some reasonable suggestions regarding the application of biogrouting to the consolidation of hydraulic fill fine sands in reclamation projects were proposed. 相似文献