共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
深海微生物培养模拟平台温度控制技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对深海微生物培养系统对温度条件的苛刻要求,在分析系统构成及建模的基础上,介绍了一种对系统的两级滞后环节采用了PI控制和双Smith预估反馈的方法,通过内环和外环Smith预估控制,精确的消除了温度控制系统中滞后延迟环节的影响,提高了PI控制强度,减少了超调,提高了系统动态响应和稳态精度。在系统Matlab仿真和实际实验中得到了良好的效果,满足系统的精度要求。 相似文献
2.
潜航器电推进系统广泛采用高效率和高功率密度的永磁同步电机,需要结合转子位置传感器实现其高性能控制。采用霍尔磁极位置传感器可以节省体积,但低分辨率的位置信号不能满足电机的高性能控制需要。基于霍尔位置信号和平均速度采用线性插值方法估算转子实时位置,用于永磁同步电机矢量控制。 针对霍尔信号偏差导致估算位置在修正处发生突变的问题,通过改进平均速度计算和位置修正方法平滑位置估算值,抑制了因估算位置突变导致的电流畸变,实现了潜航器推进用永磁同步电机的低噪运行。实验结果验证了方案的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
3.
本文针对当前及未来多型水下航行体的通用化水下高精度定位跟踪及综合测控要求,开展小型便携式水下声源系统研究,解决了不同水下航行体定位跟踪及水声遥测与遥控的综合测控集成化问题,以及小型水下航行体的通用化声源安装适配性等难题。采用集成化一体式综合设计方案,功能上兼顾水声定位跟踪、水声遥测遥控等功能,性能上其短基线水声定位精度可达R×5‰(R为斜距),远程水声遥测遥控误码率为10~(-5)。本文在系统总体方案中平衡了小尺寸与高性能之间的传统矛盾,大幅缩减声源尺寸和重量,并完成了小型水下滑翔机湖上试验。试验结果证明,该声源系统在比国外类似产品更小尺寸和重量的基础上,同时具备水声定位跟踪和水声遥测遥控等综合测控功能,可为多型水下航行体湖海试验提供高精度实时定位测量及远程应急遥控手段,具有较高的实用价值和良好的市场应用前景。 相似文献
4.
合适的控制模型参数能够保证被控对象在较快的响应时间和较小的超调量下达到控制目标,无人水下航行器定深控制模型参数的优化设计对提升水下航行器使用性能具有重要意义。首先,建立了水下航行器空间运动学方程,基于 Modelica 建模语言构建了航行器虚拟样机及其定深控制模型。然后,以响应时间和超调量最小为优化目标,采用非支配排序差分进化算法建立了水下航行器定深控制模型参数多目标优化流程,基于 OPTIMUS 平台构建了水下航行器定深控制模型参数优化设计工作流。以某水下航行器为对象的实验结果表明：所提方法可快速获得较优的 PID 控制模型参数,优化后的水下航行器定深运动控制特性显著改善。 相似文献
5.
针对虚拟锚泊浮标在目标点位置难以进行锚泊的问题,设计了一种神经网络模糊滑模控制器。通过引入虚拟锚泊圆,将在锚泊点一定范围内虚拟锚泊的问题转变为对虚拟锚泊圆进行路径跟踪的问题,应用Fossen矩阵建立虚拟锚泊浮标动力学模型,采用Serret-Frenet坐标变换和重新定义输出变量,将单输入多输出非线性系统转变为单输入单输出非线性系统,进而构建滑模控制器,采用模糊算法对滑模开关量进行在线调整,削弱滑模控制器的"抖振",采用神经网络对滑模控制器进行优化,摆脱对系统模型的依赖性,提高控制器的鲁棒性,并对该控制器进行仿真实验和分析,结果表明该控制器具有很好的虚拟锚泊性能。 相似文献
6.
全驱动船舶轨迹跟踪初始位置影响分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
船舶轨迹跟踪属于广义上的船舶动力定位,具体来说是船舶在规定的时间内,通过轨迹跟踪系统的控制到达原本设定的位置。以某一全驱动船舶为例,分别对预定轨迹为直线和圆进行船舶轨迹跟踪时域模拟研究,通过分析船舶时域模拟轨迹与预设轨迹的水平位置偏差与艏向角偏差研究轨迹跟踪精度,并分析船舶初始位置对轨迹跟踪的影响。研究表明,船舶初始水平位置偏离设定轨迹起点越大,船舶调整至轨迹的时间越长,但最终能回到预设轨迹上;船舶初始艏向如偏离过大,会导致船舶远离预设轨迹。在实际工程应用中,可利用动力定位将船舶定位至轨迹跟踪起点,调整船舶艏向,再开始轨迹跟踪。 相似文献
7.
针对基于α-β滤波的高频地波雷达海上目标航迹跟踪方法跟踪精度较低、工程适用性较差的问题,提出了一种极坐标下α-β滤波自适应系数选取方法,该方法有效利用了高频地波雷达目标量测参数的特点,能够在跟踪过程中根据实际量测对滤波系数进行自适应调整。利用仿真及实测地波雷达数据以及同步AIS航迹对提出方法的航迹跟踪性能进行了实验验证,并与现有自适应系数选取方法的跟踪性能进行了对比,结果表明,本文方法能够得到平滑、持续的航迹输出,跟踪距离远,跟踪率及跟踪精度高。 相似文献
8.
《海洋技术学报》2018,(5)
针对黑潮等海洋现象的长期、间歇性观测需求,研发了一种长期定点剖面观测AUV系统。为降低能耗,在观测间隔期间,采用浮力调节技术实现定深悬浮,并关闭主要设备实现休眠节能。传统的油囊式浮力调节系统不能精确测量调节量,难以满足AUV悬浮休眠节能的需求。为实现浮力调节量的精确控制,设计了一种内油箱为活塞式油缸的吸排油浮力调节系统,通过活塞位置的精确测量实现浮力调节量的精确测量和控制。试验结果表明,该浮力调节系统性能满足设计指标,调节精度可达到10 mL,搭载该浮力调节系统的AUV可实现高精度定深控制和剩余浮力的精确调节。该研究为拓展AUV的作业模式、提高AUV作业时间奠定了基础,为高精度浮力调节系统的开发提供了设计参考。 相似文献
9.
新型船载气象卫星接收系统 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
新型船载气象卫星接收系统为南极考察船的航海气象保障和在南大洋冰区中航行导航专门研制.该系统能够适应高温、高湿和低温超饱和的气候环境,在12级以上大风和船在破冰时剧烈摇摆和振动以及有雷达等强磁场信号干扰的情况下,具有自我保护能力.有极轨高分辨和静止低分辨卫星的双套接收和图像处理系统.该系统的关键创新之处:(1)采用了有源陀螺仪稳定平台.利用惯性测量和三轴伺服机构控制天线和隔离船摇.解决极轨卫星低仰角和过顶轨道高仰角跟踪丢线的矛盾,解决了船在运动状态下,不断改变位置、方向以及摇摆的状态下,准确地跟踪和捕捉到卫星,接收到清晰的卫星云图.(2)图像处理系统用了最新的BORLAND-DELPHI语言编程,采用两行元素的轨道模式计算动态定位套网格系统.利用电子地图网格数据,用迭代法画出地形海岸线.计算出每一像元素的位置;能够在图上显示任意一点的经纬度,标出任意目标物.解决了在海洋中航行找不到参照物时的困惑.能够监测云和温度、林火、海洋及陆地的异常变化.能够输出24位真彩色的高清晰度的卫星云图.该系统整体结构技术先进,体积小,重量轻,适应恶劣气候和海洋环境,图像处理系统功能齐全、分辨率高,操作方便.既适用于各种船只,也适用于陆地. 相似文献
10.
针对固定粒子数PF-TBD算法计算量大、复杂环境下地波雷达海上船只目标检测与跟踪性能不佳的问题,本文将粒子滤波方法应用于地波雷达船只目标检测与跟踪中,提出了基于自适应粒子滤波的地波雷达目标检测与跟踪联合处理方法。该方法结合地波雷达回波谱中目标展宽特性,充分利用了地波雷达回波谱中面目标的粒子权重信息来设置粒子自适应采样策略,提高了目标检测和跟踪联合处理的效果。通过地波雷达实测数据的目标跟踪结果及与同步AIS信息的比对分析,结果表明:提出的检测跟踪联合处理方法在对低信噪比、快速机动等复杂环境下的多目标跟踪时,可提高目标整体跟踪性能。 相似文献
11.
The current control system of a fully-submerged hydrofoil craft based on optimal feedback control has several problems: it has no good performance of contouring waves and it cannot reduce the effect of wave disturbance. In this paper, we apply the optimal preview servo system to the longitudinal control system of a fully-submerged hydrofoil craft in order to settle the problems of current control system. The control system based on optimal preview servo system is composed of feedback controller and feedforward controller. Also in order to design the control system, the necessary prediction range of future information, the weight function in performance index, the future reference input and wave disturbance are determined. Finally, the validity of the proposed control system in this paper is confirmed by simulation. The simulation results show that the control system has good performance of contouring waves in following seas and is effective to settle the problems of current control system of a fully-submerged hydrofoil craft. 相似文献
12.
Antonelli G. Caccavale F. Chiaverini S. Villani L. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2000,25(3):399-413
In this paper, the problem of tracking a desired motion trajectory for an underwater vehicle-manipulator system without using direct velocity feedback is addressed. For this purpose, an observer is adopted to provide estimation of the system's velocity needed by a tracking control law. The combined controller-observer scheme is designed so as to achieve exponential convergence to zero of both motion tracking and estimation errors. In order to avoid representation singularities of the orientation, unit quaternions are used to express the vehicle attitude. Implementation issues are also considered and simplified control laws are suggested, aimed at suitably trading off tracking performance against reduced computational load. Simulation case studies are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller-observer algorithm. The obtained performance is compared to that achieved with a control scheme in which the velocity is reconstructed via numerical differentiation of position measurements. The results confirm that the chattering on the control commands is significantly reduced when the controller-observer strategy is adopted in lieu of raw numerical differentiation; this leads to lower energy consumption at the actuators and increases their lifetime 相似文献
13.
A precision ranging system, utilizing a phase-locked loop (PLL), has been developed for use in high-accuracy short-range navigation and tracking. Initial studies and laboratory experimentation indicate that an accuracy of 0.1 m is within feasibility limits. The system utilizes a PLL to maintain a constant phase relationship between the modulation of the carrier frequency of a master station and the return signal from a fixed position repeater station. The fixed phase relation implies that as range varies, the modulation frequency varies inversely. Range measurement is determined by means of frequency measurement. 相似文献
14.
Efficient control of ships in a designed trajectory is always a significant charge for ship maneuverings. The purpose of this paper is to design a robust H∞ controller and a reliability analysis for a container ship in a way-point tracking. First, the H∞ controller is designed for a container ship because of model parameters’ uncertainties and external disturbances such as waves, winds and ocean currents. Then, to evaluate the reliability of the designed controller, a well-known reliability analysis technique is employed to achieve the predefined heading angle overshoot (that is less than 20%) in way-point tracking. To do this, three random variables including wind speed, wind direction and wave direction are considered as the inputs due to their significant effect on overshoot, compared to other variables. The results demonstrate the capability of the designed H∞ controller against modeling uncertainties and external disturbances in way point tracking control. 相似文献
15.
A portable acoustic tracking system (PATS) has been developed for the Navy to track underwater construction teams in water depths to 200 ft. The tracking system can be deployed and operated by the divers and is intended for use in remote areas and for nearshore survey, maintenance, and construction work. A self-calibrating system provides a geographically justified track for up to eight divers. Diver position coordinates are computed from acoustic measurements at periodic intervals and displayed for control purposes. The positions are also recorded for future reference. 相似文献
16.
基于分布式控制力矩陀螺的水下航行器轨迹跟踪控制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于控制力矩陀螺群(CMGs)的水下航行器具有低速或零速机动的能力。采用基于分布式CMGs的水下航行器方案,并研究其水平面的轨迹跟踪控制问题。通过全局微分同胚变换将非完全对称的动力学模型解耦成标准欠驱动控制模型,并根据简化的模型构建其轨迹跟踪的误差动力学模型,将轨迹跟踪控制问题转化为误差模型镇定问题。基于一种分流神经元模型和反步法设计了系统的轨迹跟踪控制律,该控制器不需要对任何虚拟控制输入进行求导计算,且能确保跟踪误差的最终一致有界性。仿真结果表明该控制器能够实现在不依赖动力学参数先验知识的情况下对光滑轨迹的有效跟踪。 相似文献
17.
This paper presents dynamical modeling and robust control of a Mini Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (MUUV) equipped with a new arrangement of water jet propulsion. The water jet propulsion includes some advantages comparing with a propeller one, such as, reducing the number of required motors, desired number and arrangement of the propulsions, removing adverse torque and cavitation due to propeller rotation and etc. In order to model the proposed MUUV, the gray box method is used in such a way that the dynamical equation of motion is derived analytically by Euler-Lagrangian method, and then the hydrodynamic coefficients (such as added mass and drag coefficients) are derived by performing some tests in a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software. The dynamical model is used to simulate the MUUV system and also to design the proposed controllers, which are Feedback Linearization Controller (FLC) and Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). In order to investigate and compare the performance of the MUUV and the applied controllers, three types of tests including a desired signal tracking case and two desired path tracking cases are designed. To do so, a method is presented to obtain the desired signals from a desired path under predetermined conditions. Then, an MUUV prototype is designed and constructed in order to investigate the performance of the proposed water jet propulsions and controllers for regulation and tracking desired signal purpose, experimentally. As it is expected, the simulation and experimental results show better performance of the SMC compared to FLC. Furthermore, the experimental results reveal that the water jet propulsion is implementable to practical prototypes and also can be produced in an industrial level. 相似文献
18.
深海采矿作业中,由于海底软泥稀软,采矿机器人极易打滑,以及海底地形、海流等干扰,采矿机器人容易偏离预定路径。针对采矿机器人的海底作业过程中路径跟踪问题,设计并分析了深海采矿机器人的路径跟踪控制系统。首先提出了艏向控制实现采矿机器人路径跟踪的控制算法,通过采矿机器人与当前目标点相对位置计算采矿机器人的目标艏向角,后基于运动学模型建立模糊比例积分微分(PID)的控制方法控制采矿机器人两侧转速差值进而控制采矿机器人艏向,从而使机器人按目标路径行走;同时为了防止输入过大引起打滑,基于动力学模型数值分析了采矿机器人主动轮角加速度与打滑率之间的关系,采取限制主动轮角加速度方式防止采矿机器人过度打滑;最后通过Matlab/Simulink建立系统模型对系统进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,该控制算法能够良好地完成采矿机器人的路径跟踪任务。 相似文献
19.
This paper addresses the trajectory tracking problem for the low-speed maneuvering of fully actuated underwater vehicles. It is organized as follows. First, a brief review of previously reported control studies and plant models is presented. Second, an experimentally validated plant model for The Johns Hopkins University Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle (JHUROV) is reviewed. Third, the stability of linear proportional-derivative (PD) control and a family of fixed and adaptive model-based controllers is examined analytically and demonstrated with numerical simulations. Finally, we report results from experimental trials comparing the performance of these controllers over a wide range of operating conditions. The experimental results corroborate the analytical predictions that the model-based controllers outperform PD control over a wide range of operating conditions. The exactly linearizing model-based controller is outperformed by its nonexactly linearizing counterpart. The adaptive controllers are shown to provide reasonable online plant parameter estimates, as well as velocity and position tracking consistent with theoretical predictions-providing good velocity tracking and, with the appropriate parameter update law, position tracking. The effects of reference trajectory, "bad" model parameters, feedback gains, adaptation gains, and thruster saturation are experimentally evaluated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported comparative experimental study of this class of model-based controllers for underwater vehicles. 相似文献