共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 61 毫秒
1.
热带大西洋深海沉积物中的晚更新世木炭：气候和地球化学意义研究人员对热带大西洋晚更新世海洋沉积物中的木炭进行了测定，以了解局部木炭的沉积历史．这些木炭与邻近大陆生物质氧化和大洋碳的多价螯合相关．对热带大西洋东部深海岩心进行详细分析（约１．０ｋａ分辨率）... 相似文献
2.
解释晚更新世海平面变化的两个主要出处是：(1)探海沉积物岩心的氧同位素记录，(2)对海相沉积物露头的研究．这两种解释都需要根据说明某些问题的以前海平面做出一些假设，因此，对海平面变化的持续期、范围和时限存在着不同的认识，巴布亚新几内亚上升礁和深海氧同位素记录的相应性为晚更新世海平面变化提出了良好估算。 相似文献
3.
南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡晚第四纪沉积物磁组构特征及其古环境学意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
吴能友 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1998,18(1):77-88
通过南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡沉积物岩心ＰＣ１０的磁化率各向异性测量及统计分析,揭示了磁组构参数随深度的变化特征。结合沉积物粒度、物质成份、碎屑矿物百分含量及同位素测年等资料进行综合分析,探讨布兰斯菲尔德海峡晚更新世以来的古水流方向及古气候变化史。结果表明：（１）１１２．５ｋａ以来海峡古水流主要有两组,一组为源自环南极流、流速相对较大的ＮＥ向水流,另一组为由于气温升高而产生的南极半岛、南设得兰群岛冰盖消融水流,ＮＮＷ—ＮＳ向;（２）１１２．５ｋａ以来海峡的古气候大致可分为六期,相当于岩性段７５３．５～６２０ｃｍ（Ⅰ,早凉期）、６２０～４８８．５ｃｍ（Ⅱ,早暖期）、４８８．５～３９１ｃｍ（Ⅲ,早冷期）、３９１～１４０ｃｍ（Ⅳ,晚冷期）、１４０～２５ｃｍ（Ⅴ,晚暖期）和２５～０ｃｍ（Ⅵ,晚凉期）,基本上反映了末次间冰期—末次冰期—冰后期的古气候变化史,与全球晚更新世以来的气候变化情况基本一致,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ期相当于末次间冰期的早、晚期,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期分别对应于玉木冰期Ⅰ和Ⅱ期,而Ⅴ期为冰后期,Ⅵ期相当于２３２０年的寒冷气候事件。由此可见,磁组构方法不失为一种经济且便利地研究海洋沉积物古环境的工具。 相似文献
4.
冲绳海槽北部Rd－82和Rd－86孔氧同位素记录及其古环境分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文对冲绳海槽北部Ｒｄ一８２孔浮游有孔虫Ｎ．ｄｕｔｅｒｔｒｅｉ和Ｒｄ一８６孔Ｎ．ｄｕｔｅｒｔｒｅｉ及Ｇ．ｓａｃｃｕｌｉｆｅｒ的氧同位素记录进行了分析。Ｒｄ一８２孔浮游有孔虫的氧同位素组成可清晰地划分氧同位素１一４期，跨越地质时代０一７１ｋａ；Ｒｄ一８６孔可划分氧同位素１一４期及５ａ－５ｃ亚期，跨越地质时代为０一１１０ｋａ。根据氧同位素变幅分析，末次冰期极盛时冲绳海槽北部可能有黄河和长江的淡水影响，其影响强度Ｒｄ一８２孔强于Ｒｄ一８６孔。晚更新世以来，黑潮流一直影响着本区，冰期时黑潮流主流线向东转折段向南偏移，根据现有资料至少南移０．３４个纬度。此外，在氧同位第２期，即末次冰期极盛期内发生一个短暂的气候回暖事件，该事件发生在２１一２０ｋａＢ，Ｐ，之间。 相似文献
5.
6.
从中国南海采集的岩心中的高分辨率浮游有孔虫记录表明 ,最近３万ａ中西太平洋边缘海气候的千年尺度快速变化。中国南海是亚洲大陆东南最大的西太平洋边缘海 ,该地区现在盛行季节性季风变化。对岩心中浮游有孔虫动物群丰度的定量分析表明了自从３万ａ前的氧同位素３期开始 ,主分类单元的相对丰度从上向下有很大变化。进一步分析表明 ,作为海平面温度（ＳＳＴ）（１３～１９℃）和深水混合层深度（ＭＬＤ）（１００～１２５ｍ）指示种Ｇ．ｉｎｆｌａｔａ的丰度显示出突然偏移 ,在氧同位素２期和３期中 ,准周期短时限（２～３ｋａ）使Ｇ．ｉｎ… 相似文献
7.
本文利用珠江口盆地四个工程钻井的古生物、古地磁、同位素及沉积物资料，对钻孔所揭露的地层进行划分，认为所钻遇的地层包括下更新统（上部）、中更新统、上更新统及全新统。依据古生物分异度及含量作出海平面变化曲线，识别出十个海侵期，利用钙质超微化石特征种的初现面和末现面资料，将本区海平面变化曲线与太平洋Ｖ＿（２８－２３９）氧同位素曲线对比，分析了本区晚第四纪以来的沉积环境和气候，认为早更新世晚期，中更新世中期，晚更新世早期及全新世本区气候温暖，沉积环境属陆架浅海环境。 相似文献
8.
南海东北部末次冰期-全新世古海洋学 总被引：36，自引：6，他引：30
据加速器质谱仪１４Ｃ测年,ＲＣ２６－１６孔提供了南海北部近１５２００ａ来古海洋学的连续沉积记录。其古海洋学发展过程可分为３期,（１）最后冰期（１５．２～１３．３ｋａ）;（２）冰消期（１３．３～９．０ｋａ）;（３）间冰期（９．０ｋａ～现代）。末次冰期至全新世时,冬季海水表层温度由１８℃上升至２４℃,夏季则保持在２７～２９℃之间。在１１ｋａ时,冬季水温曾短暂的一度变凉（约３℃）,此可能代表区内新仙女木事件。末次冰期时,夏季与冬季温度差约为９℃,它的变化幅度较全新世的５℃要大。末次冰期时,表层水（０～５０ｍ）与次表层水（５０～１００ｍ）间碳、氧同位素递减梯度较全新世的为小。１５～１３ｋａ时大洋表层动物衍生营养含量相对较高,推测这与较强的冬季风导致较强的上升流,而造成高养分和高生物生产率有关,全新世时冬季风变弱。全新世碳酸盐补偿深度和有孔虫溶跃层较浅,５．３ｋａ时有短暂的变深,浮游有孔虫保存高峰和碳酸钙高峰值发生在１４～１２ｋａ间,相当于全球性的ＴｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎⅠ事件。 相似文献
9.
本文研究了南海北部３１孔岩芯样的长链烯酮化合物的分布与微体古生物（钙质超微化石和浮游有孔虫）的关系。烯酮化合物主要来自定鞭金藻的赫胥黎艾氏石Ｅｍｉｌｉａｎｉｓａｈｕｘｌｅｙｉ，其中Ｃ３７∶２Ｍｅ含量在３１％～７０％。应用Ｃ３７的不饱和比值（Ｕ３７ｋ）计算了南海３１孔柱状样的海水古温度，波动幅度在２３．２～２８．３℃之间，平均为２５．３℃，低于该海域海水实测年平均温度（２８．１℃）。Ｕ３７ｋ值的变化与浮游有孔虫壳体的氧同位素值分期有着对应的关系，亦可相应分成５期。 相似文献
10.
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
18.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献
19.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
20.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献